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Biomedical subjects

D Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to D Zhang.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Role of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and Fas antigen in hepatocellular apoptosis of viral hepatitis B patients].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and Fas antigen in hepatocellular apoptosis and necrosis in viral hepatitis B. METHODS: Seventy paraffin sections from patients with HBV infection were studied. Five cases of normal liver tissues were studied as control. Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). TNFR1 and Fas antigen were determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Hepatocellular apoptosis and the expression of TNFR 1 and Fas antigen on hepatocytes were not detected in normal liver tissues. In contrast, there was a strong reaction in TUNEL assay and TNFR1 or Fas antigen expressed on hepatocytes in liver tissues infected with HBV. The degree of apoptosis and the expression of TNFR 1 or Fas antigen on hepatocytes had distinct difference in different hepatitis (P<0.005). There was a positive correlation between degrees of the expression of Fas and hepatic apoptosis (P<0.005), but the similar result was not observed in the expression of TNFR 1 and hepatocellular apoptosis. Our observations also showed that TNFR1 was detected in cytoplasm and cell membrane similarly, and Fas antigen was mainly detected in cytoplasm. There was not positive correlation between degrees of the expression of TNFR1 and Fas antigen on hepatocytes. It was showed that 60.9% (28/46) hepatocytes with strong reaction in TUNEL assay expressed both TNFR1 and Fas antigen. CONCLUSIONS: The degrees of hepatocellular apoptosis and necrosis induced by Fas antigen are stronger than that induced by TNF. The expression of Fas and TNFR 1 on hepatocytes simultaneously may enhance hepatocellular apoptosis in hepatitis B patients.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2001

[Carcinoid of trachea and bronchus: a report of 20 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the biologic and clinical characteristics of carcinoid tumor of trachea and bronchus and to find out rational surgical indications and approaches. METHODS: The clinical materials of 20 surgically treated patients with carcinoid of trachea and bronchus were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: All but one patient received radical tumor resection. Operative complication occurred in 2 patients. Of the 20 patients, 13 suffered from typical carcinoids (TC) and 7 from atypical carcinoids (AC). Immunochemical staining revealed that both the typical and atypical carcinoids were of neuroendocrine origin. The 5-, 10- and 15-year survival rate of TC patients was 100.0%, 7/8 and 3/4 respectively. Of the 7 patients with AC, 6 had not yet been 5 years after operation but were still alive, and one patient died of remote metastasis 2 years after operation. CONCLUSION: Surgical resection of carcinoid is indicated not only for early cases, but also for patients in stage III a and III b. The age and pulmonary function of the patients are the chief factors determining the surgical approach.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Second primary lung cancer in laryngeal cancer patients: report on 36 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the development, treatment and prognosis of a second primary lung cancer in laryngeal carcinoma patients. METHODS: A total of 36 patients with a second primary lung cancer was discovered in 2,182 laryngeal cancer patients. For comparison, a group of 15,541 lung cancers was also reviewed for the presence of a second primary laryngeal cancer. All patients have been followed for over five years. RESULTS: From 1958 to 1999, out of 2,182 laryngeal carcinoma patients, 36 synchronous (3) or metachronous (33) second primary malignancies of the lung were found. This represented 1.65% of all largngeal cancers observed or 45.0% of all the second primary cancers developed. Their pathology was: squamous cell carcinoma (32-88.9%), adenocarcinoma(2-5.6%), small cell carcinoma(1-2.8%) and large cell carcinoma (1-2.8%). The c-TNM stages were: stage I (7-19.4%), stage II (12-33.3%), stage III (9-25.0%) and stage IV (8-22.2%). The 2- and 5-year survival rates were 41.7% and 8.3%, with an average survival of 23 months. The interval from the treatment of the initial laryngeal carcinoma to the development of the new second primary carcinoma of lung ranged from 1 to 14 years, with an average of 44 months. CONCLUSION: Synchronous or metachronous second malignancies of the lung are sometimes encountered in laryngeal cancer patients while the occurrence of a laryngeal second primary following a lung cancer is not observed. The development of the second primary lung cancer is not related to the treatment of the initial laryngeal malignancies. Surgery plus external radiotherapy provides better results than surgery or radiotherapy alone.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of double primary lung cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To arrive at a rational diagnosis and effective surgical treatment of double primary lung cancer. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with double primary lung cancers were operated in our department from 1977 to 1999. RESULTS: Twenty-two lesions were metachronous and 12 synchronous. Among the patients with metachronous second primary lung cancer, 10 were treated by lobectomy, 11 by partial resection and one was explored only. The morbidity, mortality and 5-year survival rates were 13.6%, 4.6% and 25.0%, respectively. Among the synchronous double primary lung cancer patients, 2 were treated by lobectomy and 2 by pneumonectomy and the others by partial resection at least for one tumor. There was no morbidity or mortality, and the 5-year survival rate was 14.3%. CONCLUSION: Because of the low detection rate of double primary lung cancer, preoperative diagnosis, differential diagnosis and postoperative follow up must be paid with due attention. Conservative operation and incomplete lymph node dissection, being the chief reasons of poor outcome, should be stressed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[Comparison of GCF biochemical components changes during orthodontic tooth movement between children and adults].

OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of biochemical components in GCF between children and adults during orthodontic tooth movement. METHODS: 84 patients (child group: 43 subjects, adult group: 41 subjects) were included, each having one treatment tooth and one contralateral control tooth. The levels of PGE2, IL-6 and GM-CSF in GCF of upper lateral incisor were investigated before activation and at 24th hour after the applying of labial orthodontic force, by using of highly sensitive radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: PGE2, IL-6 and GM-CSF were highly detectable in GCF (> 90%). At experimental sides, total amount of GCF PGE2, IL-6 and GM-CSF levels was significantly elevated at 24th hour compared with that before activation in both child group and adult group. Mean concentration of PGE2 in GCF increased significantly at 24th hour in the two groups, while that of IL-6 and GM-CSF did only in child group. The levels of PGE2, IL-6 and GM-CSF in GCF remained at baseline throughout the study for the control teeth. CONCLUSION: There were some differences of GCF cytokine changes between child and adult groups.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Cox multivariate analysis of prognosis and proposal on a modified staging system of thymoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathologic features, prognostic factors and propose a new modified staging criteria for thymoma. METHODS: The data of 159 patients operated for thymoma collected were retrospectively analyzed as to their prognostic factors and criteria of clinical staging through comparison of survival rates by the actuarial method, Log-rank and Cox multivariable model. RESULTS: Thorough resection (OR = 2.10), and extent of tumor invasion (OR = 1.73) were the most important prognostic factors. Tumor with peritumoral adhesion and absence of a complete capsule but without external invasion belonged to the criteria of stage II (II a). According to the prognosis and state of resection, lesions with obvious peritumoral invasion into the nearby organs but were thoroughly resected belonged to stage II (II b) and those incompletely resected belonged to III a. The unresectable lesions belonged to III b. CONCLUSION: According to the Cox prognostic multivariable model, the criteria of clinical staging of thymoma are defined as: Stage I-completely encapsulated non-invasive tumor without tight fibrous adhesions to the surroundings. Stage II a-only capsular invasion or capsule incomplete or with tight fibrous adhesions to the surroundings. II b-invasion into the surrounding fatty tissue, pleura, partial pericardium or lung, Stage III a-invasion into the great vessels, heart, trachea or hilus, which are resected with difficulty, or only palliatively. III b-extensive invasion into the nearby organs, and resection is impossible. Stage IV a-pleural or pericardial dissemination, IV b-lymphatic or hematogenous metastasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Internal strontium-89 radiotherapy for malignant bony metastasis].

OBJECTIVE: This work was done to evaluate the indication, effectiveness, and side effects of internal radiotherapy with radioactive nuclide strontium-89 (89Sr) in patients with malignant metastasis in the bone. METHODS: Fifty-six patients with skeletal metastasis received this internal radiotherapy. The patients were observed and followed up with respect to pain control, lesion improvement and side effects. RESULTS: The overall effective rate of pain control was 76.8% with the effective rate of prostatic cancer and breast cancer higher than 80%. The lesions in 81.8% patients as assessed by SPECT imaging, were improved. The mild lowering of white cells, platelets and red cells was the main side effect. CONCLUSION: Internal radiotherapy with 89Sr is very useful for patients with malignant cancer metastasis in the bone.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Introduction to health education institutions in China in the first half of 20th century].

The "School Hygienic Committee" established in 1929 by coordinated work of ministry of Health and Education was the earliest health education institution, promoting school hygiene education. In the same year, the "Project of School hygiene" and "Project of Health Education" were issued which were the important regulations for hygienic education in which the requirements for hygienic education unit pushed the setting up of provincial or county hygienic education committee. Based on materials from over 20 provinces and cities, about a half of the units were named health education committee, the others were called hygienic education committee, mostly attached to the Bureau of Education with its tasks aiming at students. In a few provinces and cities, health education were listed in their working program.

China↗
PubMed2001

[Use X-ray or CR to evaluate the operation result of the cochlear implant].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cochlear implant operation by the use of X-ray or CR. METHOD: There are 15 ears 15 cases which were completed the cochlear implant operation, after operation the implant electrode array was shown by the use of X-ray or CR. RESULT: The shape and station of those were normal, average insered depth was 23.05 mm, come up to provide standard. CONCLUSION: It was an economic, convenient, objective and worthy method to evaluate the cochlear implant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Alzheimer's disease related-genes and apoptosis].

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population. The occurrence of dementia correlates best with neuronal apoptosis. All the proteins (APP, PS1, PS2) encoded by AD-related genes are involved in regulating neuronal apoptosis. On the other hand numerous apoptosis-regulating factors have been identified to participate in AD neurodegeneration. Detailed studies on this field are of important significance in the understanding the pathogenesis and the therapeutic measures for AD. This review will discuss the interrelation and interaction between AD-related genes and apoptosis.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Effect of manganese exposure on brain development in postnatal mice].

Effects of manganese (Mn) exposure on brain development in postnatal mice were studied. The results were as follows: (1) The gain of body weight, brain weight and the ratio of brain weight to body weight in the high dose Mn-exposed group was significantly decreased. (2) In the Morris Water Maze Test, the average latency discovering the hidden platform was obviously increased every day during the first 5 days in the high Mn-exposed group, but the latency probing the quadrant in which the hidden platform was located previously was reduced at the 6th day. (3) The protein content of brain tissue was significantly decreased in the high Mn-exposed mice, but the activity of AChE in brain was decreased. (4) The immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) and the average relative density of GFAP-positive products in hippocampus (area CA3) of both low and high Mn-exposed group, especially the high dose ones, was significantly higher than that of the control group.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed2001

[Effects of pressure induced retinal ischemia on ERG in rabbit].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of pressure induced retinal ischemia on electroretinogram(ERG) in rabbit. METHODS: Retinal ischemia was induced in rabbits by increasing intraocular pressure at 30 mmHg, 60 mmHg, 90 mmHg, 120 mmHg for 45 minutes, and retinal function was monitored by eletroretinography. RESULTS: There was no difference on ERG before or after the experiment both in 30 mmHg group and control one. In 60 mmHg pressure induced ischemia eyes, the amplitudes of the b-wave and OPs wave reduced significantly. Four hours after reperfusion, they were totally recovered. After an ischemic insult of 90 mmHg or 120 mmHg for 45 minutes, there was no response of ERG. Four hours later, the amplitudes of the b-wave and OPs wave were 66.912 +/- 20.157 and 16.423 +/- 3.965 the former, 38.852 +/- 23.438 and 8.610 +/- 12.090 the latter, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that higher intraocular pressure causes more severe retina ischemic damage, and less recovery ability.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Experimental study on xiaoliu pingyi mixture with medicated serum in inducing apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line H-7402].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy of Xiaoliu Pingyi Mixture (XLPY) in inducing the apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line H-7402. METHODS: Using serum pharmacologic method, the morphological change of apoptotic cells was observed at different time points by co-culturing with different concentrations of medicated serum containing XLPY with light and fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical staining methods. Blank serum was taken as control. RESULTS: The different concentration of medicated serum containing XLPY could significantly inhibit the growth of H-7402 cell line in vitro. After treated with medicated serum of XLPY, the cellular morphologic changes were typical apoptosis under light and fluorescent microscopy, the sub-G1 peaks were observed by flow cytometric assays. The apoptosis rate revealed a medicated serum concentration and time dependent manner. The control group 5%, 10% medicated serum induced apoptotic rate were 0.49%, 5.58% and 8.46% by 24 h; while by 48 h, it was 0.83%, 11.58% and 14.25% respectively. bcl-2 gene examination showed that the bcl-2 gene expression was inhibited. CONCLUSION: XLPY could induce apoptosis in carcinoma cells, and play the clinical role of anti-tumor and anti-metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Measurement of waveguide depth in proton-exchanged LiNbO3 by infrared absorption spectroscopy].

A novel method for determining proton-exchanged LiNbO3 waveguide depth by infrared absorption spectroscopy was proposed. The method overcomes the shortcoming that the conventional prism-coupling + IWKB technique is only applicable to the multimode waveguides. For the commonly used single-mode waveguides, however, it is helpless. The experimental results indicated that this method has good accuracy.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2001

[Morphological, microscopical and UV spectral identification of herba visci ovalifolii].

OBJECTIVE: To identify herba Visci ovalifolii, Chinese medicinal materials used in Li and Miao nationalities. METHODS: Morphological, microscopical and UV spectral methods. RESULT: Dichotomous branch with a yellow surface, with leaf of 3-5 acrodromous veins originating at the base of the leaf. In transverse section, the thick outer wall of the epidermis of stem projecting like nipple; stone cells contain frequently a prismatic crystal of calcium oxalate, often occur in the cortex and phloem of the stem. Pericycle fibres and xylem fibres all with a well-developed thick wall; vessels with a bordered pits somtimes have a spiral thickened interwall; mesophyll homogeneous contain cluster crystals (not calcium oxalate); stomata present on both surfaces, mostly paracrytic, with small and narrow subsidiary cells. Hairs absent at the surface. CONCLUSION: Above morphological and microscopical characters may be used for the identification of herba Visci ovalifolii. UV spectral method is a simple identificating method for herba Visci ovalifolii.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
PubMed2001

[The result of testing psychotic disorder patients in general hospital with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory].

OBJECTIVE: To study the psychological characteristics of patients with psychotic disorder in general hospital. METHODS: 92 male and 158 female patients with psychotic disorder were tested with Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI). They consist of 215 cases with neurosis (hypochondriasis, depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, hysteria, neurasthenia); 4 cases with schizoaffective disorder; 3 cases with manic-depressive insanity. 5 cases with schizophrenia and 23 cases of somatoform disease with affective disorder. RESULTS: The scores of F, K, Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pa, Pt and Si scales in the patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls. The scores of Mf were significantly higher in the male han those in the female patients and the scores of F lower in the male than those in the female patients. CONCLUSIONS: The psychotic disorders as well as seen in patients in general hospital are hypochondriasis and somatoform disorder, and depression of the female.

Adult↗