Biomedical subjects

Dae Seog Heo

Publications and source records attributed to Dae Seog Heo.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Comparison of intrathecal chemotherapy for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis of a solid tumor: methotrexate alone versus methotrexate in combination with cytosine arabinoside and hydrocortisone.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of intrathecal methotrexate single therapy with three-drug combination therapy in patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. METHODS: Fifty-five patients who had pathologically proven leptomeningeal carcinomatosis of a solid tumor were evaluated in terms of pathological response. Group M (n = 29) received methotrexate 15 mg and group MHA (n = 26) received methotrexate 15 mg, hydrocortisone 15 mg/m(2) and ara-C 30 mg/m(2) twice a week intrathecally until a cytological response was obtained. RESULTS: Primary sites of the tumor were the lung (n = 33), breast (n = 13) and stomach (n = 5). The pathology of 45 patients was adenocarcinoma. The cytological response rate to intrathecal chemotherapy was significantly higher in the MHA group than in the M group (38.5 vs 13.8%, P = 0.036). The median survival was 18.6 weeks in the MHA arm and 10.4 weeks in the M arm (P = 0.029). CONCLUSION: Combination intrathecal chemotherapy with methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside and hydrocortisone showed more favorable effects than methotrexate single therapy for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in solid tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2002

Phase II study of chemotherapy with ACNU plus cisplatin followed by cranial irradiation in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy with ACNU (1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)-methyl-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea) plus cisplatin followed by cranial irradiation in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between August 1999 and July 2001, previously untreated 30 patients with histologically confirmed glioblastoma multiforme were treated. Chemotherapy consisting of up to 2 cycles of 72 h of continuous intravenous infusion of ACNU (40 mg/m2/day) and cisplatin (40 mg/m2/d) was given over a 6-week period. Radiation was begun 6 weeks after the second cycle of chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median age was 48 years (range 18-66 years) and 22 patients with residual measurable disease after surgery were eligible for response analysis. One (5%) had a complete response (CR), 36% partial response (PR), 14% stable disease (SD), and 45% progressive disease (PD) after chemotherapy. After additional radiation, 22% had CR, 22% PR, 16% SD, and 42% PD. Grades III and IV leukopenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 18 cycles (36%) and 15 cycles (30%), respectively. No fatal complications occurred. Median time to progression was 5.9 months (95% CI 5.1-6.8 months) and median overall survival was 14.9 months (95% CI 9.1-20.7 months). CONCLUSIONS: Preradiation chemotherapy with ACNU plus cisplatin is effective and feasible in patients with gliobiastoma multiforme.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) is active and well tolerated in patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer: a phase II trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to confirm the efficacy and tolerability of docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) in a population of Korean patients with advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: Patients with metastatic or locally recurrent gastric cancer received docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) by intravenous infusion every 3 weeks. Objective response rate was the primary endpoint. RESULTS: Forty-five patients were enrolled. Most showed adenocarcinomas of the gastric antrum and/or body of the stomach. All showed metastases and two-thirds retained the primary tumour. Forty-four patients received at least one docetaxel infusion ('treated' population), with 40 patients evaluable for response. A total of 159 cycles (median three cycles) were administered, with mean duration of treatment 10.9 weeks. The objective response rate in the treated population was 15.9% (17.5% in the per protocol population), with stable disease in 25.0% of patients and progressive disease in 50.0%. Grade 3-4 neutropenia occurred in 36 (81.8%) patients and 36.1% of cycles. However, febrile neutropenia occurred in only two (4.5%) patients and 1.3% of cycles. Grade 3 anorexia, experienced by two patients (4.5%) and during 1.9% of cycles, was the most frequent non-haematological adverse event possibly or probably related to docetaxel. No grade 4 non-haematological events occurred. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) is active in metastatic or locally recurrent adenocarcinoma with a low incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events. Docetaxel warrants further study in combination regimens for advanced gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2002

A phase III randomized trial of combined chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

A phase III randomized trial was conducted to investigate whether induction chemotherapy followed by radiation can influence survival as compared with radiation alone in unresectable, locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LADNSCLC). A total of 101 patients with unresectable stage IIIA or IIIB NSCLC were enrolled. Patients were stratified by performance status, weight loss, histology and stage, and then randomized to receive combined chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone. Radiotherapy was administered in 1.8 Gy to 2.0 Gy standard fractions daily 5 times weekly for a total dose of 60 Gy to 65 Gy. The combined group received induction of cisplatin, etoposide, and vinblastine (PEV) chemotherapy with cisplatin 20 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5, etoposide 100 mg/m2 on days 2 to 4, and vinblastine 6 mg/m2 on day 1, which wasrepeated every 3 weeks for 3 courses, after which time the patients underwent radiotherapy. Of 101 patients registered, 89 patients (43 combined, 46 radiotherapy alone) were eligible for analysis. The response rates for the combined and radiotherapy groups were 65% (28/43) and 70% (32/46), respectively. The median survival time (MST) showed a tendency to be more prolonged in the combined group than in the group receiving radiotherapy alone (13.8 vs. 8.5 months). The MST in patients with nonsquamous histology was strikingly prolonged in the combined group as compared with the radiotherapy group (14 vs. 3.6 months, p 0.027). Likewise, the MST in patients with stage IIIB was significantly prolonged in the combined group as compared with the radiotherapy group (11.1 vs. 7.2 months, p 0.045). Together, the MST of the high-risk group with nonsquamous or stage IIIB was significantly higher in the combined group than that seen in the radiotherapy group (11.6 vs. 8 months, p 0.046), whereas the MST of the low-risk group, defined as having both squamous histology and stage IIIA, was similar in the two treatment groups (18.3 vs. 20.8 months, p = 0.293). In conclusion, induction PEV chemotherapy plus radiotherapy is superior to radiotherapy alone in high-risk subsets of unresectable LAD-NSCLC and therapeutic strategy should be based on the identification of prognostic factors.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Hepatitis B virus infection and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a hepatitis B endemic area: a case-control study.

Several studies have reported a higher prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and suggested a pathogenic role for HCV, but studies on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are limited. To determine the association between HBV infection and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, we performed a case-control study in Korea, a hepatitis B endemic area. We recruited 222 patients newly diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at Seoul National University Hospital between January 1997 and December 1998 as cases. Four age- and sex-matched controls were selected for each case, and the control groups comprised of 439 patients with non-hematological malignancy (control group 1) and 444 subjects with non-malignant conditions (control group 2). Relative risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among individuals tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen was calculated after controlling for other potential risk factors of lymphoma, such as smoking, alcohol drinking, transfusion history and HCV infection. Hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in 28 of 222 patients (12.6%) with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma compared with 32 of 439 (7.3%) in control group 1, and 21 of 444 (4.7%) in control group 2 (P = 0.001). The crude odds ratio for B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among the HBV carriers was 2.54 (1.46 - 4.45) and the adjusted odds ratio was 3.30 (1.69 - 6.45) by multivariate analysis. The present study suggests that the risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is increased in HBV carriers and warrants further investigation of the possible role of hepatitis B virus in the pathogenesis of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Survival of all cancer patients in Korea through 2-year follow-up.

Cancer is the most frequent cause of death in both developing and developed countries, including Korea. The aim of this study was to present survival rates of Korean cancer patients. Survival analysis was carried out with data collected under the Korea Central Cancer Registry Program, which included all cancer patients diagnosed from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997. We have analyzed the effects of age at diagnosis and sex on cancer survival from the cancer registry data of 64,240 Korean patients diagnosed of cancer in 1997. The overall survival rate of all Korean cancer patients (both men and women) was 67% at 1 yr and 57% at 2 yr. The 1- and 2-yr survival rates for all cancers in men were 58% and 47%, respectively, while those in women were 77% and 69%, respectively. Men had a lower survival rate than women in most malignancies. The pancreatic cancer was shown the lowest 1-yr survival rate.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Chylothorax in Gorham's disease.

A 25-yr-old woman presented with a right pleural effusion. Destruction of 9th through 12th ribs, adjacent vertebral bodies, and transverse processes was noted on plain radiograph and a large low-attenuated, irregular shaped mass lesion with peripheral rim enhancement, destroying vertebral body and transverse process, was revealed on the computed tomographic scan. Magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal on T1- weighted image and iso- and low signal on T2-weighted image for the mass lesion replacing the vertebral bony cortex and marrow space. An open rib biopsy revealed the histopathological changes of Gorham's disease (essential osteolysis), even though only bloody fluid filling the empty space and rib and vertebral transverse process destruction were grossly observed on operation. Even though there was no definite response to radiotherapy and pleurodesis, the patient showed stable condition up to 20 months after diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Progress and limitations in cancer gene therapy.

This is a brief discussion on the progress of gene therapy and the limitations of present-day gene therapy clinical trials based on a review of 464 human trial protocols from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the U.S. Federal Drug Administration (FDA). The paper also discusses an aspect of the gene therapy research of the author, who, together with colleagues, conducted the first gene therapy clinical trial in Korea in 1995.

Genetic Therapy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Colorectal cancer in Korea: characteristics and trends.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of malignancy in Korea. However, there have been few reports concerning the clinical or pathological characteristics of patients in this area. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics and trends of colorectal cancer in Korea. METHODS: The 1,468 patients with a histologic diagnoses of colorectal cancer between 1990 and 1997 at the Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, were retrospectively examined. The data source was the medical record database of the Hospital. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was younger than in Western countries (57.4 years for colon cancer and 55.6 years for rectal cancer). Rectal cancer was found to be more frequent than colon cancer. However, the proportion of colon cancer has been steadily increasing with time. The changes in the colon-to-rectal ratio mainly arose from an increase in left-sided colon cancer. Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma was also increasing. Colon cancer patients demonstrated a more advanced stage than the rectal cancer patients. Surgery was performed in 93.7% of the patients as a first course of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of Korean colorectal cancer patients were remarkably different from those seen in Western countries in age and primary tumor site distribution. However, the differences were less evident with time. A nationwide population-based registry is required to confirm the results of the study.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy in epidermoid carcinoma of anus.

AIM AND BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the efficacy of neoadjuvant fluorouracil-cisplatin chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for anal cancer. METHODS: Fourteen patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal were analyzed. Treatment consisted of three cycles of 5-fluorouracil (1000 mg/m2 bolus on days 1-5) and cisplatin (60 mg/m2 bolus on day 1) followed by 50.4 Gy to the pelvis and perineum over 5.5 weeks. Both inguinal lymphatics were irradiated with an identical dose schedule. The median follow-up was 78 months. RESULTS: Five-year overall survival rate and sphincter preservation rate was 85.1% and 85.7%, respectively. Response to chemoradiotherapy was the only significant factor with univariate analysis (P = 0.031). There were no complications of RTOG grade 3 or higher. CONCLUSIONS: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a cisplatin-based regimen rather than concurrent regimen plus radiotherapy may decrease complications without compromising survival or sphincter preservation.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Solitary squamous cell carcinoma in the kidney after metachronous development of esophageal and lung cancer.

Solitary metastatic renal tumors are rarely encountered clinically. We report the case of a 65-year-old man who developed a solitary renal metastasis after undergoing an esophagectomy for esophageal cancer and subsequent lobectomy for lung cancer. The present case serves to demonstrate that careful follow-up is needed for esophageal cancer patients with cancer of another organ.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy in the treatment of anal cancer.

This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of the induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy in anal cancer. Twenty-three patients diagnosed with anal cancer between March 1991 and February 1999 were treated with induction chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil based regimens followed by external beam radiation. After a median follow-up of 78 months, the overall survival and the disease-free survival at 5 years was 71.3 and 67.5%, respectively. The colostomy-free survival at 5 years was 91%, as the inguinal lymph nodes were the most frequent site of relapse. Serious side effects did not occur and late complications did not develop either. Induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy in patients with anal cancer is effective in terms of its response and preserving the anal sphincter without serious acute and late complications.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reduced expression of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) in tumor tissue compared to normal epithelium in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Even though adenoviral vector is widely used in gene therapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), the expression level of Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) in SCCNH is not clearly defined. To identify this variability, the expression of CAR was measured using SCCHN cell lines and compared with transfection efficiency. It was found by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis that CAR levels varied in SCCHN cell lines. FACS analysis and adenovirus infection assay revealed that there was a good correlation between the level of CAR expression and the transfection efficiency. To identify the actual CAR expression patterns of human SCCHN tissues in vivo, immunohistochemical staining was undertaken on frozen biopsies of six SCCHN patients. In all the patients examined, the normal tissues showed much stronger staining for CAR than the tumor tissues. These results demonstrate that the level of CAR expression of a tumor should be evaluated before clinical application of adenoviral vector for gene therapy in SCCHN.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗