Biomedical subjects

Daniel V Rodriguez

Publications and source records attributed to Daniel V Rodriguez.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Induction and characterization of neoplastic bladder tumors in a transgenic porcine model.

BACKGROUND: Large animal models of bladder cancer are lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and characterize a transgenic porcine model of bladder cancer (BC) using Oncopigs expressing Cre-inducible KRASG12D and TP53R167H mutations. METHODS: Eleven female Oncopigs underwent tumor induction via three cystoscopic inoculation procedures: Procedure I (N = 3, 1 inoculation/pig), chemical dissolution of the glycosaminoglycan layer with N-Dodecyl-β-d-Maltoside DDM followed by adenoviral Cre-recombinase (AdCre) instillation; Procedure II (N = 4, 3 inoculation/pig), mechanical mucosal denudation followed by AdCre instillation; and Procedure III (N = 4, 3 inoculation/pig), cystoscopy-guided submucosal injection of AdCre. Animals were clinically monitored throughout follow-up (14-28 days). Tumor development was assessed on cystoscopy and ultrasonography, and pathologically, immunohistochemically (IHC), and genomically characterized. RESULTS: All pigs remained clinically healthy. Tumors developed at 59% (16/27) of inoculation sites: nine (33%) were neoplastic and seven (26%) were inflammatory. Procedure I achieved 100% neoplastic tumors and produced both non-muscle invasive (71%) and muscle-invasive (29%) tumors. Procedure II achieved 50% neoplastic tumors, all of which were muscle invasive (100%). Procedure III generated only inflammatory tumors. Histologically, neoplastic tumors were pathologically interpreted as urothelial cell carcinomas with sarcomatoid differentiation, with IHC confirming the presence of both epithelioid and sarcomatoid features with abundant mixed leukocytic infiltrates. Genomic analyses verified Cre-induced alterations alongside other mutations seen in human BC. CONCLUSIONS: We herein demonstrate an efficient and reproducible method for developing autochthonous neoplastic bladder tumors in Oncopigs that resemble human bladder cancer of varying stages. This large animal model facilitates the evaluation of novel surgical and intravesical therapies in BC.

bladder cancer↗

PubMed2006

Availability of diagnostic and treatment services for acute stroke in frontier counties in Montana and Northern Wyoming.

CONTEXT: Rapid diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke can lead to improved patient outcomes. Hospitals in rural and frontier counties, however, face unique challenges in providing diagnostic and treatment services for acute stroke. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the availability of key diagnostic technology and programs for acute stroke evaluation and treatment in Montana and northern Wyoming. METHODS: In 2004, hospital medical directors or their designees were mailed a survey about the availability of diagnostic technology, programs, and personnel for acute stroke care. FINDINGS: Fifty-eight of 67 (87%) hospitals responded to the survey. Seventy-nine percent (46/58) of responding hospitals were located in frontier counties, with an average bed size of 18 (11 SD). Of the hospitals in frontier counties, 44% reported emergency medical services prehospital stroke identification programs, 39% had 24-hour computed tomography capability, 44% had an emergency department stroke protocol, and 61% had a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator protocol. Thirty percent of hospitals in frontier counties reported that they met 6-10 of the criteria established by the Brain Attack Coalition to improve acute stroke care compared to 67% of hospitals in the nonfrontier counties. CONCLUSION: A stroke network model could enhance care and improve outcomes for stroke victims in frontier counties.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2005

Rural community knowledge of stroke warning signs and risk factors.

INTRODUCTION: Rapid identification and treatment of ischemic stroke can lead to improved patient outcomes. Public education campaigns in selected communities have helped to increase knowledge about stroke, but most data represent large metropolitan centers working with academic institutions. Much less is known about knowledge of stroke among residents in rural communities. METHODS: In 2004, 800 adults aged 45 years and older from two Montana counties participated in a telephone survey using unaided questions to assess awareness of stroke warning signs and risk factors. The survey also asked respondents if they had a history of atrial fibrillation, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, heart disease, or stroke. RESULTS: More than 70% of survey participants were able to correctly report two or more warning signs for stroke: numbness on any side of the face/body (45%) and speech difficulties (38%) were reported most frequently. More than 45% were able to correctly report two or more stroke risk factors: smoking (50%) and high blood pressure (44%) were reported most frequently. Respondents aged 45 to 64 years (odds ratio [OR] 2.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78-3.46), women (OR 2.02; 95% CI, 1.46-2.80), those with 12 or more years of education (OR 1.96; 95% CI, 1.08-3.56), and those with high cholesterol (OR 1.68; 95% CI, 1.17-2.42) were more likely to correctly identify two or more warning signs compared with respondents without these characteristics. Women (OR 1.48; 95% CI, 1.07-2.05) and respondents aged 45 to 64 years (OR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.01-1.81) were also more likely to correctly identify two or more stroke risk factors compared with men and older respondents. CONCLUSION: Residents of two rural counties were generally aware of stroke warning signs, but their knowledge of stroke risk factors was limited.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Perceived risk for developing stroke among older adults.

BACKGROUND: Persons who perceive their risk for stroke accurately may be more likely to engage in prevention practices to reduce their risk. METHODS: In 2004, 800 adults aged 45 years and older in two counties participated in a telephone survey to assess their perceived risk for stroke and their history of stroke risk factors. RESULTS: Overall, 39% of respondents perceived themselves to be at risk for having a stroke. In the multivariate analyses, younger age, current smoking, and a history of diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, and stroke/TIA were independently associated with perceived risk for stroke. Respondents with atrial fibrillation were no more likely to report being at risk for stroke compared to respondents without atrial fibrillation. Perceived risk for stroke increased as the number of risk factors increased. However, 46% of respondents with three or more risk factors did not perceive themselves to be at risk. CONCLUSIONS: Many adults with multiple risk factors do not perceive themselves to be at risk for stroke. Clinical and public health efforts are needed to increase awareness of the risk for stroke.

Aged↗