Biomedical subjects

Danuta Chlebna-Sokół

Publications and source records attributed to Danuta Chlebna-Sokół.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Haemophilus influenzae type b and pertussis vaccinations in preterm infants.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to evaluate the serological efficacy of Hiberix and Infanrix-DTPa vaccines in preterm infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of the investigation of 61 preterm infants immunized three times (primary vaccination) with Hiberix and Infanrix-DTPa at 6-week intervals are presented. Of the 61 children, 17 were additionally immunized with a booster dose of these vaccines. Postvaccinal response to these immunizations was evaluated by means of an immunoenzymatic method. RESULTS: We observed a significant increase in protective postvaccinal antibody titers against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Bordetella pertussis after the primary vaccination compared with the initial antibody levels (p<0.05). A significant increase (p<0.0002) in protective antibody titers after the booster dose of Hiberix compared with the primary vaccination was also noted. No correlations between birth weight, gestational age, and the achieved levels of postvaccinal anti-polyribosylribitol phosphate of Hib and of anti-pertussis toxin and anti-filamentous hemagglutinin of B. pertussis antibodies after the primary vaccination or booster dose were found. After the booster dose, all the preterm infants responded with the production of protective postvaccinal antibody titers against Hib and B. pertussis. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the very good immunogenicity of the vaccines against Hib studied, inclusion of this immunization should be proposed in the obligatory vaccination schedule in Poland, especially in preterm infants. An additional immunization (i.e. a second booster dose) of Polish children with acellular pertussis (DTPa) vaccine is necessary to protect them from decreasing protective anti-pertussis antibody titers in early childhood.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗

PubMed2005

Insulin-like growth factor-I and mineral metabolism markers in children with idiopathic decrease in bone mass.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether the serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) correlates with the mineral metabolism markers in children with idiopathic decrease in bone mass. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study comprised 62 patients aged 6-18 years, including 42 with idiopathic decrease in bone mineral density (20 with osteoporosis and 22 with osteopenia) and 20 control children. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were diagnosed on the basis of complex clinical, densitometric and biochemical examinations (in all patients secondary causes of the decreased bone mass were excluded). Serum concentration of IGF-I was determined with radioimmunoassay and IGFBP-3 using immunoradiometry. RESULTS: The children with osteoporosis and osteopenia were found to have mean IGF-I concentration statistically significantly lower than the controls (548 and 645 v. 819 ng/ml, respectively; p<0.05). Moreover, IGF-I correlated positively with total and spinal bone mineral density. In children with osteoporosis there was also a significant relationship between IGF-I and pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline in urine. CONCLUSIONS: Lower serum IGF-I concentration together with higher bone resorption and low bone mineral density reveal involvement of this growth factor in the development of idiopathic decrease of bone mass in children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Evaluation of allergic prevalence in prematurely born children].

Several data from literature suggest the potential influence of premature delivery with prolonged oxygen suplementation on prevalence of development of allergic diseases in children. The objective of the study was the retrospective analysis of 60 children aged 4 years, prematurely born, and 30 healthy children at the same age (the control group), born at term. In all children, beside detail interview and accurately clinical examination, the estimation of total IgE and specific IgE with chosen inhaled and food allergens was done. The obtained results of the studies shown twice as much prevalence of asthma in prematurely born children (33%) in comparison to these born at term (17%). However atopic dermatitis was observed more often in term children (53%) than in prematurely born children (23%).

Asthma↗

PubMed2003

[Treatment of osteoporosis and osteopenia in children--own experience].

Osteoporosis and osteopenia diagnosed in developmental age require special treatment with careful consideration of indications for particular drugs, their dosage and monitoring of treatment. The classical method, similarly as in adults, is administration of calcium and vitamin D, physical rehabilitation, treatment of fractures and pain release. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of combined therapy of decreased bone mineralization in 45 children (28 boys and 17 girls) aged 6.5 to 18 years. In 15 of them secondary osteoporosis (13/15) or osteopenia (2/15) were diagnosed, and in 30 cases the disorders were primary -16/30 and 14/30, respectively. The patients were treated from 6 months to 4 years. All patients received calcium and vitamin D preparations. In the majority of treated children calcium-rich diet and physical rehabilitation were applied, adjusted to the advancement of the disease. In 6 cases treatment with bisphosphonates was given. In our study we also present results and observations from calcitonin treatment of 35 children aged 6 to 18 years. This treatment was applied during the last 5 years in various periods--in 23 children with secondary and in 12 with primary osteoporosis. The therapy of osteoporosis and osteopenia in developmental age should always be individually assessed to disease advancement, symptoms, concomitant illnesses, age and possibilities of long-term treatment. The classical treatment includes appropriate intake of calcium, vitamin D and other vitamins and minerals (pharmacological preparations, diet), physical rehabilitation and pain release. On the basis of our observations it appears that antiresorptive drugs such as calcitonin and bisphosphonates may be used in treatment of osteoporosis in developmental age. Evaluation of treatment efficacy should involve clinical improvement and results of additional examinations, especially densitometry. Among biochemical tests, bone resorption markers (Pyr, Dpyr, CrossLaps) appeared to be the most useful; treatment of bone fractures should be evaluated by X-ray examinations.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed2003

[Etiology and clinical course of meningitis in children].

The aim of the paper was to pinpoint the etiological factors which caused meningitis, and to describe the course of the illness in the patients hospitalized in the years 1991-2000 at the observation ward of the Paediatrics Propaedeutics Clinic of the Paediatrics Institute. Etiological factors were determined in 42 of 80 cases included in the study: in 32 out of 62 purulent meningitis cases and 10 out of 18 aseptic meningitis cases. In purulent meningitis the most commonly isolated pathogens were N. meningitidis (16%), S. pneumoniae (8.1%), K. pneumoniae (4.9%) and H. influenzae type B (4.9%), where as in aseptic meningitis--mumps and herpes viruses. Despite appropriate treatment in 47% of cases there were observed complications such as hydrocephalus, brain oedema, ependymitis as well as hearing or vision impairment and failure to thrive.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Seroconversion after vaccination against pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b and poliomyelitis in preterm infants].

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to determine the levels of antibodies against Bordetella pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Poliovirus type 1 in preterm children after immunization with acellular pertussis (Infanrix-DTPa) and Hib conjugate (Hiberix) vaccines as well as inactivated vaccine against poliomyelitis (Imovax Polio). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 32 children were given 3 doses of Infanrix-DTPa and Hiberix vaccines as well as Imovax Polio vaccine. Samples of blood were taken from children 4 weeks after application the 3-rd dose of vaccines and compared with the initial levels of antibodies (seroconversion was evaluated in 32 children immunized with both infanrix-DTPa and Hiberix and in 20 ones immunized with Imovax Polio). We evaluated the postvaccinal immunity against Bordetella pertussis and Hib by means of Immunoenzymatic methods (ELISA), with commercially available test kits (Bordetella pertussis ELISA KIT, Genzyme Virotech GmbH, Rüsselsheim, Germany and BINDAZYME Human Anti Haemophilus Influenzae Enzyme Immunoassay Kit, The Binding Site, Birmingham, U.K.); antibodies against Poliovirus type 1 were assessed using neutralisation method. RESULTS: All the children (100%) demonstrated protective levels of antibodies after Immunization with 3-rd doses of Infanrix-DTPa and Hiberix. Only one child (5%) didn't respond when Imovax Polio was applied. The observed increase of postvaccinal antibodies titers as to all applied antigens was statistically significant (p < 0.05). No significant correlations between birth weight, gestational age and the achieved levels of postvaccinal antibodies were noticed. CONCLUSIONS: Our results prove that nearly all the preterm infants achieve the protective levels of antibodies against pertussis, Hib and poliomyelitis. Hiberix due to its high immunogenicity should be applied in the obligatory vaccination schedules, especially in preterm infants.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗

PubMed2003

[Bone mineralization in children with skeletal system abnormalities in relation to dietary intake of some nutrients].

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to give answers to questions: are some skeletal disorders connected with decreased mineralization and is there a coexistence with abnormalities in dietary intake of chosen nutrients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised 74 children, aged 9.1-17 years. Disturbances in skeletal system, such as: scoliosis, multiple bone fractures, Scheurmann disease and thorax deformations were diagnosed in 36 of them (examined group). The remaining 38 healthy children became a reference group. Bone mineralization was evaluated by ultrasound examination of the calcaneous with Achilles Solo plus apparatus. Speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and automatically calculated Stiffness index were analysed. In all children nutritional intake of chosen nutrients was assessed by 3-day diet interview and performed with computer program FOOD3.1. RESULTS: In the examined group the decrease of at least one of ultrasound parameters was observed in 22/36 patients, and in the reference group in 18/38; in sick children the mean relative values of Stiffness index and BUA were statistically significantly lower than in healthy ones. On the basis of DEXA examination, performed in children with skeletal disturbances, osteoporosis was diagnosed in 2 and osteopenia in 12. Such abnormalities in dietary intake of chosen nutritional compounds were found: significantly low vitamin D intake in all children, calcium deficiency in 61/74 subjects and also high natrium, potassium, phosphorus and protein consumption. In children with disturbances in the skeletal system mean natrium intake was higher than in the reference group. CONCLUSIONS: At the present stage of examinations, which are continued, there are no significant correlations between the mentioned above skeletal diseases and abnormalities in the diet. These abnormalities may lead to the decrease of bone mineralization not only in children with disorders in skeletal system, but also in healthy ones.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Frequency and some risk factors of decreased bone mineralization in a group of university students].

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of decreased bone mineralization in the group of university students and qualification of dependence between this abnormality and dietary factors and nutritional status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 110 subjects (63 females and 47 males) aged 21-26 years from Medical University of Lodz participated in this study. All persons were recognized as healthy, without any disturbances in skeletal and muscle systems reported in anamnesis. Bone mineralization was evaluated by ultrasound examination of the calcaneal bone with Achilles Solo plus apparatus. Speed of Sound (SOS), Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation (BUA) and Stiffness index were analysed. 24-hour recall of dietary intake was collected and the analysis was performed using FOOD 3.1 nutritional programme. Anthropometrical measurements were estimated (weight, height, Body Mass Index) and the body composition was analysed (percent of body fat [BF%], fat mass [FM], fat-free mass [FFM]) using near-infrared spectrophotometry with FUTREX 5000 A/ZL. RESULTS: The decreased bone mineralization was observed in 12.6% of women and in 10.6% of men. The mean values of parameters of ultrasound examination were statistically lower in the group with decreased bone mineralization; in women lower than in men. 27.7% males and 6.4% females had grade 1 overweight, 2.1% men and 17.4% women--grade 1 thinness. Diets of persons' with reduced ultrasound parameters had lower content of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, vitamin D and C, simultaneously having higher content of protein and sodium. Students with decreased bone mineralization had higher BMI, higher BF% and lower FFM. RESULTS: Persons with decreased bone mineralization had a diet with an unbalanced intake of nutrients influencing the process of shaping the peak bone mass and an incorrect nutritional status.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Assessment of bone mineralization and dietary intake of select nutritional components in school children from Łódź].

UNLABELLED: Development of bone mass, except genetic disposition, is modulated by environmental factors, especially diet. THE AIM of this study was to evaluate the skeleton mineralization and the influence of some nutritional components on bone mineralization in school children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised 170 healthy children (92 girls and 78 boys) aged of 9,1-14,7 years, attending schools in Łódź. Mean dietary intake of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, natrium, magnesium, vitamin D and protein was assessed by a 3-day diet interview. Nutritional analysis was performed by computer program Dieta2. Bone mineralization was evaluated by ultrasound examination of the calcaneous with Achilles Solo plus apparatus. Speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and automatically calculated Stiffness index were analysed. Reference values were accepted as +/- 1,00 standard deviation from mean values for sex and age (Z-score). RESULTS: A lot of abnormalities in dietary intake of chosen nutritional compounds were found: significantly low vitamin D intake in all studied school kids (mean - 23% of reference daily intake, in children with vitamin D supplementation - 36.1%), calcium deficiency in 148 children (mean daily intake - 62.1% of reference uptake) and magnesium deficiency in 82 children. In all examined subjects high natrium consumption was found (mean 659.9%) and increased protein intake in 142 and phosphorus in 127 children were observed (152.9% and 135.5% of reference daily uptake, respectively). Decreased Z-score values for Stiffness index in 37 school kids, for SOS in 75, and for BUA in 15 were observed; the lowering of at least of one of the examined parameters was found in 79 children (46.5%). Increased Stiffness index was stated in 25 subjects, SOS in 8, and BUA in 54. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study indicate that vitamin D, calcium and magnesium deficiency and evaluated consumption of natrium, protein and phosphorus are very common in the diet of school children. These abnormalities may decrease skeletal mineralization in the developmental age, and also later in the life.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of interleukin-1 and -6 in the etiopathogenesis of idiopathic osteoporosis and osteopenia in children.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to determine whether serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1and IL-6 correlate with indices of bone mineral metabolism in children with idiopathic osteoporosis and osteopenia. MATERIAL/METHODS: The study comprised 62 patients aged 6-18 years (20 with idiopathic osteoporosis, 22 with idiopathic osteopenia, and 20 controls). In 10 children, investigations were repeated after one year of treatment. Serum concentrations of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), as well as IL-6 and its soluble receptor (IL-6sR) were determined by the ELISA method. In patients with decreased bone mass, selected calcium-phosphorus metabolism indices and bone turnover markers were assessed. RESULTS: Higher values of IL-6 were recorded in those with idiopathic osteoporosis than in controls (2.79 vs. 1.43; p<0.05). In these patients there was also a tendency towards higher values of IL-6sR (p=0.05). IL-1alpha and IL-1beta were not markedly elevated in any of the patients. No significant differences between groups regarding IL-1ra were observed. Negative correlation between IL-6, IL-1alpha, cytokine/receptor indices, and spinal bone mineral density was determined. Positive correlation was found between IL-alpha, IL-1/IL-1ra, and parathormon as well as between IL-1alpha, IL-6sR, and bone formation markers.markers. Increase in bone mass after treatment was accompanied by a decrease in IL-6sR. CONCLUSIONS: The higher serum levels of IL-6 in children with idiopathic osteoporosis/osteopenia and the decrease in IL-6sR after treatment reveal an involvement of IL-6 in the etiopathogenesis of these disturbances. The results suggest that IL-1 may also participate in the primary decrease of bone mass in children.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗