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David J Anstee

Publications and source records attributed to David J Anstee.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Targeted gene deletion demonstrates that the cell adhesion molecule ICAM-4 is critical for erythroblastic island formation.

Erythroid progenitors differentiate in erythroblastic islands, bone marrow niches composed of erythroblasts surrounding a central macrophage. Evidence suggests that within islands adhesive interactions regulate erythropoiesis and apoptosis. We are exploring whether erythroid intercellular adhesion molecule 4 (ICAM-4), an immunoglobulin superfamily member, participates in island formation. Earlier, we identified alpha(V) integrins as ICAM-4 counterreceptors. Because macrophages express alpha(V), ICAM-4 potentially mediates island attachments. To test this, we generated ICAM-4 knock-out mice and developed quantitative, live cell techniques for harvesting intact islands and for re-forming islands in vitro. We observed a 47% decrease in islands reconstituted from ICAM-4 null marrow compared to wild-type marrow. We also found a striking decrease in islands formed in vivo in knock-out mice. Further, peptides that block ICAM-4/alpha(V) adhesion produced a 53% to 57% decrease in reconstituted islands, strongly suggesting that ICAM-4 binding to macrophage alpha(V) functions in island integrity. Importantly, we documented that alpha(V) integrin is expressed in macrophages isolated from erythroblastic islands. Collectively, these data provide convincing evidence that ICAM-4 is critical in erythroblastic island formation via ICAM-4/alpha(V) adhesion and also demonstrate that the novel experimental strategies we developed will be valuable in exploring molecular mechanisms of erythroblastic island formation and their functional role in regulating erythropoiesis.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

CD151, the first member of the tetraspanin (TM4) superfamily detected on erythrocytes, is essential for the correct assembly of human basement membranes in kidney and skin.

Tetraspanins are thought to facilitate the formation of multiprotein complexes at cell surfaces, but evidence illuminating the biologic importance of this role is sparse. Tetraspanin CD151 forms very stable laminin-binding complexes with integrins alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta1 in kidney and alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta4 in skin. It is encoded by a gene at the same position on chromosome 11p15.5 as the MER2 blood group gene. We show that CD151 expresses the MER2 blood group antigen and is located on erythrocytes. We examined CD151 in 3 MER2-negative patients (2 are sibs) of Indian Jewish origin with end-stage kidney disease. In addition to hereditary nephritis the sibs have sensorineural deafness, pretibial epidermolysis bullosa, and beta-thalassemia minor. The 3 patients are homozygous for a single nucleotide insertion (G383) in exon 5 of CD151, causing a frameshift and premature stop signal at codon 140. The resultant truncated protein would lack its integrin-binding domain. We conclude that CD151 is essential for the proper assembly of the glomerular and tubular basement membrane in kidney, has functional significance in the skin, is probably a component of the inner ear, and could play a role in erythropoiesis.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed2003

Identification of critical amino-acid residues on the erythroid intercellular adhesion molecule-4 (ICAM-4) mediating adhesion to alpha V integrins.

Intercellular adhesion molecule-4 (ICAM-4, syn. LW glycoprotein) interacts with the integrins alpha(L)beta(2), alpha(M)beta(2), A(4)beta(1), the alpha(V) family, and alpha(IIb)beta(3). Systematic mutagenesis of surface-exposed residues conserved between human and murine ICAM-4 defined 12 single amino-acid changes that affect the interaction of ICAM-4 with alpha(V) integrins. Mutation of 10 of these residues, 8 of which are spatially close on the surface of the molecule, led to a reduction in adhesion. Moreover, peptides corresponding to regions of ICAM-4 involved in its interaction with alpha(V) integrins inhibited these interactions. The other 2 mutations increased the extent of interaction of ICAM-4 with alpha(V) integrins. These mutations appear to prevent glycosylation of N160, suggesting that changes in glycosylation may modulate ICAM-4-alpha(V) integrin interactions. The region of ICAM-4 identified as the binding site for alpha(V) integrins is adjacent to the binding sites for alpha(L)beta(2) and alpha(M)beta(2). Selective binding of ICAM-4 to different integrins may be important for a variety of normal red cell functions and also relevant to the pathology of thrombotic disorders and vasoocclusive events in sickle cell disease. Our findings suggest the feasibility of developing selective inhibitors of ICAM-4-integrin adhesion of therapeutic value in these diseases.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

A band 3-based macrocomplex of integral and peripheral proteins in the RBC membrane.

We have studied the membrane proteins of band 3 anion exchanger (AE1)-deficient mouse and human red blood cells. It has been shown previously that proteins of the band 3 complex are reduced or absent in these cells. In this study we show that proteins of the Rh complex are also greatly reduced (Rh-associated glycoprotein, Rh polypeptides, CD47, glycophorin B) or absent (LW). These observations suggest that the Rh complex is associated with the band 3 complex in healthy RBCs. Mouse band 3(-/-) RBCs differed from the human band 3-deficient RBCs in that they retained CD47. Aquaporin 1 was reduced, and its glycosylation was altered in mouse and human band 3-deficient RBCs. Proteins of the glycophorin C complex, and other proteins with independent cytoskeletal interactions, were present in normal or increased amounts. To obtain direct evidence for the association of the band 3 and the Rh protein complexes in the RBC, we examined whether Rh complex proteins were coimmunoprecipitated with band 3 from membranes. RhAG and Rh were found to be efficiently coimmunoprecipitated with band 3 from deoxycholate-solubilized membranes. Results suggest that band 3 forms the core of a macrocomplex of integral and peripheral RBC membrane proteins. The presence of these proteins in a single structural macrocomplex makes it likely that they have linked functional or regulatory roles. We speculate that this macrocomplex may function as an integrated CO(2)/O(2) gas exchange unit (metabolon) in the erythrocyte.

Amino Acid Substitution↗
PubMed2002

Novel secreted isoform of adhesion molecule ICAM-4: potential regulator of membrane-associated ICAM-4 interactions.

Intercellular adhesion molecule-4 (ICAM-4), a newly characterized adhesion molecule, is expressed early in human erythropoiesis and functions as a ligand for binding alpha4beta1 and alphaV integrin-expressing cells. Within the bone marrow, erythroblasts surround central macrophages forming erythroblastic islands. Evidence suggests that these islands are highly specialized subcompartments where cell adhesion events, in concert with cytokines, play critical roles in regulating erythropoiesis and apoptosis. Since erythroblasts express alpha4beta1 and ICAM-4 and macrophages exhibit alphaV, ICAM-4 is an attractive candidate for mediating cellular interactions within erythroblastic islands. To determine whether ICAM-4 binding properties are conserved across species, we first cloned and sequenced the murine homologue. The translated amino acid sequence showed 68% overall identity with human ICAM-4. Using recombinant murine ICAM-4 extracellular domains, we discovered that hematopoietic alpha4beta1- expressing HEL cells and nonhematopoietic alphaV-expressing FLY cells adhered to mouse ICAM-4. Cell adhesion studies showed that FLY and HEL cells bound to mouse and human proteins with similar avidity. These data strongly suggest conservation of integrin-binding properties across species. Importantly, we characterized a novel second splice cDNA that would be predicted to encode an ICAM-4 isoform, lacking the membrane-spanning domain. Erythroblasts express both isoforms of ICAM-4. COS-7 cells transfected with green flourescent protein constructs of prototypic or novel ICAM-4 cDNA showed different cellular localization patterns. Moreover, analysis of tissue culture medium revealed that the novel ICAM-4 cDNA encodes a secreted protein. We postulate that secretion of this newly described isoform, ICAM-4S, may modulate binding of membrane-associated ICAM-4 and could thus play a critical regulatory role in erythroblast molecular attachments.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An N-terminal GFP tag does not alter the functional expression to the plasma membrane of red cell and kidney anion exchanger (AE1) in mammalian cells.

Two isoforms of the band 3 anion exchanger are expressed in mammalian cells, a 911 residue protein (B3) in red cells, and a truncated protein (KB3) in the alpha-intercalated cells of the kidney. Mutants of both isoforms are known to be associated with human disease, and mistargeting of the mutated proteins has been suggested as the mechanism of pathogenesis in several cases but has been difficult to prove. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of using confocal microscopy for investigating the targeting of homozygous and heterozygous B3 and KB3 mutants. K562 erythroleukemia cells offer several advantages for the stable expression of B3, but have not previously been used for its visualization. A wide range of cell attachment factors, growth conditions, fixation reagents and primary antibodies were investigated to enable imaging of B3 and endogenous GPA by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy in stable K562/B3 clones. B3 co-localized with GPA at the cell surface and also in an intracellular compartment. Functional cell surface expression of KB3 in stable K562 clones was also obtained. Importantly, both B3 and KB3 could be expressed as stable fusion proteins tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) in K562 cells, and it was demonstrated that N-terminal GFP-tagging does not affect the targeting or chloride transport properties of B3 or KB3. The use of GFP as well as double-labelling methods developed for immunostaining will be invaluable for investigating the interactions of band 3 with itself and other proteins during its trafficking in erythroid and kidney cells. This will help elucidate how band 3 mutations can cause human diseases such as hereditary spherocytosis and distal renal tubular acidosis.

Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte↗