Biomedical subjects

David Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to David Zhang.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Pulmonary fibrosis after COVID-19 is characterized by airway abnormalities and elevated club cell secretory protein-16.

BACKGROUNDThere are no known serum biomarkers that provide mechanistic insight or prognostic enrichment for post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis.METHODSWe tested associations of serum biomarkers with radiographic fibrosis-like abnormalities (reticulation, traction bronchiectasis, or honeycombing) on thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans 4 months, 15 months, and 3 years after hospitalization in an American discovery cohort of severe-to-critical COVID-19 survivors, and externally validated findings in 2 Canadian cohorts of moderate-to-critical COVID-19 survivors. In the discovery cohort, we investigated the dose-response relationship of the biomarker with CT-derived airway-to-lung ratio. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of transbronchial lung biopsies from COVID-19 survivors obtained 3 years after COVID-19 hospitalization and conducted immunofluorescence analysis of COVID-19 lung explants.RESULTSAmong 150 discovery cohort participants, only higher levels of circulating club cell secretory protein-16 (CC16, encoded by the SCGB1A1 gene) at hospital discharge, 4 months, 15 months, and 3 years were associated with thoracic CT fibrosis-like abnormalities in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Higher CC16 levels were associated with thoracic CT fibrosis-like abnormalities in 2 validation cohorts (n = 56 and n = 37). CC16 levels were linearly associated with increased airway-to-lung ratio. scRNA-seq revealed increased proportions of epithelial cells expressing SCGB1A1 and SCGB1A1/MUC5B in COVID-19 survivors with fibrosis. Immunofluorescence analysis of COVID-19 lung explants demonstrated increased numbers of SCGB1A1-expressing epithelial cells only in small (<100 μm) airways, with 3-fold more CC16/MUC5B-coexpressing cells in respiratory bronchioles..CONCLUSION. Higher CC16 levels are associated with CT fibrosis-like abnormalities for up to 3 years following moderate-to-critical COVID-19. Increased CC16 reflects dysregulated small airway epithelial progenitor cell remodeling and increased expansion of CC16+MUC5B+ epithelial cells in respiratory bronchioles after COVID-19.TRIAL REGISTRATIONNot applicable.FUNDINGDepartment of Defense, NIH, and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists.

Humans↗

PubMed2025

Rare variants and survival of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: analysis of a multicentre, observational cohort study with independent validation.

BACKGROUND: Rare pathogenic variants in telomere-related genes are associated with poorer clinical outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We aimed to assess whether rare qualifying variants in monogenic adult-onset pulmonary fibrosis genes are associated with IPF survival. Using polygenic risk scores (PRS), we also evaluated the influence of common IPF risk variants in patients carrying the qualifying variants. METHODS: We identified qualifying variants in telomere and non-telomere genes using whole-genome sequences from individuals clinically diagnosed with IPF and enrolled in the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry (PFFPR), a large multicentre, observational cohort study (March 29, 2016 to June 15, 2018, n=888). We also derived a PRS for IPF (PRS-IPF) from known common sentinel IPF variants. The primary outcome was the association between qualifying variants and survival. The secondary outcome was the association between qualifying variants and PRS-IPF. We used logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age at diagnosis, and principal components of genetic heterogeneity to examine the mutual relationship of qualifying variants and PRS-IPF. The association between qualifying variants and PRS-IPF with survival was tested using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for baseline confounders. Validation of the results was sought in data from an independent multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study of IPF in the UK (PROFILE, May 17, 2010 to Sept 5, 2017, n=472), and results were meta-analysed under a fixed-effects model. FINDINGS: We included 888 patients from PFFPR and 472 from PROFILE, totalling 1360 participants. In the PFFPR, carriers of qualifying variants in monogenic adult-onset pulmonary fibrosis genes were associated with lower PRS-IPF (odds ratio 1·79 [95% CI 1·15-2·81]; p=0·010) and shorter survival (hazard ratio 1·53 [1·12-2·10]; p=7·33 × 10-3). Individuals with the lowest PRS-IPF also had worse survival (1·61 [1·25-2·07]; p=1·87 × 10-4). These findings were validated in PROFILE and the meta-analysis of the results showed a consistent direction of effect across both cohorts. INTERPRETATION: We found non-additive effects between qualifying variants and common risk variants in IPF survival, suggesting distinct disease subtypes and raising the possibility of using PRS to guide sequencing prioritisation. Assessing the carrier status for qualifying variants and modelling PRS-IPF promises to further contribute to predicting disease progression among patients with IPF. FUNDING: Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Instituto Tecnológico y de Eenergías Renovables; Cabildo Insular de Tenerife; Fundación DISA; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the US National Institutes of Health; and UK Medical Research Council.

Humans↗

PubMed2025

Associations of High Attenuation Area-Related Proteomic Biomarkers with Fibrotic or Subpleural Interstitial Lung Abnormalities.

Rationale: High-attenuation area (HAA) is a computed tomography (CT) tool that correlates with lung inflammation and fibrosis. Systemic molecular correlates of HAA (e.g., plasma proteins) may inform biological processes involved in interstitial lung disease. Objectives: To identify plasma proteins that associate with HAA and correlate with a higher probability of developing new-onset fibrotic or subpleural interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs). Methods: Plasma protein levels were measured using a semiquantitative aptamer-based platform in MESA (the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; N = 5,486) and SPIROMICS (Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study; N = 1,781). Linear regression models identified HAA-associated proteins after adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic factors, CT scanner parameters, study center, and batch. Associations of HAA-related proteins with new-onset fibrotic or subpleural ILAs were examined in MESA participants with ILA assessments on full-lung CT 10 years later. Immunohistochemical staining of select proteins was performed in lung tissue from pulmonary fibrosis cases. Measurements and Main Results: There were 75 proteins detected that were significantly associated with HAA in MESA and SPIROMICS. Gene Ontology analysis of these proteins identified processes involved in immune cell chemotaxis and cellular growth and apoptosis. Seven proteins were associated with a higher probability of new-onset fibrotic or subpleural ILAs in MESA, and two of these, junctional adhesion molecule-like protein and GTP cyclohydrolase 1 feedback regulatory protein, stained in areas of fibrosis in lung tissue from patients with interstitial lung disease. Conclusions: Plasma proteins associated with more HAA are involved in immune and cellular processes and associate with new-onset fibrotic-subpleural ILA.

Humans↗

PubMed2024

Bidirectional Risk Modulator and Modifier Variant of Dilated and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in BAG3.

IMPORTANCE: The genetic factors that modulate the reduced penetrance and variable expressivity of heritable dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are largely unknown. BAG3 genetic variants have been implicated in both DCM and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), nominating BAG3 as a gene that harbors potential modifier variants in DCM. OBJECTIVE: To interrogate the clinical traits and diseases associated with BAG3 coding variation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a cross-sectional study in the Penn Medicine BioBank (PMBB) enrolling patients of the University of Pennsylvania Health System's clinical practice sites from 2014 to 2023. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was linked to electronic health record (EHR) data to associate BAG3 coding variants with EHR phenotypes. This was a health care population-based study including individuals of European and African genetic ancestry in the PMBB with WES linked to EHR phenotypes, with replication studies in BioVU, UK Biobank, MyCode, and DCM Precision Medicine Study. EXPOSURES: Carrier status for BAG3 coding variants. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Association of BAG3 coding variation with clinical diagnoses, echocardiographic traits, and longitudinal outcomes. RESULTS: In PMBB (n = 43 731; median [IQR] age, 65 [50-76] years; 21 907 female [50.1%]), among 30 324 European and 11 198 African individuals, the common C151R variant was associated with decreased risk for DCM (odds ratio [OR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78-0.92) and simultaneous increased risk for HCM (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.25-2.02), which was confirmed in the replication cohorts. C151R carriers exhibited improved longitudinal outcomes compared with noncarriers as assessed by age at death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.96; median [IQR] age, 71.8 [63.1-80.7] in carriers and 70.3 [61.6-79.2] in noncarriers) and heart transplant (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66-0.99; median [IQR] age, 56.7 [46.1-63.1] in carriers and 55.6 [45.2-62.9] in noncarriers). C151R was associated with reduced risk of DCM (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.24-0.74) and heart failure (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.14-0.50) among individuals harboring truncating TTN variants in exons with high cardiac expression (n = 358). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: BAG3 C151R was identified as a bidirectional modulator of risk along the DCM-HCM spectrum, as well as an important genetic modifier variant in TTN-mediated DCM. This work expands on the understanding of the etiology and penetrance of DCM, suggesting that BAG3 C151R is an important genetic modifier variant contributing to the variable expressivity of DCM, warranting further exploration of its mechanisms and of genetic modifiers in DCM more broadly.

Humans↗

PubMed2006

Baseline wander correction in pulse waveforms using wavelet-based cascaded adaptive filter.

Pulse diagnosis is a convenient, inexpensive, painless, and non-invasive diagnosis method. Quantifying pulse diagnosis is to acquire and record pulse waveforms by a set of sensor firstly, and then analyze these pulse waveforms. However, respiration and artifact motion during pulse waveform acquisition can introduce baseline wander. It is necessary, therefore, to remove the pulse waveform's baseline wander in order to perform accurate pulse waveform analysis. This paper presents a wavelet-based cascaded adaptive filter (CAF) to remove the baseline wander of pulse waveform. To evaluate the level of baseline wander, we introduce a criterion: energy ratio (ER) of pulse waveform to its baseline wander. If the ER is more than a given threshold, the baseline wander can be removed only by cubic spline estimation; otherwise it must be filtered by, in sequence, discrete Meyer wavelet filter and the cubic spline estimation. Compared with traditional methods such as cubic spline estimation, morphology filter and Linear-phase finite impulse response (FIR) least-squares-error digital filter, the experimental results on 50 simulated and 500 real pulse signals demonstrate the power of CAF filter both in removing baseline wander and in preserving the diagnostic information of pulse waveforms. This CAF filter also can be used to remove the baseline wander of other physiological signals, such as ECG and so on.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2006

A comparative study of 200 fine needle aspiration biopsies performed by clinicians and cytopathologists.

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is a useful tool in the diagnosis and management of suspicious masses. Most FNA biopsies of palpable masses can be performed without radioguidance by either clinicians or cytopathologists; however, it is unclear if there is a difference in the diagnostic yield of the procedure based on who performs the FNA. We reviewed the FNA biopsy results of 200 patients presenting with head and neck masses to a tertiary care center from 2003 to 2004. One hundred FNA biopsies were performed by clinicians and 100 performed by cytopathologists. Seventy-one underwent subsequent surgical biopsy or definitive surgery. Results of the FNA biopsies performed by the clinicians and the cytopathologists were compared based on the percentages of FNAs that were diagnostic, suspicious/suggestive, and nondiagnostic. Additionally, the pathology results of the 71 surgical biopsies or resections were compared with the preoperative FNA results. Of the 100 FNA biopsies performed by cytopathologists, 83% were diagnostic, 10% were suspicious/suggestive, and 7% were nondiagnostic. Of the 100 FNA biopsies performed by clinicians, 24% were diagnostic, 43% were suspicious/suggestive, and 33% were nondiagnostic. Cytopathologists achieved significantly better results (P<.0001, two-tailed t-test). Of the 71 cases with surgical follow up (50 by cytopathologists and 21 by clinicians), 94% of cases performed by cytopathologists and 67% of those performed by clinicians show agreement with final surgical pathology results. Overall, the FNAs performed by cytopathologists show significantly better diagnostic accuracy (P=.0002134, two-tailed t-test). FNA provides valuable information in the workup of suspicious head and neck masses. Cytopathologists may achieve significantly better results.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle↗

PubMed2006

Personal recognition using hand shape and texture.

This paper proposes a new bimodal biometric system using feature-level fusion of hand shape and palm texture. The proposed combination is of significance since both the palmprint and hand-shape images are proposed to be extracted from the single hand image acquired from a digital camera. Several new hand-shape features that can be used to represent the hand shape and improve the performance are investigated. The new approach for palmprint recognition using discrete cosine transform coefficients, which can be directly obtained from the camera hardware, is demonstrated. None of the prior work on hand-shape or palmprint recognition has given any attention on the critical issue of feature selection. Our experimental results demonstrate that while majority of palmprint or hand-shape features are useful in predicting the subjects identity, only a small subset of these features are necessary in practice for building an accurate model for identification. The comparison and combination of proposed features is evaluated on the diverse classification schemes; naive Bayes (normal, estimated, multinomial), decision trees (C4.5, LMT), k-NN, SVM, and FFN. Although more work remains to be done, our results to date indicate that the combination of selected hand-shape and palmprint features constitutes a promising addition to the biometrics-based personal recognition systems.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2006

BDPCA plus LDA: a novel fast feature extraction technique for face recognition.

Appearance-based methods, especially linear discriminant analysis (LDA), have been very successful in facial feature extraction, but the recognition performance of LDA is often degraded by the so-called "small sample size" (SSS) problem. One popular solution to the SSS problem is principal component analysis (PCA) + LDA (Fisherfaces), but the LDA in other low-dimensional subspaces may be more effective. In this correspondence, we proposed a novel fast feature extraction technique, bidirectional PCA (BDPCA) plus LDA (BDPCA + LDA), which performs an LDA in the BDPCA subspace. Two face databases, the ORL and the Facial Recognition Technology (FERET) databases, are used to evaluate BDPCA + LDA. Experimental results show that BDPCA + LDA needs less computational and memory requirements and has a higher recognition accuracy than PCA + LDA.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2006

Bidirectional PCA with assembled matrix distance metric for image recognition.

Principal component analysis (PCA) has been very successful in image recognition. Recent research on PCA-based methods has mainly concentrated on two issues, namely: 1) feature extraction and 2) classification. This paper proposes to deal with these two issues simultaneously by using bidirectional PCA (BD-PCA) supplemented with an assembled matrix distance (AMD) metric. For feature extraction, BD-PCA is proposed, which can be used for image feature extraction by reducing the dimensionality in both column and row directions. For classification, an AMD metric is presented to calculate the distance between two feature matrices and then the nearest neighbor and nearest feature line classifiers are used for image recognition. The results of the experiments show the efficiency of BD-PCA with AMD metric in image recognition.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2006

Analysis of brute-force break-ins of a palmprint authentication system.

Biometric authentication systems are widely applied because they offer inherent advantages over classical knowledge-based and token-based personal-identification approaches. This has led to the development of products using palmprints as biometric traits and their use in several real applications. However, as biometric systems are vulnerable to replay, database, and brute-force attacks, such potential attacks must be analyzed before biometric systems are massively deployed in security systems. This correspondence proposes a projected multinomial distribution for studying the probability of successfully using brute-force attacks to break into a palmprint system. To validate the proposed model, we have conducted a simulation. Its results demonstrate that the proposed model can accurately estimate the probability. The proposed model indicates that it is computationally infeasible to break into the palmprint system using brute-force attacks.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2005

Amplification of circularizable probes for the detection of target nucleic acids and proteins.

BACKGROUND: Circularizable oligonucleotide probe (C-probe) is a unique molecule that offers significant advantages over conventional probes. METHODS: Closed circular structure can be formed through ligation of the juxtaposed ends of the C-probe after hybridization with a target, and subsequently locked onto its target through the helical turns formed between the complementary sequences of the target and the C-probe (padlock probe). Under isothermal condition, C-probe can be amplified by rolling circle amplification (RCA) to generate multimeric single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). This multimeric ssDNA can be further amplified by a ramification mechanism (RAM) through primer extension and downstream DNA displacement, resulting in an exponential amplification. Usually, an unbiased product is generated by either RCA or ramification amplification method (or RAM) due to the generic primers of C-probe and its localization onto DNA targets. CONCLUSIONS: These advantages make C-probe amplification very useful for research and molecular diagnosis, especially in areas where other techniques were proved to be inadequate. The development of C-probe-based technologies offers a promising prospect for molecular diagnosis. The applications of C-probe, RCA, RAM, in situ detection, microarray, immunoassay, single nucleotide polymorphism, and whole genome amplification, etc. are discussed in this review.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Interlaboratory transfer of a PCR multiplex method for simultaneous detection of four genetically modified maize lines: Bt11, MON810, T25, and GA21.

The number of cultured hectares and commercialized genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has increased exponentially in the past 9 years. Governments in many countries have established a policy of labeling all food and feed containing or produced by GMOs. Consequently, versatile, laboratory-transferable GMO detection methods are in increasing demand. Here, we describe a qualitative PCR-based multiplex method for simultaneous detection and identification of four genetically modified maize lines: Bt11, MON810, T25, and GA21. The described system is based on the use of five primers directed to specific sequences in these insertion events. Primers were used in a single optimized multiplex PCR reaction, and sequences of the amplified fragments are reported. The assay allows amplification of the MON810 event from the 35S promoter to the hsp intron yielding a 468 bp amplicon. Amplification of the Bt11 and T25 events from the 35S promoter to the PAT gene yielded two different amplicons of 280 and 177 bp, respectively, whereas amplification of the 5' flanking region of the GA21 gave rise to an amplicon of 72 bp. These fragments are clearly distinguishable in agarose gels and have been reproduced successfully in a different laboratory. Hence, the proposed method comprises a rapid, simple, reliable, and sensitive (down to 0.05%) PCR-based assay, suitable for detection of these four GM maize lines in a single reaction.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2005

Semi-parametric and non-parametric methods for clinical trials with incomplete data.

Last observation carried forward (LOCF) and analysis using only data from subjects who complete a trial (Completers) are commonly used techniques for analysing data in clinical trials with incomplete data when the endpoint is change from baseline at last scheduled visit. We propose two alternative methods. The semi-parametric method, which cumulates changes observed between consecutive time points, is conceptually similar to the familiar life-table method and corresponding Kaplan-Meier estimation when the primary endpoint is time to event. A non-parametric analogue of LOCF is obtained by carrying forward, not the observed value, but the rank of the change from baseline at the last observation for each subject. We refer to this method as the LRCF method. Both procedures retain the simplicity of LOCF and Completers analyses and, like these methods, do not require data imputation or modelling assumptions. In the absence of any incomplete data they reduce to the usual two-sample tests. In simulations intended to reflect chronic diseases that one might encounter in practice, LOCF was observed to produce markedly biased estimates and markedly inflated type I error rates when censoring was unequal in the two treatment arms. These problems did not arise with the Completers, Cumulative Change, or LRCF methods. Cumulative Change and LRCF were more powerful than Completers, and the Cumulative Change test provided more efficient estimates than the Completers analysis, in all simulations. We conclude that the Cumulative Change and LRCF methods are preferable to LOCF and Completers analyses. Mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) performed similarly to Cumulative Change and LRCF and makes somewhat less restrictive assumptions about missingness mechanisms, so that it is also a reasonable alternative to LOCF and Completers analyses.

Alzheimer Disease↗

PubMed2005

Cytology applications of p63 and TTF-1 immunostaining in differential diagnosis of lung cancers.

The pathologic distinction of small cell from non-small cell-lung carcinoma is of considerable therapeutic significance. In particular, the ability to distinguish poorly differentiated non-small-cell lung cancer from small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is at times difficult based upon morphology alone; available immunohistochemical markers such as neuroendocrine markers are of limited utility. We have demonstrated the role of p63 and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in the differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated squamous-cell carcinoma (PDSCC) versus SCLC, mostly in biopsy samples (Wu et al., American Journal of Clinical Pathology 2003;119:696-702). Here, we examine further the utility of this panel in cytologic cell-block samples of lung cancers including both primary and metastatic cancers of pulmonary origin, and cases of nonpulmonary cancers metastatic to lung in which differential diagnoses included a lung primary.Four-micron thick sections of 30 alcohol-fixed paraffin-embedded cell blocks from 14 lung FNAs, 6 liver FNAs, 3 bronchial washings, 1 subcarinal lymph node FNA, 1 iliac lymph node FNA, 1 pelvic mass FNA, 1 neck lymph node FNA, 1 adrenal FNA, and 1 pleural effusion were deparaffinized and stained with monoclonal antibodies reactive to p63 (1:800, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and TTF-1 (1:50, Dako). Slides were stained for p63 using a streptavidin-biotin kit (BioGenex) and diaminobenzidine as chromagen, and counterstained with hematoxylin. Slides were stained for TTF-1 using a Dako Autostainer. Thirty cases were examined, including 8 primary SCLCs, 8 extra-pulmonary metastases of lung SCLCs, 4 PDSCCs and 4 primary pulmonary adenocarcinomas, and 6 nonpulmonary adenocarcinomas metastatic to lung or other sites. Fifteen out of 16 (94%) SCLC cases were p63-/TTF-1+, ranging in intensity from focal-weak to diffuse-strong; 1/16 SCLCs from a bronchial washing was p63-/TTF-1- but synaptophysin was positive. All 4 primary lung adenocarcinoma cases were p63-/TTF-1+; contrasting with nonpulmonary adenocarcinomas that were all p63-/TTF-1-. All 4 PDSCC cases were p63+/TTF-1-. The panel of p63 and TTF-1 appears to be useful in the diagnostic evaluation of cytologic cell-block samples of pulmonary malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2005

Wavelet-based cascaded adaptive filter for removing baseline drift in pulse waveforms.

This paper presents an energy ratio-based method and a wavelet-based cascaded adaptive filter (CAF) for detecting and removing baseline drift from pulse waveforms. Experiments on 50 simulated and five hundred real pulse signals demonstrate that this CAF outperforms traditional filters both in removing baseline drift and in preserving the diagnostic information of pulse waveforms.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2005

The bi-elliptical deformable contour and its application to automated tongue segmentation in Chinese medicine.

Automated tongue image segmentation, in Chinese medicine, is difficult due to two special factors: 1) there are many pathological details on the surface of the tongue, which have a large influence on edge extraction; 2) the shapes of the tongue bodies captured from various persons (with different diseases) are quite different, so they are impossible to describe properly using a predefined deformable template. To address these problems, in this paper, we propose an original technique that is based on a combination of a bi-elliptical deformable template (BEDT) and an active contour model, namely the bi-elliptical deformable contour (BEDC). The BEDT captures gross shape features by using the steepest decent method on its energy function in the parameter space. The BEDC is derived from the BEDT by substituting template forces for classical internal forces, and can deform to fit local details. Our algorithm features fully automatic interpretation of tongue images and a consistent combination of global and local controls via the template force. We apply the BEDC to a large set of clinical tongue images and present experimental results.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2005

KPCA plus LDA: a complete kernel Fisher discriminant framework for feature extraction and recognition.

This paper examines the theory of kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFD) in a Hilbert space and develops a two-phase KFD framework, i.e., kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) plus Fisher linear discriminant analysis (LDA). This framework provides novel insights into the nature of KFD. Based on this framework, the authors propose a complete kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (CKFD) algorithm. CKFD can be used to carry out discriminant analysis in "double discriminant subspaces." The fact that, it can make full use of two kinds of discriminant information, regular and irregular, makes CKFD a more powerful discriminator. The proposed algorithm was tested and evaluated using the FERET face database and the CENPARMI handwritten numeral database. The experimental results show that CKFD outperforms other KFD algorithms.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2005

Computerized diagnosis from tongue appearance using quantitative feature classification.

This study investigates relationships between diseases and the appearance of the human tongue in terms of quantitative features. The experimental samples are digital tongue images captured from three groups of candidates: one group in normal health, one suffering with appendicitis, and a third suffering with pancreatitis. For the purposes of diagnostic classification, we first extract chromatic and textural measurements from original tongue images. A feature selection procedure then identifies the measures most relevant to the classifications, based on which of the three tongue image categories are clearly separated. This study validates the use of tongue inspection by means of quantitative feature classification in medical diagnosis.

Appendicitis↗