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Dean Eliott

Publications and source records attributed to Dean Eliott.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2024

Genome-wide association study of the common retinal disorder epiretinal membrane: Significant risk loci in each of three American populations.

Epiretinal membrane (ERM) is a common retinal condition characterized by the presence of fibrocellular tissue on the retinal surface, often with visual distortion and loss of visual acuity. We studied European American (EUR), African American (AFR), and Latino (admixed American, AMR) ERM participants in the Million Veteran Program (MVP) for genome-wide association analysis-a total of 38,232 case individuals and 557,988 control individuals. We completed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in each population separately, and then results were meta-analyzed. Genome-wide significant (GWS) associations were observed in all three populations studied: 31 risk loci in EUR subjects, 3 in AFR, and 2 in AMR, with 48 in trans-ancestry meta-analysis. Many results replicated in the FinnGen sample. Several GWS variants associate to alterations in gene expression in the macula. ERM showed significant genetic correlation to multiple traits. Pathway enrichment analyses implicated collagen and collagen-adjacent mechanisms, among others. This well-powered ERM GWAS identified novel genetic associations that point to biological mechanisms for ERM.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Purtscher's retinopathy that occurred 6 months before acute pancreatitis.

PURPOSE: To report Purtscher's retinopathy in a patient with chronic pancreatitis 6 months before the development of fulminant acute pancreatitis. DESIGN: Observational case report. METHODS: Review of clinical chart, photographs, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: A 45-year-old man with a history of alcohol abuse with a 3-day history of decreased vision in both eyes was examined. Diffuse retinal whitening and intraretinal hemorrhages that were consistent with Purtscher's retinopathy were present in both eyes. Serum amylase and lipase levels were normal. Six months later, he experienced intractable abdominal pain. Serum amylase and lipase levels were elevated markedly. Abdominal computed tomography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography confirmed acute pancreatitis, with evidence of coexisting chronic pancreatitis. His funduscopic examination after the development of acute pancreatitis was improved, with almost complete resolution of retinal whitening and hemorrhages. Visual acuity remained poor because of retinal ischemia. CONCLUSIONS: Purtscher's retinopathy can be associated with chronic pancreatitis and can precede the development of fulminant acute pancreatitis.

Amylases↗
PubMed2005

Near confluent laser photocoagulation for the treatment of threshold retinopathy of prematurity.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a near confluent pattern of indirect laser photocoagulation in reducing the rate of progression and re-treatment of threshold retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS: This study examined a noncomparative interventional case series. We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of patients who underwent peripheral laser ablation by 1 surgeon for threshold retinopathy of prematurity from 1997 to 2002. A total of 58 eyes from 31 patients were treated, and 44 eyes of 23 patients were included in the study. Ten eyes of 5 infants had zone 1 disease, and 34 eyes of 18 infants had zone 2 disease. Laser spots were placed in a near confluent pattern in the peripheral avascular retina between the ridge of extraretinal proliferation and the ora serrata. The mean +/- SD number of laser spots was 2534 +/- 455 for zone 1 (range, 2100-3378) and 1850 +/- 487 for zone 2 (range, 1030-2689). RESULTS: In 7 eyes of 4 infants with zone 1 disease, the retinopathy regressed and did not require any further treatment. Three eyes of 2 infants, however, progressed after laser treatment and required vitrectomy surgery. Progression was defined as the development of stage 4 or 5 disease. None of the patients with zone 2 disease had progression of retinopathy, and none of them needed more than 1 treatment. Patients tolerated the procedure well, and there were no complications at the time of the procedure or at follow-up visits. CONCLUSIONS: A near confluent pattern of laser photocoagulation may reduce the rate of progression of threshold retinopathy of prematurity in zone 2 (0%). The near confluent pattern of treatment may also reduce the re-treatment rate of the disease (0%). Larger studies are needed to confirm our findings.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed2004

Optical coherence tomographic findings in pregnancy-associated central serous chorioretinopathy.

PURPOSE: To report the presence and disappearance of subretinal fibrinous exudate in pregnancy-induced central serous chorioretinopathy studied with optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: Case report. A 32-year-old woman was referred for ophthalmoscopic evaluation in her 32nd week of pregnancy, complaining of reduced vision in her right eye. RESULTS: The funduscopic examination revealed a serous detachment of the macula with subretinal exudative deposits in the right eye and a peripapillary serous detachment in the left eye. OCT sections through the right macula demonstrated serous elevation of the retina and the presence of highly reflective material in the subretinal space. Two weeks after delivery, OCT showed resolution of subretinal fluid and the disappearance of submacular exudate in the right eye. CONCLUSION: During pregnancy and immediately after delivery, OCT may provide information reflecting the relationship between the retina, subretinal space, and retinal pigment epithelium without any known adverse effects to the infant. In a patient with pregnancy-associated central serous chorioretinopathy, a highly reflective material, presumably fibrin, was detected spanning the subretinal space that was subsequently shown to disappear. This information may help us better understand the pathological retinal changes that may occur during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Reduced need for corneal epithelial debridement during vitreo-retinal surgery using two different viscous surface lubricants.

PURPOSE: Corneal clarity is frequently reduced during vitrectomy and scleral buckling surgery secondary to epithelial edema, requiring epithelial debridement to improve visibility. The presence of toxic preservatives in the corneal lubricant solutions is hypothesized to be a contributing factor to epithelial edema during vitreo-retinal surgery. DESIGN: Interventional study. METHODS: We compared prospectively the corneal clarity and epithelial debridement frequency in 71 patients within a single institution in whom either Goniosol (2.5% methylcellulose, boric acid, edetate disodium, sodium borate, potassium chloride, water, and 0.01% benzalkonium chloride) or GenTeal gel (0.3% hydoxypropyl-methylcellulose, carbopol 980, phosphonic acid, sorbitol, water, and 0.028% sodium perborate) was used as a corneal lubricant during the course of vitrectomy surgery using sutured contact lenses. Corneal clarity was subjectively graded in a scale of I to IV during surgery. Statistical analysis was made between these two groups for parametric and categorical data. RESULTS: All eyes started with a corneal clarity grade of I (best possible). Corneal clarity decreased significantly faster in eyes where Goniosol was used to a median grade of III at 1 hour of surgical time. In eyes where GenTeal gel was used, corneal clarity decreased much slower, to a median grade of I at 1 hour of surgical time. The difference in frequency of epithelial debridement was also statistically significant: 54% and 14% for Goniosol and GenTeal eyes, respectively. Other factors that may cause corneal epithelial edema and affect corneal clarity were not statistically different between the Goniosol and the GenTeal groups, including median operative time, estimated intraocular pressure, pre- and intraoperative topical solutions and medications, and number of prior ocular procedures. CONCLUSIONS: The use of GenTeal gel as a corneal lubricant maintains corneal clarity longer than Goniosol during the course of vitrectomy surgery using a contact lens viewing system, limiting the need for epithelial debridement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Rheumatoid hyperviscosity syndrome: reversibility of microvascular abnormalities after treatment.

PURPOSE: To report a case of rheumatoid hyperviscosity syndrome involving both retinal and choroidal circulation that resolved after treatment. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 58-year-old woman with clinical and serologic evidence of an inflammatory connective tissue disease without any visual complaints was referred for a funduscopic evaluation. RESULTS: Funduscopic examination revealed marked dilation and beading of the venous system, microaneurysms, and telangiectatic capillary beds in the posterior pole. Fluorescein angiography disclosed delayed choroidal filling, prolonged arteriovenous transit time, and areas of capillary nonperfusion. These findings were accompanied by a severe polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia and a 10-fold increase in serum viscosity. The ocular findings were reversible after plasmapheresis and steroid treatment. CONCLUSION: Rheumatoid hyperviscosity syndrome can involve both retinal and choroidal circulation. The prominent microvasculopathy is reversible after appropriate treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

Vitreous hemorrhage as the initial presentation of postoperative endophthalmitis.

PURPOSE: To describe a patient with postoperative endophthalmitis whose only abnormal finding at presentation was a vitreous hemorrhage. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 68-year-old diabetic woman underwent cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation in the left eye. Three days after surgery, she had painless loss of vision, minimal anterior chamber inflammation, and dense vitreous hemorrhage in the left eye. RESULTS: On the fourth postoperative day, significant anterior chamber inflammation developed with fibrin and a hypopyon. During vitrectomy with intravitreal antibiotic injection, an area of retinitis surrounding an eroded retinal blood vessel was found. Cultures of undiluted vitreous fluid grew coagulase-negative Staphylococcus organisms. The endophthalmitis resolved and 20 months later, her best-corrected visual acuity had improved to 20/40. CONCLUSION: Postoperative endophthalmitis may present as a vitreous hemorrhage, secondary to retinitis and erosion of a retinal blood vessel.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Bilateral panuveitis in a child with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral panuveitis in a patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 6-year-old African-American boy with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia presented with pain, photophobia, and decreased vision in both eyes. RESULTS: Findings included severe bilateral panuveitis with optic disk edema, macular epiretinal membrane, peripheral retinal vasculitis, and retinitis. All other known causes of panuveitis were explored and ruled out. CONCLUSIONS: The abnormal development of tissues of ectodermal origin evident in hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia may include a predisposition to panuveitis.

Child↗
PubMed2002

Ocular manifestations of injection drug use.

Injection drug use can result in a variety of severe ocular conditions. Hematogenous dissemination of various fungi and bacteria may produce endophthalmitis with resultant severe visual loss. Retinal arterial occlusive disease may result from talc and other particulate emboli. Most commonly, life-threatening systemic diseases such as endocarditis and HIV infection secondarily affect the eye. Because many of these conditions may result in blindness if untreated, accurate diagnosis and prompt initiation of therapy are essential.

Candida↗
PubMed2002

Complications of general anesthesia using nitrous oxide in eyes with preexisting gas bubbles.

PURPOSE: To present the visual and anatomical outcomes for patients with intraocular gas placed during vitreoretinal surgery who subsequently underwent surgery wherein general anesthesia with nitrous oxide was used. METHODS: The authors reviewed the charts of patients who had undergone vitreoretinal surgery where a long-acting gas tamponade had been used. These patients underwent additional surgery for a variety of reasons at five different institutions and had nitrous oxide used during general anesthesia. The authors reviewed the preoperative and postoperative findings for patients receiving nitrous oxide following vitreoretinal surgery with gas tamponade. RESULTS: The authors reviewed findings for five eyes of five patients. All eyes that underwent general anesthesia using nitrous oxide had significant preexisting intraocular gas bubbles ranging from 40% to 90%, and the surgical procedures lasted from 1 to 4 hours. These eyes were followed from 2 months to 9 years (median follow-up, 4 years). Four of five eyes had a final vision of 20/200 or worse and significant optic atrophy at the time of the last follow-up examination. Three eyes had no light perception. CONCLUSION: The use of nitrous oxide during general anesthesia in gas-filled eyes may have disastrous visual results caused by gas expansion and elevated intraocular pressure. Patients must be advised of the potentially catastrophic results of undergoing general anesthesia before their intraocular gas bubble has resorbed. The use of nitrous oxide for patients with intraocular gas should be avoided. It may be prudent for patients with intraocular gas to wear notification bracelets warning anesthesiologists about the presence of intraocular gas lest emergency surgery be needed by a patient unable to advise anesthesia personnel about the potential danger.

Anesthesia, General↗