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Biomedical subjects

Desidério Roberto Kiss

Publications and source records attributed to Desidério Roberto Kiss.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Role of biological mesh in surgical treatment of paracolostomy hernias.

BACKGROUND: Paracolostomy hernia is a frequent complication of intestinal stoma. Its correction can be made through relocation of the colostomy or by keeping it in place and performing abdominal wall reinforcement through direct suturing with or without a prosthesis. METHOD: Results of surgical treatment of paracolostomy hernias were analyzed in 22 patients who underwent surgery in our hospital during the past 15 years, with or without biological mesh (bovine pericardium). All patients had terminal colostomies after abdominoperineal excision of the rectum. RESULTS: In 15 (68.2%) patients, hernia correction was made by maintaining the colostomy in place, in 2 of them (9.1%) without reinforcement, and in the other 13 (59.1%) through reinforcement of the aponeurosis with biological mesh. In the 7 (31.8%) other patients, hernia correction was accomplished by relocation of the colostomy. The mean follow-up period was 50.2 months. Recurrence was observed in 3 (13.6%) patients after a median of 16 months post-correction. CONCLUSION: Paracolostomy hernia remains a surgical challenge due to its high recurrence rate. Primary repair using a prosthesis of biological material may be preferable since muscle-aponeurotic weakness is frequently observed.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMed2005

[Colonoscopy as a diagnostic and therapeutic method of the large bowel diseases: analysis of 2,567 exams].

BACKGROUND: Since the sixties, when the optic fibers were reported, colonoscopy had emerged as the first line imaging investigation of the colon. AIM: To review the results of diagnostic and therapeutic colonoscopy at the Discipline of Coloproctology of the University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, respecting the characteristics of an institution of medical education. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of basis related to 2,567 fibro colonoscopies between 1984 and 2002. The procedure was performed in hospitalized and in outpatients. The most common indications for colonoscopy were investigation of rectal bleeding and anemia (22.4%), change of bowel habit (14.76%), inflammatory bowel disease (8.65%) and carcinoma (7.25%). Bowel preparation with manitol was used by most of the patients. Sedation, when not contra-indicated, was administered. The most common combination was meperidine and benzodiazepine. All the exams were monitored with pulse oximeter. A normal colonoscopy to the point of maximum insertion was reported in 42.42% of procedures. The most common diagnosis was polyps (15.47%), followed by diverticular disease (12.86%). Inflammatory disease was recorded in 11.88% and carcinoma in 10.21%. Polypectomy was undertaken in 397 patients (2.21 polypectomy per patient with polyps). Colonoscopy was considered incomplete (when the colonoscope did not pass to the cecum or terminal ileum) in 181 (7.05%) cases. Perforation was reported in one patient who had a subestenosing retossigmoid tumor. In 0.42%, reasons for failing to complete the procedure included complication related to sedation, with no further prejudice for the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Colonoscopic examination of the entire colon remains the standard for visualization, biopsy and treatment of colonic affections. The incidence of complication of endoscopy of the large bowel is quite low, even in a school hospital.

Colonoscopy↗
PubMed2005

Computerized videodefecography versus defecography: do we need radiographs?

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Defecography has been recognized as a valuable method for evaluating patients with evacuation disorders. It consists of the use of static radiography and fluoroscopy to record different situations within anorectal dynamics. Conventionally, rectal parameters are measured using radiograms. It is rare for fluoroscopy alone to be used. Computer software has been developed with the specific aim of calculating these measurements from digitized videotaped images obtained during fluoroscopy, without the need for radiographic film, thereby developing a computerized videodefecography method. The objective was thus to compare measurements obtained via computerized videodefecography with conventional measurements and to discuss the advantages of the new method. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study at the radiology service of Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo. METHOD: Ten consecutive normal subjects underwent videodefecography. The anorectal angle, anorectal junction, puborectalis muscle length, anal canal length and degree of anal relaxation were obtained via the conventional method (using radiography film) and via computerized videodefecography using the ANGDIST software. Measurement and analysis of these parameters was performed by two independent physicians. RESULTS: Statistical analysis confirmed that the measurements obtained through direct radiography film assessment and using digital image analysis (computerized videodefecography) were equivalent. CONCLUSIONS: Computerized videodefecography is equivalent to the traditional defecography examination. It has the advantage of offering reduced radiation exposure through saving on the use of radiography.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Lymph node micrometastasis in stage II distal rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the presence and frequency of micrometastasis in lymph nodes of patients with rectal cancer treated by preoperative chemoradiation followed by curative resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All 56 patients included were treated with 5-FU and leucovorin plus 5,040 cGy, followed by radical surgery and were diagnosed with stage II distal rectal adenocarcinoma after complete pathological examination (ypT3-4N0M0). Immunohistochemistry was assessed with cytokeratin monoclonal antibody AE1/AE3. Three 4-microm paraffin sections were obtained from each lymph node, cut at 50 microm apart from each other. The results were reviewed by two independent pathologists. RESULTS: Mean number of lymph nodes was 9.6 per patient. Four patients (7%) and seven lymph nodes (1.35%) were positive for micrometastasis. Three patients had pT3 and one a pT4 tumor. One of the patients had positive micrometastasis and the presence of mucinous deposits. One other patient had mucinous deposits without any micrometastasis. All four patients are alive with no evidence of recurrent disease. Fourteen patients negative for micrometastasis had recurrent disease (25%), eight systemic (14.7%) and six locoregional (10.3%). There were two cancer-related deaths. The mean follow-up period was 39 months. CONCLUSION: Patients with rectal cancer treated by preoperative chemoradiation showed a surprisingly low rate of micrometastasis detection (7%), even in high-risk patients (T3 and T4 tumors). Lymph node micrometastasis was not associated with decreased overall or disease-free survival. The identification of mucinous deposits on lymph nodes with no viable tumor cells may be direct evidence of lymph node downstaging. The downstaging effect of preoperative chemoradiation therapy may be significant in reducing even micrometastasis detection in low rectal cancer managed by this treatment strategy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Surgical treatment of anal stenosis: assessment of 77 anoplasties.

PURPOSE: Anal stenosis is a rare, incapacitating, and challenging condition, occurring mainly after hemorrhoidectomy, for which several surgical techniques have been devised. The purpose of this study was to describe early and late (1 year) results of 77 anoplasty operations performed in the Colorectal Unit of our institution. METHODS: From 1977 to 2002, 77 patients with moderate to severe anal stenosis underwent surgery using two sliding graft techniques: 58 underwent Sarner's operation and 19 underwent Musiari's technique. Bilateral flaps were used in 7 patients. RESULTS: Early morbidity was due to pruritus occurring in 2 patients, urinary infection in 1, and temporary incontinence in 1 patient. One patient needed early reoperation following suture line dehiscence. Late results (1 year) were classified as good in 67 cases (87%). There was no reoperation due to recurrence of stenosis. CONCLUSION: The ease of performance, good functional results, and lack of severe complications show that Sarner's and Musiari's flap advancement techniques are effective and safe methods for surgical correction of anal stenosis, particularly when cutaneous fibrosis plays a major role in its etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Evaluation of quality of life in anal incontinence: validation of the questionnaire FIQL (Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life)].

BACKGROUND: Anal incontinence causes physical and psychological incapacity, determining impact on quality of life. However, there are no specific tools to quantify this impact in our population. AIM: The evaluation of quality of life in anal incontinence, through validation of the FIQL ("Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale"). FIQL is a questionnaire composed of 29 questions, grouped into four domains: lifestyle, behavior, depression and embarrassment. For each question, the scale ranges from 1 to 4, except questions 1 and 4, which ranges from 1-5 and 1-6, respectively. MATERIAL AND METHOD: FIQL scale underwent both translation and cultural adaptation processes, giving rise to a final Portuguese version. This version was then used in a validation study to test measurement properties (reproducibility and validity). The reproducibility was tested through application of FIQL questionnaire by two observers in 50 patients with anal incontinence. After a period of 7 to 10 days, the questionnaire was applied again by one of the observers. The constructive validity was assessed by correlating the FIQL questionnaire results with both, a generic questionnaire for quality of life (SF-36) and the Jorge-Wexner incontinence score results. The discriminative validity was evaluated comparing the results of the FIQL to incontinence group with two other groups: healthy volunteers and patient with chronic idiopathic constipation. RESULTS: The correlation among results domains of FIQL questionnaire and results of short form-36 and the incontinence score were statistically significant. The quality of life is impaired in all of domains of FIQL for incontinent patients: lifestyle: 2.4 behaviour: 2.0, depression: 2.5 and embarrassment: 1.9, when compared to healthy volunteers (3.9, 3.9, 4.1 and 4.0), and patients with chronic constipation (3.7, 3.8, 3.6 and 3.8), respectively. CONCLUSION: The FIQL questionnaire is effective and reproducible in its measuring properties, and it can be useful as an instrument to assess quality of life in anal incontinence in our population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Long-term results of preoperative chemoradiation for distal rectal cancer correlation between final stage and survival.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiation treatment (CRT) has resulted in significant tumor downstaging and improved local disease control for distal rectal cancer. The purpose of the present study was to determine the correlation between final stage and survival in these patients regardless of initial disease stage. Two hundred sixty patients with distal (0-7 cm from anal verge) rectal adenocarcinoma considered resectable were treated by neoadjuvant CRT with 5-FU and leucovorin plus 5040 cGy. Patients with incomplete clinical response 8 weeks after CRT completion were treated by radical surgical resection. Patients with complete clinical response were managed by observation alone. Overall survival and disease-free survival were compared according to Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests according to final stage. Seventy-one patients (28%) showed complete clinical response (clinical stage 0). One hundred sixty-nine patients showed incomplete clinical response and were treated with surgery. In 22 of these patients (9%), pathologic examination revealed pT0 N0 M0 (stage p0), 59 patients (22%) had stage I, 68 patients (26%) had stage II, and 40 patients (15%) had stage III disease. Overall survival rates were significantly higher in stage c0 (P=0.01) compared with stage p0. Disease-free survival rate showed better results in stage c0, but the results were not significant. Five-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 97.7% and 84% (stage 0); 94% and 74% (stage I); 83% and 50% (stage II); and 56% and 28% (stage III), respectively. Cancer-related overall and disease-free survival may be correlated to final pathologic staging following neoadjuvant CRT for distal rectal cancer. Also, stage 0 is significantly associated with improved outcome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Incidence and management of perineal hernia after laparoscopic proctectomy.

Perineal hernia (PH) is formed by the protrusion of intra-abdominal viscera through a defect in the pelvic floor. This is a rare complication after conventional abdominoperineal resection, pelvic exanteration, proctectomy, and other pelvic procedures. The purpose of the present paper is to report 4 cases of PH after laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer and to review literature data about the incidence, predisposing factors, and treatment of this challenging problem. When added to other 3 cases previously reported in the Brazilian series of laparoscopic surgery, this group of 7 cases comprises a PH incidence of 3.5% after rectal resection procedures. Surgical treatment is indicated only in symptomatic patients with no signs of cancer recurrence. Proposed methods of surgical repair include abdominal, perineal, or combined approaches to the hernia in association with the use of autologous tissues or prosthetic meshes. Preventive measures are represented by closure of the pelvic peritoneum whenever possible, primary perineal suture and wound care to avoid infection.

Colectomy↗
PubMed2004

Anorectal leiomyomas: report of two cases with different anatomical patterns and literature review.

Gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors comprise a rare group of gastrointestinal tract wall tumors that have long been a source of confusion and controversy, especially in terms of pathological classification, preoperative diagnosis, management strategies, and prognosis. This report describes the clinical manifestations and management of 2 rectal leiomyomas and reviews the pertinent literature. Case 1: A 44-year-old woman was admitted reporting a nodule in the right para-anal region for the previous 2 years. At proctological examination, a 4-cm diameter fibrous mass situated in the para-anal region that produced an arch under the smooth muscle on the right rectal wall just above the anorectal ring was noted. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and pelvis showed the lesion and detected no other abnormalities. Surgical treatment consisted of wide local resection of the tumor through a para-anal incision, with no attempts to perform lymphadenectomy. Case 2: A 40-year-old male patient was admitted reporting constant anal pain for 4 months. He presented a 3-cm submucosal nodule at the anterior rectal wall just above the dentate line. After 2 inconclusive preoperative biopsies, transanal resection of the tumor was performed. Histological analysis of the specimen showed a benign leiomyoma. A review of the literature is presented, emphasizing some clinical and therapeutic aspects of this unusual rectal tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse: experience and late results with 51 patients.

UNLABELLED: The "best" surgical technique for the management of complete rectal prolapse remains unknown. Due to its low incidence, it is very difficult to achieve a representative number of cases, and there are no large prospective randomized trials to attest to the superiority of one operation over another. PURPOSE: Analyze the results of surgical treatment of complete rectal prolapse during 1980 and 2002. METHOD: Retrospective study. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients underwent surgical treatment during this period. The mean age was 56.7 years, with 39 females. Besides the prolapse itself, 33 patients complained of mucous discharge, 31 of fecal incontinence, 14 of constipation, 17 of rectal bleeding, and 3 of urinary incontinence. Abdominal operations were performed in 36 (71%) cases. Presacral rectopexy was the most common abdominal procedure (29 cases) followed by presacral rectopexy associated with sigmoidectomy (5 cases). The most common perineal procedure was perineal rectosigmoidectomy associated with levatorplasty (12 cases). Intraoperative bleeding from the presacral space developed in 2 cases, and a rectovaginal fistula occurred in another patient after a perineal rectosigmoidectomy. There were 2 recurrences after a mean follow-up of 49 months, which were treated by reoperation. CONCLUSION: Abdominal and perineal procedures can be used to manage complete rectal prolapse with safety and good long-term results. Age, associated medical conditions, and symptoms of fecal incontinence or constipation are the main features that one should bear in mind in order to choose the best surgical approach.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Management of the pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer with radiofrequency thermoablation: a case report and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION: The results of rectal cancer surgery are limited by the development of local recurrence (LR) that represents a great challenge to the surgeon. In the presence of unfavourable conditions for performing a curative operation, various forms of palliative treatment are indicated to control the patient's symptoms and the disease's complications. Recently, radiofrequency thermoablation (RFTA) has become a complimentary alternative therapy for malignant inoperable liver tumours. The present paper reports the use of RFTA in the management of pelvic recurrence of rectal adenocarcinoma. CASE REPORT: Fourteen months after abdominoperineal resection, a 32-year-old woman began to complain of progressive pelvic and lumbar pain. A large pelvic mass was found and serum CEA was elevated (66.4 ng/ml) at that time. Due to the dimensions of the presacral tumour (8 x 5 x 4 cm3) and the associated refractory pain, the patient underwent RFTA of the recurrent disease. Under epidural anaesthesia, a computed tomography-guided percutaneous needle electrode was introduced into the tumour. Although the procedure provided immediate pain control, the patient developed an intestinal obstruction 3 months later. This complication required surgical treatment to release adherences from the necrosed tumour. CONCLUSION: Apart from this complication, RFTA allowed prolonged relief of the pelvic pain and improved quality of life. Faced with an unresectable pelvic recurrence, RFTA proved to be a viable option for controlling pain, although a relatively high cost and eventual complications may limit its use.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Extracolonic manifestations of familial adenomatous polyposis: incidence and impact on the disease outcome].

BACKGROUND: Familial adenomatous polyposis is a hereditary disease with autossomic and dominant features, frequently associated to many extracolonic manifestations. AIM: To report extracolonic manifestations incidence and to analyze its impact on the disease's outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Revision of patient charts treated from 1977 to 2001, relating associated extracolonic manifestations and its complications. RESULTS: Among 59 familial adenomatous polyposis patients, 23 (38,9%) presented some extracolonic manifestations at diagnosis or during follow-up. There were registered 37 different extracolonic manifestations (1.6 per patient). The most common manifestations were osteomas and congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium, diagnosed in 25% and 20% of the investigated patients, respectively. Other extracolonic manifestations were represented by upper digestive adenomas, epidermoid cysts, desmoid tumor (seven each), gastric cancer (three) and tireoid cancer (two). Desmoid-associated complications were reported in six patients, being intestinal obstruction in four and hidronephrosis in two; two deaths (28,5%) were registered. CONCLUSIONS: Extracolonic manifestations incidence is high (40%) and may affect disease's outcome and patient's quality of life. For these reasons, the research, prevention and adequate treatment of extracolonic manifestations turn into vital importance in familial adenomatous polyposis patients.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed2004

Operative versus nonoperative treatment for stage 0 distal rectal cancer following chemoradiation therapy: long-term results.

OBJECTIVE: Report overall long-term results of stage 0 rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation and compare long-term results between operative and nonoperative treatment. METHODS: Two-hundred sixty-five patients with distal rectal adenocarcinoma considered resectable were treated by neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) with 5-FU, Leucovorin and 5040 cGy. Patients with incomplete clinical response were referred to radical surgical resection. Patients with incomplete clinical response treated by surgery resulting in stage p0 were compared to patients with complete clinical response treated by nonoperative treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using chi2, Student t test and Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS: Overall and disease-free 10-year survival rates were 97.7% and 84%. In 71 patients (26.8%) complete clinical response was observed following CRT (Observation group). Twenty-two patients (8.3%) showed incomplete clinical response and pT0N0M0 resected specimens (Resection group). There were no differences between patient's demographics and tumor's characteristics between groups. In the Resection group, 9 definitive colostomies and 7 diverting temporary ileostomies were performed. Mean follow-up was 57.3 months in Observation Group and 48 months in Resection Group. There were 3 systemic recurrences in each group and 2 endorectal recurrences in Observation Group. Two patients in the Resection group died of the disease. Five-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 88% and 83%, respectively, in Resection Group and 100% and 92% in Observation Group. CONCLUSIONS: Stage 0 rectal cancer disease is associated with excellent long-term results irrespective of treatment strategy. Surgical resection may not lead to improved outcome in this situation and may be associated with high rates of temporary or definitive stoma construction and unnecessary morbidity and mortality rates.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2003

Conventional approach x laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer treatment after neoadjuvant chemoradiation: results of a prospective randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection compared to conventional approach for surgical treatment of patients with distal rectal cancer presenting with incomplete response after chemoradiation. METHOD: Twenty eight patients with distal rectal adenocarcinoma were randomized to undergo surgical treatment by laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection or conventional approach and evaluated prospectively. Thirteen underwent laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection and 15 conventional approach. RESULTS: There was no significant difference (p<0,05) between the two studied groups regarding: gender, age, body mass index, patients with previous abdominal surgeries, intra and post operative complications, need for blood transfusion, hospital stay after surgery, length of resected segment and pathological staging. Mean operation time was 228 minutes for the laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection versus 284 minutes for the conventional approach (p=0.04). Mean anesthesia duration was shorter (p=0.03) for laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection when compared to conventional approach : 304 and 362 minutes, respectively. There was no need for conversion to open approach in this series. After a mean follow-up of 47.2 months and with the exclusion of two patients in the conventional abdominoperineal resection who presented with unsuspected synchronic metastasis during surgery, local recurrence was observed in two patients in the conventional group and in none in the laparoscopic group. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection is feasible, similar to conventional approach concerning surgery duration, intra operative morbidity, blood requirements and post operative morbidity. Larger number of cases and an extended follow-up are required to adequate evaluation of oncological results for patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection after chemoradiation for radical treatment of distal rectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combined resection of the duodenum and pancreas for locally advanced colon cancer.

Colorectal cancer invading adjacent organs is a frequent event occurring in 5.5% to 12% of all colorectal malignancies. Colon cancer directly invading the duodenum and pancreas is rare and may require combined resection of the colon, pancreas, and duodenum, which represents a complex operation with significant morbidity and mortality rates. In this article, a case of a 41-year-old patient with a right colon cancer directly infiltrating the duodenum and head of the pancreas is presented. The patient was treated by radical combined resection of the colon, duodenum, and pancreas. Pathological examination confirmed neoplastic invasion of the adjacent organs and absence of lymph node metastasis (T4N0). The patient recovered uneventfully. Patients with colorectal cancer infiltrating adjacent organs such as the duodenum and the pancreas should be treated by radical en bloc resection of the tumor. This procedure is the preferred treatment strategy because it seems to be associated with improved overall survival rates.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cowden syndrome: report of two cases and review of clinical presentation and management of a rare colorectal polyposis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Cowden syndrome (CS) is a rare and complex disease inherited through an autosomal dominant trait associated with germline mutations of the PTEN gene. OBJECTIVE: This article reports 2 female patients with classic features of the syndrome and reviews the current guidelines regarding diagnosis and surveillance. REVIEW: Although it exhibits variable clinical expressivity, the diagnosis is based on characteristic mucocutaneous alterations such as multiple facial trichilemmomas, oral mucosal papillomatosis, and acral and palmoplantar keratoses. These manifestations often precede systemic involvement. Extracutaneous lesions include fibrocystic disease of the breast, thyroid goiters or adenomas, multiple polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract, and ovarian cysts. Gastrointestinal polyps are usually asymptomatic, and the risk of gastrointestinal cancer is not greatly increased. Otherwise, an important feature of Cowden's disease is the greater risk of breast and thyroid cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the potentially serious associations with internal malignancy, early and accurate diagnosis of CS is essential. For this reason, all patients must be screened for occult malignancies and undergo close surveillance throughout lifetime.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adenocarcinoma after ileoanal anastomosis for familial adenomatous polyposis: review of risk factors and current surveillance apropos of a case.

Restorative proctocolectomy has become the most common surgical option for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients, based on the premise that it provides good functional results and reduces colorectal cancer risk. But several adenomas may develop in the pouch mucosa over the years, and even cancer at the anastomosis or in the pouch mucosa has been reported rarely. This article aims to describe a case of pouch cancer after restorative proctocolectomy for FAP, reviewing the possible causes of this unfortunate outcome. A 40-year-old man started presenting with fecal blood loss 12 years after restorative proctocolectomy with mucosectomy and hand-sewn anastomosis for FAP. Proctologic examination revealed an elevated mass 3 cm from the anal margin, which biopsy determined to be a mucinous adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent pouch excision and terminal ileostomy. Histologic analysis showed a 2.2 cm mucinous adenocarcinoma between the ileal and anal mucosa (T2N0Mx) and multiple tubular microadenomas in the ileal pouch. The present case and the data presented here suggest that restorative proctocolectomy is not a "cancer-free" alternative to ileorectal anastomosis, because it does not remove the risk of metachronous intestinal neoplasia. Although the long-term risk of malignancy is not known, lifelong follow-up seems to be necessary after restorative proctocolectomy. Current recommendations for pouch surveillance are presented.

Adenocarcinoma↗