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Diclehan Orhan

Publications and source records attributed to Diclehan Orhan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Androgen receptor immunostaining and androgen receptor messenger ribonucleic acid expression are increased in cremaster muscles associated with undescended testis.

OBJECTIVES: To determine and compare androgen receptor (AR) immunostaining and AR messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression in cremaster muscles associated with descended or undescended testis. METHODS: Eight boys with descended testis but with inguinal hernia and 8 boys with undescended testis were evaluated. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and free testosterone levels were determined, and samples of cremaster muscles were immunostained for AR. Groups were compared by unpaired t tests and Fisher's exact tests; P values of <0.05 were considered significant. Samples of cremaster muscles were obtained from another 5 boys with descended testis but with inguinal hernia and 5 boys with undescended testis. The expression of AR mRNA in those samples was determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Serum FSH, LH, testosterone, and free testosterone levels were similar among groups. None of the samples from boys with descended testis showed positive staining, but 4 of 8 samples from boys with undescended testis stained positive for AR. Androgen receptor mRNA transcript levels were approximately 10 times lower in cremaster muscles of boys with descended testis compared with those in boys with undescended testis. CONCLUSIONS: Despite similar serum hormone levels, more AR expression in cremaster muscles associated with undescended testis might represent evidence of being subjected to a lesser degree of androgenic effects.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2006

Histone mRNA in situ hybridization and Ki 67 immunohistochemistry in pediatric adrenocortical tumors.

Adrenocortical tumors in the pediatric population are rare. Classification of these tumors as adenomas or carcinomas using histological criteria is often difficult. Immunohistochemical expressions of proliferative markers are currently under investigation for utilization in the differential diagnosis and prediction of clinical outcomes. The value of histone proteins as prognostic markers in adrenocortical tumors has not yet been elucidated. We evaluated the histological features, immunohistochemical staining of Ki 67, and in situ hybridization for histone mRNA in 30 pediatric adrenocortical tumors. We investigated the relationship between these parameters and the prognosis. Using the classification proposed by Weiss, 19 tumors were classified as carcinomas and 11 as adenomas. Ki 67 and histone mRNA labeling indices (LIs, the percentage of Ki 67-positive and histone mRNA-positive tumor cells, respectively) were significantly higher in carcinomas than in adenomas (Ki 67 LI was 14.62+/-5.79 in adenomas and 20.35+/-6.23 in carcinomas, p=0.02. Histone mRNA LI was 1.73+/-1.71 in adenomas and 6.62+/-2.28 in carcinomas, p=0.00). The proliferative activity assessed by histone mRNA was lower than that assessed by Ki 67 in both diagnostic groups. The cut off point for the diagnosis of malignancy was found to be 14.55 for Ki 67 LI and 5.75 for histone mRNA LI. A correlation was found between a histone mRNA LI>or=5 and poor prognosis (recurrence, metastasis, or death). We concluded that the proliferative activity of the tumor assessed by Ki 67 and histone mRNA may assist in differentiating adrenocortical adenomas and carcinomas. In addition, our results suggest that the most reliable parameter to predict prognosis in pediatric adrenocortical tumors is the histone mRNA LI.

Adrenocortical Adenoma↗
PubMed2006

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica in a 9-year-old girl.

Tracheobroncopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare disease of adult males characterized by osteocartilagious submucosal nodules protruding into the airway lumen, causing variable degrees of airway obstruction. Here we describe a case of TO in a 9-year-old girl patient presenting with chronic cough, along with a brief review of this rare benign condition.

Bronchi↗
PubMed2004

An unusual cause of acute renal failure: renal lymphoma.

Renal involvement is a common finding in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Acute renal failure at initial presentation due to lymphomatous infiltration of the kidneys has been described infrequently. We report a 17-year-old male who presented with acute renal failure due to massive lymphomatous infiltration of the kidneys, which necessitated hemodialysis. The diagnosis of B-cell NHL was established by tru-cut biopsy of the kidneys and the patient had an excellent response to high-dose chemotherapy with no major complication. The presence of extrarenal involvement in the testes and the retroperitoneal lymph nodes made the diagnosis of primary renal lymphoma debatable. However, considering the delay in diagnosis and the high proliferative rate of B-cell NHL, we might postulate that the disease had originated primarily in the kidneys. We recommend that in NHL cases with severe renal involvement, full-dose chemotherapy should be instituted with meticulous clinical and laboratory follow-up in order to improve clinical and renal failure status rapidly and to avoid further dissemination of NHL.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2004

Microvessel density as a prognostic marker in bladder carcinoma: correlation with tumor grade, stage and prognosis.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of our study was to evaluate tumor angiogenesis as a prognostic marker of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and to asses its relationship to established variables for survival and response to therapy. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Microvessel density (MVD), a measure of tumor angiogenesis, were evaluated in 77 primary bladder cancers. Forty-three superficial carcinomas and 34 invasive carcinomas were analysed. Tumor specimens of all patients were obtained by transurethral resection (TUR) and all the tumors were transitional cell carcinomas. Twenty-two patients with invasive bladder cancer have undergone M-VEC chemotheraphy. The correlation between MVD and histopathological grade, tumor stage and prognosis was evaluated. MVD was identified by immunostaining of endothelial cells using anti-CD34 antibody. For statistical analysis Kruskal-Vallis, Mann-Whitney U and Fisher's exact tests were used. RESULTS: MVD was correlated with tumor grade, stage and prognosis. Significantly higher MVD was determined in invasive tumors than superficial tumors (p < 0.05). MVD increased with tumor grade and stage (p < 0.05). High MVD was correlated with the risk of clinical progression in both superficial and invasive bladder carcinomas (p < 0.05, p < 0.001 respectively). Invasive tumors with remission after M-VEC chemotheraphy had lower MVD than tumors with progression after M-VEC. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that MVD in bladder carcinoma correlates with grade, stage and malignant potential of the tumor. Quantification of tumor angiogenesis may allow selection of the type of treatment for bladder cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Lingual tumors in infants: a case report and review of the literature.

Tumors of the tongue and the base of mouth are seen rarely in children. The incidence of the ones that are large enough to fill the oral cavity is especially low. If not recognized and treated, tongue tumors may obstruct the upper aero-digestive tract and be fatal. A case of a huge lingual cystic tumor mimicking ranula, and obstructing the upper aero-digestive tract, which was diagnosed antenatal and treated during and after the delivery, is presented together with a review of the literature.

Cysts↗
PubMed2004

Calcifying fibrous pseudotumor of lung: a previously unreported entity.

Calcifying fibrous pseudotumor (CFP) is one of the most unusual benign tumors of childhood and is located mostly in soft tissues, pleura, and peritoneum. The first case of pulmonary CFP in a 7-year-old boy is presented. The clinicopathologic features of this rare entity are discussed with special emphasis on histopathologic features and prognosis including a brief literature review. There are no presumptive clinical and laboratory findings, including tumor markers and imaging techniques, that distinguish CFP from other space-occupying lung lesions. The most important diagnostic aid is to bear this entity in mind when a child presents with an unexplained pulmonary mass. Total excision is mandatory for the appropriate diagnosis and treatment.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed2004

Adenoid-basal cell tumor of the prostate gland. A case report: histomorphologic and immunohistochemical features.

Lesions with basaloid features are very rare and controversial within the prostate gland. There seems to be a morphologic continuum ranging from focal basal cell hyperplasia (BCH) to florid adenoid basal cell tumor (ABCT). The clinicopathological features of a basaloid lesion which was associated with an acinar prostatic carcinoma of the prostate gland are described in a 74-year-old man, and discussed under the light of the literature.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2004

Lipomatosis of the bladder presenting as bladder cancer.

A case of bladder lipomatosis in an 81-year-old man is presented. The preoperative diagnosis was bladder tumor. A transurethral resection of the bladder was performed and a pathological examination revealed lipomatosis of the bladder. This entity is extremely rare and, to our knowledge, this is the second case reported in the English published works.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma showing Bcl-2 expression.

Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma represents a rare histological variant of prostatic carcinoma with features of a papillary lesion at cystoscopy. There are conflicts regarding the existence, origin, staging, grading, treatment and clinical behavior of this tumor. The aim of the present study is to examine the expression of Bcl-2 and p53 in prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma and to evaluate its origin by analyzing prostate specific antigen, prostate specific acid phosphatase, cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen expressions. The results confirmed the expression of prostate specific antigen and prostate specific acid phosphatase in prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The demonstrated expression of Bcl-2 was predominant in the better-differentiated tumor. Bcl-2 expression appears not to be associated with neuroendocrine differentiation as assessed by chromogranin A reactivity. Thus, the first case of a prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma showing Bcl-2 expression is presented. The tumor was negative for p53.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2003

Thrombospondin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor expression and microvessel density in renal cell carcinoma and their relationship with multifocality.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relevance of microvessel density (MVD) and the angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, an important angiogenic factor in solid tumors) and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1, a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis), to multifocality of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry the expression of CD34, TSP-1 and VEGF was assessed in 38 archival tissue specimens from 19 patients with unifocal RCC and 19 with multifocal RCC. Immunostaining results for VEGF was scored for the appropriate percentage of positive tumor cells and relative immunostaining intensity (score range 0-12). Only extracellular immunoreactivity was considered positive for TSP-1 and the same method was used to score the stromal staining. The microvessel density was measured by immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: VEGF immunoreactivity> or =1% was detectable in all unifocal and multifocal tumors. TSP-1 immunoreactivity was detected in 14 (73.7%) of 19 unifocal RCCs and in 16 (84.2%) of 19 multifocal RCC specimens (p=0.69). There were no statistically significant differences in the immunostaining intensity, percentage of immunopositive cells and the staining scores of VEGF and TSP-1 among the two groups. Additionally, there was no difference in MVD in multifocal and unifocal tumors. CONCLUSION: As there is no difference in MVD count, and expression of angiogenic factors (VEGF and TSP-1) in multifocal and unifocal tumors, multifocality of RCC is not determined by VEGF/TSP-1 expression.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the male urethra.

We present a rare case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the male urethra. These tumors are usually presented with hematuria, obstructive voiding symptoms or urinary retention. Histologically, they display tubulocystic, tubular, papillary or diffuse patterns with clear and hobnail cells. The present case of this rare disease emphasizes the aggressive nature of urethral clear cell adenocarcinoma in males.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMed2003

The roles of T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), HLA-DR receptor, and mast cells in etiopathogenesis of pterygium.

PURPOSE: The etiopathogenesis of pterygia is controversial. We wished to explore the effects of inflammatory cells and mediators such as T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8), mast cells, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and HLA-DR receptors on pterygium development. METHODS: Immunohistochemical stainings were performed for T-lymphocyte subpopulations, mast cells, ICAM-1, and HLA-DR on sections of pterygium specimens. Nasal bulbar conjunctival specimens of patients undergoing cataract or vitrectomy operations were used for comparision. The mean number of mast cells/mm2 was calculated using an ocular grid, and the difference between the numbers derived from pterygium and from normal conjunctival sections was analyzed statistically using the Mann-Whitney U test. CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in the epithelial and subepithelial regions, and ICAM-1 and HLA-DR expression on pterygium epithelium were compared qualitatively. RESULTS: Increased CD4 and CD8 lymphocytic infiltration in pterygium sections was observed. Only occasional lymphocytes were detected in normal conjunctival sections. The CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.33 for pterygium epithelium and 1.34 for pterygium substantia propria. Increased HLA-DR and scattered ICAM-1 expression were also detected on pterygium epithelium, but not on the normal conjunctival epithelium. The difference in mast cell numbers between the pterygium and control groups was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of T-lymphocyte infiltration and ICAM-1 and HLA-DR expression in pterygium epithelium strongly supports the suggestion that cellular immunity plays an important role in pterygium formation. Pterygium epithelium also seems to participate actively in the augmentation of this inflammatory process by expressing ICAM-1 and HLA-DR molecules. Mast cells may participate in some stages or subtypes of pterygium during its development.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Successful tracheal transplantation with fresh allografts in a rabbit model.

PURPOSE: Immunogenicity and the restoration of blood supply to the donor graft remains a clinical challenge in tracheal allotransplantation. We conducted a study on 20 rabbits of a genetically similar strain to eliminate the risk of rejection caused by immunogenicity. METHODS: We examined the histomorphological changes related to revascularization and the immunogenic reaction of the fresh allografts after tracheal transplantation. Histomorphological assessment was conducted by investigating the anastomotic sites, graft necrosis, and epithelization. Cellular changes, including the infiltration of granulocytes, histiocytes, and fibroblast proliferation related to a granulation tissue-like reaction, were also assessed, with lymphocyte infiltration which is an indicator of graft rejection. All of these characteristics, apart from epithelization, were graded semiquantitatively as none (0), mild (1), moderate (2), and severe (3). Epithelization was graded as 0, indicating no epithelization; 1, < or =20%; 2, < or =40%; 3, < or =60%; 4, < or =80; 5, complete epithelization of the entire graft. RESULTS: Morphologic integrity of the trachea was completely retained in 16 (80%) animals. The overall rating score of epithelization was 3.6+/-1.0, while those of the granulation tissue-like reaction and lymphocyte infiltration were 4.8+/-0.6 and 1.5+/-0.7, respectively. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that tracheal allotransplantation is possible with fresh allografts in genetically similar strains of rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Prognostic implications of microscopic proximal bronchial extension in non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: The loss of approximately one third of early stage lung cancer patients undergoing complete resection by the end of 5 years implies the existence of unknown or undetected factors at the time of operation. We investigated the possible correlation between microscopic proximal bronchial extension (MPBE) and survival with clinicopathologic features in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: The bronchial tree with the tumor was dissected and extracted from the lung parenchyma in a total of 62 surgical specimens with non-small cell lung cancer. The tumor-related bronchus was sectioned into serial blocks at a thickness of 5 mm in the transverse plane. Histologically, cut serial sections were examined for MPBE. RESULTS: A total of 15 (24.2%) specimens showed MPBE, whereas 47 (75.8%) specimens showed no evidence of MPBE. The median survival time of MPBE-positive patients was 10.0 months, whereas that of MPBE-negative patients was 42.0 months. The 5-year survival rates of MPBE-positive and MPBE-negative groups were 13.3% and 35.8%, respectively, which was a significant difference (p = 0.0203). Multivariate analysis revealed lymph node status (p = 0.0161), histology (p = 0.0268), and MPBE-positivity (p = 0.0447) as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Microscopic proximal bronchial extension has an adverse effect on survival in non-small cell lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

The prognostic value of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67 and nucleolar organizer region in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the value of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Ki-67 antigen labelling indices and nucleolar organizer region (NOR) score in relation to histological grade, stage, recurrence and progression of the bladder tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue specimens from 77 bladder cancer patients (43 superficial, 34 invasive) were immunostained with PCNA and Ki-67 and stained with AgNOR. Thirteen specimens of normal bladder mucosa served as controls. RESULTS: In comparison to normal bladder mucosa the values of the three indicators were significantly greater (p < 0.001). There was a significant relationship between PCNA, Ki-67 indices, AgNOR scores and grade and stage of the tumor (p < 0.001). All indicators also correlated with each other (p < 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier curves for recurrence-progression free survival revealed that patients with a PCNA labelling index >36.22%, Ki-67 labelling index >29.68% and AgNOR score > 3.34 had a worse prognosis than those with <36.22%, <29.68% and <3.34, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PCNA, Ki-67 indices and AgNOR scores correlated with each other and with tumor grade and stage. These proliferation markers may give objective and accurate information about the biological behavior of bladder transitional cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Conjunctival Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon in a 3-year-old child.

A case of benign granulomas of the conjunctiva in a 3-year-old girl is reported. Histologic features of the excised conjunctival lesions were consistent with Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon. This phenomenon is thought to be a granulomatous reaction to an antigen-antibody precipitate related to parasites or fungi. No causative agent is identified in our patient. Immunohistochemical analysis showed no immunoreactivity for immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, or the C3 component of the complement. We propose that the presence of small amelanotic nodular conjunctival tumors should arouse suspicion related to the Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon even in early childhood.

Child, Preschool↗