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Biomedical subjects

Donglin Li

Publications and source records attributed to Donglin Li.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Disparities in breast cancer treatment and survival for women with disabilities.

BACKGROUND: Breast-conserving surgery combined with axillary lymph node dissection and radiotherapy or mastectomy are definitive treatments for women with early-stage breast cancer. Little is known about breast cancer treatment for women with disabilities. OBJECTIVE: To compare initial treatment for early-stage breast cancer between women with and without disabilities and to examine the association of treatment differences and survival. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: 11 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program tumor registries. PARTICIPANTS: 100,311 women who received a diagnosis of stage I to IIIA breast cancer at 21 to 64 years of age from 1988 to 1999. Women who qualified for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Medicare at breast cancer diagnosis were considered disabled. MEASUREMENTS: Receipt of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomy. For women who had breast-conserving surgery (n = 49 166), the authors examined receipt of radiotherapy and axillary lymph node dissection. Survival was measured from diagnosis until death or until 31 December 2001. RESULTS: Women with SSDI and Medicare coverage had lower rates of breast-conserving surgery than other women (43.2% vs. 49.2%; adjusted relative risk, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.76 to 0.84]). Among women who had breast-conserving surgery, women with SSDI and Medicare coverage were less likely than other women to receive radiotherapy (adjusted relative risk, 0.83 [CI, 0.77 to 0.90]) and axillary lymph node dissection (adjusted relative risk, 0.81 [CI, 0.74 to 0.90]). Women with SSDI and Medicare coverage had lower survival rates than those of other women in all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.02 [CI, 1.88 to 2.16]) and breast cancer-specific mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.31 [CI, 1.18 to 1.45]). Results were similar after adjustment for treatment differences. LIMITATIONS: Findings are limited to women who qualified for SSDI and Medicare. No data on adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal therapy were available, and details about the underlying disability were lacking. CONCLUSIONS: Women with disabilities had higher breast cancer mortality rates and were less likely to undergo standard therapy after breast-conserving surgery than other women. Differences in treatment did not explain the differences in breast cancer mortality rates.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

A self-ordered, crystalline glass, mesoporous nanocomposite with high proton conductivity of 2 x 10(-2) S cm-1 at intermediate temperature.

We prepared a TiO2-P2O5 self-ordered, crystalline glass, mesoporous nanocomposite (CGMN) with water-holding capacity at an intermediate temperature region (130-200 degrees C). This TiO2-P2O5 CGMN showed the high proton conductivity of 2 x 10-2 S cm-1 at 160 degrees C under fully saturated humidification conditions (100% RH). Additionally, these conductivities were stable at intermediate temperature conditions. The TiO2-P2O5 CGMN may have a potential not only for the fuel cell electrolytes operated at intermediate temperature conditions but also for electrochemical devices, including electrochromic displays, chemical sensors, lithium rechargeable batteries, and others.

Crystallization↗
PubMed2005

Hexagonally ordered mesoporous ternary Li2O-TiO2-P2O5 oxides with high lithium content.

Hexagonally ordered mesoporous Li2O-TiO2-P2O5 oxides with high lithium content have been synthesized using surfactant-templated self-assembly; this ternary oxide has been specifically designed to yield a variety of mesoporous frameworks including a nanocomposite, amorphous multicomponent oxide, and almost fully nanocrystalline anatase.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Activation pattern of mitogen-activated protein kinases in early phase of different size liver isografts in rats.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) play a pivotal role in ischemia reperfusion injuries of heart and liver, but the activation pattern of MAPKs in the early phase of different size liver isografts remains unclear. The experiment is designed to investigate the activation pattern and role of MAPKs in isografts of the rat with different size liver transplantation. The animal models of different size graft liver transplantation (whole graft, 50% size, or 30% size, respectively) were established and the sham operation group served as a control. The recipients were sacrificed at 0.5-, 2-, 6-, and 24-hour time points after transplantation to harvest the graft specimens and blood samples. The serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels, and histological findings were evaluated. The expressions of the total and phosphorylated p46/p54 JNKs, p38 MAPK, and p42/p44 ERKs were detected by Western blot. The serum ALT and AST levels increased significantly at the 0.5-hour time point and maintained high with the peak levels at the 6-hour time point after liver transplantation. The different sizes of liver isografts did not change the expressions of total p46/p54JNKs, p38MAPK, and p42/p44 ERKs. While the expressions of phosphorylated p46/p54JNKs, p38 MAPK, and p42/p44 ERKs were either negative or mildly up-regulated in the sham operation group, they were significantly activated in the transplanted liver at the 0.5-hour time point, especially in the 30% size liver transplantation group. In conclusion, the activation of three MAPKs in liver isografts correlates with graft size and the JNK and p38 MAPK are responsible for the graft injury while the ERK signal pathway maybe participate in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation after small-for-size liver transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Racial and ethnic differences in utilization of health services in patients with diabetes enrolled in medicaid.

We evaluated racial and ethnic differences in use of medical care between patients with diabetes enrolled in Medicaid and explored whether differences varied by state Medicaid program. Using data from 137,006 patients we created a multivariable Poisson regression model to examine the effect of race on ambulatory care visits, emergency ward visits, and hospitalization rates for patients with diabetes mellitus enrolled in three state Medicaid programs. We found significant differences in service use between groups, which varied depending on state. For example, black patients compared with whites had significantly fewer outpatient visits but more hospitalizations in New Jersey; by contrast, blacks had higher outpatient visit rates and lower hospitalization rates in Georgia. Racial and ethnic differences in health service use among Medicaid enrollees were not consistent across states, suggesting that local factors, including varied Medicaid policies, may affect racial and ethnic differences in use of health care services.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed2004

Modelling the ability of risk adjusters to reduce adverse selection in managed care.

Population-based risk adjustment, as applied to reimbursement in managed care settings, may reduce pressures for adverse selection by managed care organisations. Using insurance claims data from 184 340 plan members, we compared the performance of three risk-adjustment methods. We present a model for measuring the impact of risk adjustment on the likelihood that individual members will be at risk for adverse selection. These results are compared with resource allocation based on age/sex. The predictive ability of alternative allocation schemes increased from an R(2) of 1.2% for age-sex allocation to 11.4% based on risk adjustment using diagnostic cost groups. However, the impact of risk adjustment on the proportion of members at risk for adverse selection was small. At an absolute threshold loss of $US2400 per year, 8.3% to 8.6% of members were at risk for adverse selection compared with 9.3% based on age-sex allocation. The limited impact of risk adjustment on the likelihood of adverse selection suggests that other strategies for reducing adverse selection may be required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Design and synthesis of self-ordered mesoporous nanocomposite through controlled in-situ crystallization.

Mesoporous materials are of technological interest because of their applications ranging from catalysts, molecular sieves, separation technology and gas sensors, to batteries and electronics. Here we demonstrate a synthetic methodology that allows us to create an ordered mesoporous nanocomposite with a crystalline oxide framework. We design a 'nanocrystal-glass' configuration to build a nanoarchitecture by means of surfactant-templated self-assembly followed by the controlled in-situ crystallization of materials. Functional nanocrystals are used as the building blocks of ordered mesopores, and the glass phase can act both as the 'glue' between nanocrystals and as a functionalized component in the composites. Specifically, we demonstrate this methodology for ordered mesoporous nanocomposites consisting of electrochemically active nanocrystals and semiconductive glass in the TiO2-P2O5-M(x)O(y) systems (where M is a metal ion). This approach could be applied to many other multicomponent oxides to fabricate mesoporous nanocomposites for numerous uses.

Crystallization↗
PubMed2003

Maintenance of effects of the CATCH physical education program: results from the CATCH-ON study.

Long-term maintenance effects of physical education (PE) curriculum and staff development programs have not been studied. The authors assessed the sustainability of the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) PE intervention using direct observations of 1,904 PE lessons in former intervention and control schools in four U.S. states 5-years postintervention. Student physical activity levels, lesson contexts, and level of CATCH PE training of teachers were analyzed. Student energy expenditure levels and proportion of PE time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in intervention schools were maintained 5 years later, but vigorous activity declined sharply. Meanwhile, postintervention gains in former control schools, influenced by delayed program implementation and secular trends, resulted in a convergence of activity levels in intervention and control schools. Use of CATCH PE curricula was associated with increased levels of teacher training and school support for PE in both former intervention and control schools.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Maintenance of the classroom health education curricula: results from the CATCH-ON study.

Maintenance of the interactive Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) third- to fifth-grade curricula was studied in the 56 original intervention schools and 20 of the original control schools 5 years postintervention in four regions of the United States. Target grade teachers completed a self-administered survey that included questions regarding use of the CATCH materials, training in CATCH or other health education, barriers and perceived support for health education, and amount of health education currently taught. Percentage of teachers who continued to teach CATCH in the classroom was low; however, percentages were significantly higher in former intervention compared with control schools, even though control schools received training and materials following the main field trial. The results of this study can provide useful information for future development of classroom health promotion materials with a higher level of sustainability.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed2002

Fifth through eighth grade longitudinal predictors of tobacco use among a racially diverse cohort: CATCH.

CATCH provides multiethnic cohort data from third to eighth grades from four US geographic regions. This study examined smoking behaviors and predictors from fifth and eighth grades by ethnicity, gender, and geographic location through self-report data obtained from the cohort (N = 3,654). Overall, eighth grade prevalence for ever smoked was about 44%, 30-day prevalence was about 20%, 7-day prevalence 13.3%, and daily prevalence 7.4%. Prevalence was similar for Caucasians (21.5%) and Latinos (21.6%) and lowest for African Americans (13.1%). The 30-day prevalence for smokeless tobacco was higher for boys than for girls (9.8% vs 5.1%). Tobacco use by parents, siblings, and friends, and easy accessibility in the home in fifth grade, were significant predictors for smoking in eighth grade. Results did not differ by race, gender, or geographic location. The strongest correlate of smoking in eighth grade was having a best friend who smoked. Intention not to smoke in fifth grade predicted nonsmoking in eighth grade. Predictor strength across ethnic groups in different geographic regions was impressive. The social environment of young people continues to be an important instigator of smoking onset. The connection between intention and behavior over time suggests students' intentions not to smoke reflect decision-making at an early age.

Adolescent↗