PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E A Alsabti

Publications and source records attributed to E A Alsabti.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Serum immunoglobulins in breast cancer.

Eighty-one women admitted for breast tumor biopsy have been followed sequentially for 12 months. Thirty-one women had clinical stage I and II breast cancer and 50 had benign breast disease. All these women had serum immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE levels measured by immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay preoperatively, two weeks postoperatively, then three months, six months, nine months and twelve months postoperatively. Significant differences were found in IgA and IgG levels preoperatively in the cancer group while no differences were found in IgM or IgE levels at any time. There was positive correlation between the extent of metastatic breast cancer and IgA level. There was negative correlation between the extent of metastatic breast cancer and IgM levels. These findings raise the value of measuring the levels of immunoglobulins in patients with breast cancer as a guide to subclinical spread of the disease. The results may also support the hypothesis of the role of early immune defect in immunoglobulin metabolism in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Lymphocytes subpopulation in normal family members of patients with alpha-chain disease.

Normal family members of eight diagnosed patients suffering from alpha-chain disease had been investigated by immunoelectrophoresis for abnormal alpha-chain protein in their serum. The pattern was demonstrated in four families only, of different members, but all are of the first-degree relationship. The aim of the study was to determine any possible hereditary defect of the immune system in such patients, as compared to the immune system of the normal members of the family who had abnormal protein in their serum. It was found that in both patients and normal members, the proportion of circulating B-lymphocytes was much higher than normal, whereas that of T-lymphocytes was lower than normal. Neither could be sensitized to DNCB, and their skin tests to tuberculin were negative. From all these findings, it was concluded that the disease was a B-cell disease of IgA type transmitted by a hereditary factor associated with a low level of cellular immunity. Further studies are required to support this hypothesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hodgkin's disease in childhood.

The histopathologic study of 103 patients with Hodgkin's disease including 5 cases who had staging laparotomy during the last 10 years were reviewed. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. No significant sex difference among subtypes were noted. 2. Associated glomerulopathy, nephrotic syndromes, and amyloidosis were occasionally found. 3. In childhood lymphomas excluding leukemia are the most frequent malignacies. Among the lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease predominates. 4. The most frequent subtype both in the original biopsy and after staging laparotomy was mixed cellularity. The nodular sclerosis type was the rarest. The subtypes generally did not change in the subsequent biopsies and in laparatomy done up to 6 months later. 5. It is most frequently noted in cervical area. Males are affected more than females. The peak incidence was in the first decade of age group. A brief review of the literature and discussion on the comparison of data from other countries is given.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Prognostic value of urinary fibrinogen degradation products in bladder carcinoma.

In this study, the value of urinary fibrinogen degradation products as a biological marker of bladder carcinoma has been studied. An increase in fibrinogen degradation products was found in 86% of bladder cancer patients independent of the fact that they had active tumors or that they were disease free. A highly significant correlation between the amount of the increase, the grade, local invasiveness, and the risk of recurrence of the tumor has been established. One can conclude that urinary fibrinogen degradation products are of great prognostic value in patients with bladder carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Inherited bleeding syndromes in Jordan.

This paper presents data on the occurrence and pattern of inherited bleeding syndromes (IBS) in Jordan, a hitherto unexplored problem. In 1978, during the first 12 months of a prospective study at a major medical center, 91 patients from 51 families were diagnosed as having IBS. All patients were referred because of moderate-to-severe bleeding diatheses; they included 52 hemophiliacs, 27 patients with von Willebrand's disease, 4 with hemophilia B (IX-deficit), 2 with afibrinogenemia, 1 with prothrombin deficiency, and 4 were thought to have platelet dysfunction. The clinical and laboratory features of the patients observed in Jordan do not seem to be significantly different from those of patients in Western Europe or North America.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Serum lipids in hepatoma.

Serum lipids were determined in patients with hepatoma, liver cirrhosis and healthy controls. Serum total cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipid were increased in cases with hepatoma compared to those with cirrhosis, irrespective of a history of liver cirrhosis in the hepatome group of patients. From this study one can conclude that the determination of serum lipids is useful in differentiating carcinoma from liver cirrhosis. This may be used as a tool for the early detection of hepatoma complicating liver cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

In vivo and in vitro assays of immunocompetence in bronchogenic carcinoma.

To determine the degree of correlation among the various in vivo and in vitro assays that could be used to assess immunocompetence in bronchogenic carcinoma, the response to common recall skin antigens, primary sensitization to DNCB and lymphocyte function tests based on blastogenic response to mitogens and in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) were tested in 48 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. The values were compared to responses in 94 age-matched healthy control subjects. There were impaired skin tests reactions among squamous cell carcinoma patients, with little impairment of their lymphocyte blastogenesis reactions. Anaplastic carcinoma patients had notable defects in lymphocyte function tests but less impairment of the skin test reactions. These data suggest that the mitogen concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, and the MLC are more useful screening assays of in vitro immunocompetence than are the other commonly used mitogens.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Lymphocyte subpopulation in primary lung cancer.

To determine whether impaired cellular immune responsiveness in lung cancer patients is related to a reduction in the number of T lymphocytes, circulating levels of T-rosette-forming lymphocytes were measured in 48 cases with primary lung cancer and compared to levels in 94 age-matched healthy subjects. The results show that T lymphocytes levels are significantly reduced in lung cancer patients. A possible consequence of reduced numbers of circulating T lymphocytes would be a diminution in tumor-inhibiting (T-cell) influences and a corresponding relative enhancement of blocking (B-cell) influences, a circumstance which would favor tumor proliferation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Colony-stimulating and colony-forming cells in peripheral blood as prognostic markers in acute myelogenous leukemia.

Colony-forming cells (CFC) and colony-stimulating activity (CSA) in peripheral blood cells have been studied before and repeatedly during treatment of 32 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. WBC obtained after Isopaque-dextran separation were cultured in vitro by a double-layer agar technique. Before treatment 19 patients out of 32 had CSA and all had CFC; both CSA and CFC were found in 19 patients. In follow-up studies during treatment, CSA was mainly unaffected during the leukopenic phase, while CFC were suppressed. No CFC were found at WBC counts below 1,000/mm3. This seems to imply that CFC are more sensitive to chemotherapy than colony-stimulating cells. 14 patients entered remission; all of them had CSA. 16 out of the 18 nonresponders lacked on or both types of cells. The presence of CSA and CFC in peripheral blood therefore appears to be a sign of favorable prognosis, while the absence of CSA and/or CFC implies lack of response to treatment. The conclusion from this study is that the presence of both CFC and CSA in peripheral WBC is a sign of a good prognosis. Absence of CFC and/or CSA in the initial sample indicates that the patient is unlikely to respond to conventional therapy with cytotoxic drugs. The presence or absence of CSA alone has a higher prognostic significance than the presence or absence of CFC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Prognostic value of bone marrow acid phosphatase in prostatic carcinoma.

The total and l-tartrate labile acid phosphatase were studied in 25 patients with carcinoma of prostate. The results were compared with the results from a control group. Serum acid phosphatase levels both in the control groups and in patients with prostatic cancer were lower than bone marrow acid phosphatase levels. This may be due to acid phosphatase released from blood cells during hemolysis. A positive correlation between serum and bone marrow acid phosphatase levels in patients with prostatic carcinoma was found. There was a significant rise in bone marrow acid phosphatase levels (above the normal range from the control group) in patients with advanced stage III and stage IV prostatic carcinoma with significantly increased serum levels. The levels of bone marrow acid phosphatase gave a supplementary diagnostic method in the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma. A hypothesis that raised levels of bone marrow acid phosphatase are diagnostic of early metastasis from prostatic carcinoma is given.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Plasma levels of CEA as a prognostic marker in carcinoma of urinary bladder.

Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were performed preoperatively by radioimmunoassay in 124 patients with histologically proved bladder carcinoma. The level of CEA was used to determine its prognostic value in patients with bladder cancer. The correlation of CEA levels with the stage of the disease, histology, and resectability was also studied. Values above 2.5 ng/ml were taken as abnormal. Active disease was associated with high CEA levels. All patients with CEA levels greater than 10 ng/ml died in less than 1 1/2 years, while all patients who survived 1 1/2-3 years had preoperative CEA levels less than 10 ng/ml. There was a prognostic significance for patients with transitional cell or squamous cell carcinoma. All patients with squamous cell carcinoma had CEA levels less than or equal to 10 ng/ml, and all patients with transitional carcinoma had preoperative CEA values greater than 10 ng/ml. A correlation between CEA levels and resectability of the primary tumor was found. This study indicates that, in bladder carcinoma patients, preoperative CEA levels greater than 10 ng/ml are of prognostic value, since all of these patients have died and all of the long-term survivors had levels of less than or equal to 10 ng/ml.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with malignant and non-malignant diseases.

Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentration was found to be raised in 503 of 550 patients (91%) with bladder cancer, lymphoma of intestine, hepatocellular carcinoma, bronchogenic carcinoma, prostate cancer, cirrhosis of liver and bilharziasis. The degree of elevation was moderate in all patients except in 189 patients in whom values more than 20 ng/ml were recorded, of which 53 patients with bladder cancer and 118 patients with bilharziasis. The mean CEA value in the patients with cirrhosis in the non-tumorous liver was slightly higher than that in those without cirrhosis, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P greater than 0.01). There was no correlation between serum CEA and alph-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in all patients except in patients with bladder carcinoma, hepatoma and bilharziasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Serum immunoglobulins in acute myelogenous leukemia.

Forty-five patients with acute myelogenous leukemia have been followed sequentially for 12 months. All these patients had serum immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE levels measured by immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay prior to chemotherapy, then every month after chemotherapy. Significant differences were found in IgA and IgG levels prior chemotherapy, while no differences were found in IgM or IgE levels at any time. There was a positive correlation between percentage of blasts and IgA level. There was negative correlation between the percentage of blasts and IgM levels. These findings raise the value of measuring the levels of immunoglobulins in patients with leukemia as a guide to the subclinical relapse of the disease. These results may also support the hypothesis of the role of early immune defect in immunoglobulin metabolism in the pathogenesis of acute leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Clinical trials in vaccination with leukemia associated antigens in acute myelogenous leukemia.

Vaccination with purified leukemia associated antigens (LAA) was performed in sixty adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who were admitted to Medical City, Yermok Hospital, Alshaab Hospital, Altefelalarabie Hospital, Basrah Hospital, Mosul Hospital, Althawra Hospital and Samaon Hospital. LAA were prepared from leukemic cells, using hypotonic lysis and low frequency sonication, followed by discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or column chromatography. Five doses were given intradermally, after discontinuation of the maintenance therapy. Clinical and immunological studies were done prevaccination and used to evaluate the effect of this vaccine. The patients were randomized into two groups: one group included 32 patients who received LAA alone and the other group included 28 patients who received LAA with BCG-cell wall skeleton as an adjuvant. Control groups of patients were also randomized into two subgroups: one subgroup included 30 patients who did not receive any kind of immunotherapy, the other subgroup included 30 patients who received BCG-cell wall skeleton only. All the LAA vaccinated groups showed increased blastogenic response to LAA most pronounced on day 22 and afterwards. There was increased response to non-specific mitogens after vaccination, especially after the 63rd day. All the vaccinated groups showed increased skin reactivity to LAA after vaccination. Fifty-seven of these patients had an initial weak reaction but it became more marked after vaccination. There was a correlation between the blastogenic responses and skin test reactivity to the clinical course. All the nonvaccinated group and those who were given BCG-cell wall skeleton alone died within 9 weeks (range 7--11 weeks) after discontinued chemotherapy making the survival range from 23--40 weeks (median of 29 weeks), in contrast all the vaccinated groups who received LAA alone or in combination with three BCG-cell wall skeleton doses are in complete unmaintained remission ranging in survival from 58 weeks to 74 weeks (median value is 63 weeks).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of platinum compounds on murine lymphocyte mitogenesis.

Polyclonal activation of T and B lymphocytes by concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide mitogens, respectively, was used to study the effect of iv injection of the following platinum compounds: cis-dichlorodiammine platinum, dichloro 1,2 benzenediamine N,N' platinum, cis-dichlorobis(cyclohexylamine) platinum, and cis-dichlorobis(cyclopentylamine) platinum, on murine T and B splenic lymphocytes. The results indicated that platinum compounds were more toxic to T-lymphocyte function than to B-lymphocyte function. These results were from both single-dose-time-course analysis and dose-response studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Lymphocyte transformation in patients with breast cancer and the effect of surgery.

Lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in vitro was subnormal in forty of fifty-one patients with breast cancer. After apparently successful surgery, lymphocyte response improved significantly in most of those in whom it had been previously impaired. It remained markedly subnormal in only five patients, two of whome subsequently died of metastases. This finding indicates that depressed cell mediated immunity in patients with breast cancer is the result of the malignant disease. Failure of the PHA response to revert to normal postoperatively may indicate a poor prognosis.

Aged↗