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Biomedical subjects

E A Ellis

Publications and source records attributed to E A Ellis.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Antioxidant enzyme suppression of demyelination in experimental optic neuritis.

Detoxification of hydrogen peroxide by the antioxidant enzyme catalase suppressed the neurologic manifestations of acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and prevented death of treated adult strain-13 guinea pigs. The oxygen radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) delayed the onset of paralysis by one day, but did not prevent death from encephalomyelitis common to most of this group and all untreated animals. Histopathologic analysis of the optic nerves confirmed a statistically significant reduction in demyelination with catalase treatment, but not with SOD. Hydrogen peroxide, and/or its conversion products, discharged by phagocytic mononuclear cells, may play a role in the pathogenesis of demyelination in experimental optic neuritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Chemonucleolysis as an alternative to laminectomy for the herniated lumbar disc. Experience with patients in a private orthopedic practice.

Three hundred thirty-five patients with herniated lumbar intervertebral discs were injected with chymopapain. The overall success rate was 76%. The success rate was higher for private insurance patients (89%) than for Worker's Compensation patients (66%). There were no serious complications and patients spent fewer days in the hospital and returned to work faster than patients with laminectomies. Chemonucleolysis is an excellent alternative to open surgery for treatment of a herniated lumbar disc, especially if patients are selected carefully and good technique is strictly followed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Scanning electron microscopic analysis of intraocular ossification in advanced retinal disease.

Chicken eyes from congenic blind (rd/rd) animals showing early, intermediate, and final stages of ossification, similar to the phthisis bulbi condition in man, were examined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as light microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. Early stages of ossification were devoid of mineralized calcium apatite while intermediate and end stages of the disorder contained large amounts of calcium and phosphorus. This process resulted in metaplastic bone formation. An intact Bruch's membrane appeared to separate the choroid from the degenerated pigment epithelium and the developing bone suggesting that its possible origin was metaplasia of the retinal pigment epithelium and the degenerated sensory retina. The end-stage ossification resulted in "phthisic bone" formation which completely filled the vitreous cavity in a manner very similar to the human condition of phthisis bulbi.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Influence of antioxidant enzymes in reduction of optic disc edema in experimental optic neuritis.

Acute experimental allergic optic neuritis was induced in 18 adult strain-13 guinea pigs. The animals were divided into three groups. The first group of six animals received intraperitoneal injections of saline, the second group received superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the third group received catalase, given daily, starting 1 week after encephalogenic myelin sensitization. Morphometric analysis of longitudinal histopathologic sections of the optic nerve head revealed that the animals treated with the antioxidant enzyme catalase had a statistically significant reduction of optic disc edema when compared to the saline-treated group. Although animals treated with SOD had less optic disc swelling than the saline-treated controls, the differences were not statistically significant. These results indicate that detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, released by invading inflammatory cells, can reduce the severity of axonal swelling within the optic nerve head.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Methods for removing uranyl acetate precipitate from ultrathin sections.

Precipitate resulting from en bloc staining with uranyl acetate was removed by treating sections with 15% oxalic acid in 50% methanol for 30 minutes at 40 C. Precipitate resulting from poststaining sections with hot uranyl acetate was removed by rinsing sections in 0.25-0.50% aqueous oxalic acid for 10-15 seconds at room temperature. Rinsing sections for longer than 30 seconds removed uranyl precipitate and also destained the sections. These procedures did not damage the embedding medium or cellular detail.

Aedes↗
PubMed1975

Preparation of coenocytes for freeze-etching.

Successful freeze-etching of a coenocyte has been accomplished with glutaraldehyde stabilization followed by infiltration with cryoprotectant. Hyphae of the coenocytic water mold Achlya were stabilized with 5% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer. Gradual infiltration by dropwise addition of the cryoprotectant (25% glycerol, 10% ethylene glycol, distilled water, v/v) is accomplished over a period of 8-10 hr on a shaker. Subsequent freeze-etching is carried out by standard procedures.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1974

Sexual morphogenesis in Achlya: ultrastructural basis for the hormonal induction of antheridial hyphae.

Male strains of the water mold Achlya ambisexualis produce antheridial hyphae in response to the steroid hormone antheridiol. The antheridial hypha is postulated to be initiated through a localized wall softening with the enzyme cellulase. Freeze-etch studies of hormone-treated hyphae were conducted to determine if aggregates of vesicles are induced at the location of new antheridial hyphae. Localized aggregates of vesicles were found in conjunction with areas of wall thinning. These data suggest that the processes of vesiculation and secretion provide a mechanism for concentration of cellulase at the site of initiation of antheridial hyphae.

Cellulase↗