Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E A Fedorova.
Treadmill training of spinalized rats creates conditions for early appearance of rhythmic locomotor movements of the hind limbs. Recovery of the movements was paralleled by an appropriate structural organization of neurons in the anterior horns of the distal compartment of the spinal cord.
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Dynamics of transplants of human embryonic spinal cord fragments development in adult rat spinal cord was studied in immunosuppression. Transplants were shown to take roots and their cellular elements proliferated and differentiated. The peculiarity of such transplants is the lack of rough glio-connective tissue scar. Graft development in the spinal cord depends on histoblastic potential of the tissue transplanted and recipient spinal cord reaction to the transplantation.
The reaction of rejection takes place in most cases of xeno-transplantations. It can be suppressed by hydrocortisone which inhibits processes of cell immunity. As a result the take of transplants is observed in 100% of cases. Processes of proliferation and differentiation of their cell elements are delayed. Little differentiated cells capable of mitotic division were noted to group into rosettes which might result from trauma of embryonic nervous tissues during taking the material or a reaction to the action of the environment. The injury of the spinal cord is followed by the formation of a scar deforming the surrounding structures which is formed not only by the glial but also by the connective tissue cells of spinal membranes. Against the background of immunosuppression a small soft scar is formed between the transplant and the host spinal cord consisting mainly of fibrous astrocytes.
Pieces of the wall obtained from the anterior cerebral bladder of human embryos at the age of 8-10 weeks can survive in the spinal cord of mature animals. In the transplant, unlike the normal embryonal histogenesis, neuroepithelial cells make groups of rosellas. The differentiation process of cells of the human nervous tissue transplant can be followed in the rat spinal cord without any immune suppression up to the end of the 2d month of development. During the 3d month the transplant neuroblasts perish as a result of the immune reaction.
Plasmapheresis efficacy was demonstrated in the treatment of the nephrotic syndrome as a manifestation of various types of glomerulonephritis. Plasmapheresis could be used independently for the treatment of the nephrotic syndrome. It was shown to be a method of choice in case of the impossibility of common therapy. Plasmapheresis was well tolerated by patients causing no complications.
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The authors present their own experience in the management of 7 patients with acute glomerulonephritis aged over 60. The efficacy of combined therapy including heparin, disaggregants, plasmapheresis of small doses of prednisolone. They also emphasize a possibility of acute disease changing into chronic one. Peculiarities of the management of glomerulonephritis in combination with numerous concomitant diseases are described.
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The original hypoxemia, hypercapnia, high pulmonary hypertension, high resistance of microcirculation vessels, right volumetric ventricular overload, persistent sub-edema of pulmonary intersticium as well as disparity of ventilation and perfusion between both lungs are the main problems in patients with chronic obstructive disease of the lungs (CODL). Such patients are, as a rule, intolerant to the independent lung collaboration or artificial single-stage ventilation (ASV). Patients with respiratory insufficiency, stages 2 and 3, and with a pronounced impaired type of ventilation have originally a deranged blood gas composition, like hypoxemia or hypercapnia. The application of volume-controllable bi-pulmonary ASV in such patients maintains an adequate gas exchange hemodynamics. However, ASV is accompanied by a significantly reduced gas-exchange function of the single ventilated lung and by essentially worsened intrapulmonary hemodynamics. Therefore, what is needed is to use alternative methods of independent lung ventilation in order to eliminate the gas-exchange impairments and to enable surgical interventions at thoracic organs in such patients (who are intolerant to ASV). A choice of a method and means of oxygen supply to the independent lung is of great importance. The possibility to avoid a high pressure in the airways, while maintaining, simultaneously, an adequate gas exchange, makes the method related with maintaining a constant positive pressure in the airways (CPPA) a priority one in case of CODL patients. The use of constant high-frequency ventilation in the independent lung in patients with obstructive pulmonary lesions does not improve the gas exchange or hemodynamics. Simultaneously, a growing total pulmonary resistance and an increasing pressure in the pulmonary artery are observed. Consequently, the discussed method must not be used for the ventilation support of the independent lung in patients with the obstructive type of the impaired external breathing function.
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