Biomedical subjects

E A Gallagher

Publications and source records attributed to E A Gallagher.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

A study of intracolonic hydrogen and methane levels during colonoscopy.

Gas samples were obtained during colonoscopy for analysis. Patients were prepared with polyethylene glycol (PEG) (N = 23), phosphate enema (N = 34) and mannitol (N = 4). Air insufflation was used in all procedures. High concentrations of hydrogen were detected in 3 out of 38 gas samples in the PEG group, in 2 of 41 samples in the phosphate enema group and in one of the 8 samples in the mannitol group. All patients had a coexisting intracolonic oxygen concentration > 5%. The results suggest that potentially explosive concentrations of hydrogen may occur after conventional bowel preparations, and that insufflation of carbon dioxide during polypectomy should be a routine.

Colon↗

PubMed1990

Mosaic expression of dystrophin in carriers of canine X-linked muscular dystrophy.

The expression of dystrophin was examined immunocytochemically in skeletal and cardiac muscle of canine carriers of X-linked muscular dystrophy, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In skeletal muscle, the expression of dystrophin was heterogeneous, individual fibers being strongly positive, negative, or intermediate in staining. Some fibers expressed dystrophin discontinuously along their length. Between 4 and 24 weeks of age, the expression of dystrophin in skeletal muscle of carriers became more uniform and the number of negative fibers declined. In the heart dystrophin was also expressed in a mosaic pattern, individual cells being either fully positive or negative by immunocytochemistry. There was no apparent change in the pattern of expression between 12 weeks and 4 years of age. These results indicate that in the mosaic skeletal muscle fibers of carriers dystrophin is initially expressed in a heterogeneous pattern and that, in time, it becomes more uniformly distributed. This change could be explained by recruitment of competent satellite cells or by gradual diffusion of the protein.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1989

Intracellular calcium in canine muscle biopsies.

Intracellular staining for calcium was studied in muscle biopsies from 15 dogs by the alizarin red S (ARS) stain. Rare positive fibres were present in normal muscle and in denervation atrophy. The percentage of positive fibres was slightly increased in polymyositis, dermatomyositis and canine temporal/masseter myositis and markedly increased in progressive muscular dystrophy. Calcium-positive fibres were usually so-called large-dark (hypercontracted) fibres or necrotic fibres, although there was occasional staining of normal and atrophied fibres. These results indicate the probable involvement of calcium in muscle injury in canine inflammatory myopathies and in canine muscular dystrophy. In addition, use of the ARS stain appears to be useful for detecting the earliest lesions of acute muscle fibre injury.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1986

Nemaline myopathy of cats.

An apparently inherited myopathy, characterized by the presence of large numbers of nemaline rods in skeletal muscle fibers, was investigated in five cats. Onset of signs varied from 6 months to 1.5 years of age and consisted of reluctance to move, jerky gait and muscle twitching, hyporeflexia, and muscle wasting, which was most prominent in the proximal muscles of the forelimbs. All of the cats, three males and two females, were from the same dam. In addition to the presence of rods, the myopathy was characterized by marked fiber size variation, with atrophy of type 1 and type 2a muscle fibers. In addition, there was infolding of the sarcolemma and fiber splitting. Ultrastructurally, the rods closely resembled those described in human nemaline myopathy.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1985

Asymptomatic giant cell arteritis.

A 71-year-old asymptomatic man was investigated because of anemia and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Temporal artery biopsy showed that he had active giant cell arteritis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of giant cell arteritis in an asymptomatic patient. Giant cell arteritis may remain undiagnosed during life in many cases and may be an important cause of unexplained anemia in the elderly.

Aged↗