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Biomedical subjects

E A Granados

Publications and source records attributed to E A Granados.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Cystitis glandularis].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the presenting features, diagnosis and treatment of cystitis glandularis. METHODS/RESULTS: 15 patients consulted for voiding syndrome, hematuria, hypogastric pain and chronic cystitis. Ten patients were evaluated by IVP which showed bilateral ectasia in 6, an abnormal renal pelvis in one and the remaining three patients were normal. Eight patients were evaluated by cystography which showed a reduced bladder capacity in three, bilateral reflux in three and an abnormal bladder wall in two patients. Urinalysis was performed in all 15 patients; only 5 patients showed a positive culture. These 5 patients had recurrent episodes and underwent cystoscopy and biopsy and/or TUR. Sixty percent was associated with a foreign body, lithiasis, bladder exstrophy, pelvic lipomatosis and BPH. Diagnosis was based on the histological findings; 40% had a bladder tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with cystitis glandularis present with voiding syndrome and chronic cystitis. The IVP, US and cystographic findings are usually normal or may indicate a tumor. Diagnosis is based on the histological findings.

Cystitis↗
PubMed1998

[What information can radiodiagnostic media give us when recurrent urinary infections in childhood are caused by functional pathology and anatomic anomalies?].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the alterations of the radiologic studies in children with recurrent urinary tract infection without urinary tract organic abnormalities. METHODS: The present study comprised 50 children (8 boys, 42 girls) aged 4 to 36 months (mean 16 months). Patient evaluation included diagnostic voiding cystourethrogram, ultrasonography and intravenous urography. RESULTS: Voiding and filling cystourethrography were performed in all cases, which demonstrated a trabeculated bladder (like fringes in the bladder wall); 35 of the 50 children had small bladders; 15 of the 50 children had a normal or bigger, but flaccid bladder. Forty-four children showed signs of intermittent obstruction in the posterior urethra during the voiding phase. The intravenous urogram showed a small bladder with different degrees of trabeculation and residual urine in 15 of 38 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Radiologic diagnostic studies can discard organic abnormalities of the urinary tract and can be useful un detecting a possible functional disorder.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1998

[Which treatment should children with recurrent urinary infections, without anatomical anomalies, receive?].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the best treatment for children with recurrent infection of the lower urinary tract and without anatomical abnormalities. METHODS: A clinical study was conducted on 150 children (30 boys and 120 girls), aged 4 to 36 months (mean 16), with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) and no radiological evidence of anatomical abnormalities. They were divided into three groups: group I was treated with a single nightly prophylactic dose of an antibiotic; group II received a single nightly dose of oxybutinin, or divided in 2-4 doses; group III received a single nightly prophylactic dose of an antibiotic and oxybutinin as in group II. RESULTS: There were more episodes of UTI in group I (44/50), more hospitalizations and problems of malnutrition, and a longer period of treatment was required. In group II, 14/50 children had episodes of UTI, their nutritional status improved and there were less hospitalizations. In group III, 3/50 children had episodes of UTI; they were the best responders and required a shorter duration of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic therapy requires a longer period of treatment. The use of oxybutinin is an alternative modality in the treatment of these children. Combination therapy with a single nightly dose of an antibiotic and anticholinergic (oxybutinin) appears to be the best therapeutic modality for children with recurrent UTI and no anatomical abnormality.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1998

[The use of transabdominal ultrasound in the estimation of postmicturitional residual urine].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility and accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound in the estimation of postmicturition residual urine in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS/RESULTS: The postvoid residual urine was evaluated in 50 selected patients with BPH. The mean age was 60 years. The bladder volume was estimated in all patients and ranged from 210-540 ml (average 339.2). After voiding, the amount of urine was measured and ranged from 145-350 ml (average 223.5). Then the postmicturition residual urine was evaluated by ultrasound (range 60-264 ml; average 112.86) and compared with the bladder catheter measurements (range 50-265 ml; average 112.6), which showed a minimum difference of +/- 3.84 ml SD. CONCLUSION: Transabdominal ultrasound is a good alternative in the estimation of postmicturition residual urine.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1998

[Flutamide, an alternative for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) that cannot be treated with surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of flutamide in patients with physical and/or mental disorders consulting for urinary symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: 50 patients with BPH in whom surgical treatment was contraindicated due to their physical and/or mental condition were treated with flutamide 250 mg/day. Four patients presented with urinary retention and 46 patients had prostatic symptomatology. Patients were evaluated using the symptoms score (I-PSS) and quality of life (QL). Prostate volume was measured by transabdominal US; the maximum flow rate at spontaneous micturition and residual urine were determined. RESULTS: At 12 months, the I-PSS and QL scores decreased by a mean of 7 and 3 points, respectively. The US demonstrated that treatment had reduced prostatic volume by a mean of 10 gms. The maximum flow rate at spontaneous micturition increased 3 ml/sec and residual urine decreased by 15 ml. CONCLUSION: Flutamide is another alternative to surgery in specific patients with BPH.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1998

[Should hernioplasty be combined with surgery of the prostate?].

OBJECTIVE: In some patients consulting for a prostatic condition, inguinal hernia might be incidentally discovered during evaluation. The results achieved by simultaneous prostatectomy and hernia repair are presented. METHODS: 52 patients with hyperplasia of the prostate and inguinal hernia underwent treatment for both conditions during the same surgical procedure. Patient ages ranged from 56-88 years. All patients underwent suprapubic prostatectomy and hernia repair. RESULTS: 35 patients had indirect and 17 direct inguinal hernia; 13 were bilateral and 39 unilateral. The hernia had been present from one month of 22 years (mean 46 months). Symptoms related with prostate enlargement had been present from one month to 22 years (mean 40 months). Herniorrhaphy was performed through the inguinal incision in 13 cases, prostatectomy was performed through a midline incision in 50 cases, and the Pfannenstiel incision was utilized in two cases. Pathological analysis showed 49 cases had BPH and 3 had cancer of the prostate. Hernia repair was done using the Bassini procedure in 35 cases, 18 cases had a Mac Vay procedure, preperitoneal herniorrhaphy was performed in one case, and closure and ligation of the sac in 11 cases. There were 15 cases of recurrence (28.8%). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with BPH or prostatic cancer and inguinal hernia, prostatectomy and herniorrhaphy can be performed during the same session without increasing patient morbidity and mortality. Urological surgeons should be familiar with this combined procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Testicular torsion before 6 hours. I].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of testicular torsion within the first 6 hours, and to emphasize the need for early diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: The records of 33 patients treated for testicular torsion within the first 6 hours were reviewed. We evaluated the reason for consultation, previous patient history, clinical features, urinalysis findings, diagnostic methods and surgical findings. RESULTS: The most common reason for consultation was scrotal pain. Twelve patients had a previous history of ascending testis. Urinalysis was normal in 25 patients. Diagnosis was based on the clinical findings. Thirty-two testes were preserved. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of testicular torsion within the first 6 hours are usually based on the clinical findings. Early treatment can achieve testicular viability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Testicular torsion between 6 and 12 hours. II].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of testicular torsion between 6-12 hours. METHODS: The records of 47 patients treated for testicular torsion within 6-12 hours were reviewed. We evaluated the reason for consultation, previous patient history, clinical features, urinalysis findings, diagnostic methods and surgical findings. RESULTS: The reason for consultation was scrotal pain in 42 patients; 17% of the patients had a previous history of ascending testis. Orchidectomy was required in 17% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: The need for performing orchidectomy is higher in cases with testicular torsion diagnosed between 6-12 hours. The results of urinalysis are generally normal. The clinical findings and the diagnostic techniques are useful in making early diagnosis and instituting early treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Testicular torsion after 12 hours. III].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the damage caused by testicular torsion after 12 hours. METHODS: The records of 59 patients treated for testicular torsion after 12 hours were reviewed. We evaluated the reason for consultation, previous patient history, clinical features, urinalysis findings, diagnostic methods and surgical findings. RESULTS: The reason for consultation was scrotal pain in 81% of the patients: 61% were referred to the left testis. Seventeen percent of the patients had a previous history of ascending testis. Scrotal US was useful in making the diagnosis in 92% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: Testicular damage or loss can occur if testicular torsion is diagnosed after 12 hours. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Should one perform supravesical urinary diversions with excluded bladder in patients with cancer?].

OBJECTIVE: To review our experience in 37 patients who had undergone supravesical urinary diversion with defunctionalized bladder left in situ. METHODS: The pathological conditions that indicated surgery were advanced infiltrating bladder carcinoma and bladder irradiation due to other pelvic organ malignancies. RESULTS: The analysis showed 70.25% of the patients had complications, the most common being hemorrhage (27.07%), followed by pyocyst (13.51%). Four patients (10.81%) required rehospitalization for treatment of complications. The patients were treated with a combination of parenteral antibiotics and continuous bladder irrigations using a variety of antiseptic solutions. One patient required a permanent cystostomy. CONCLUSION: There is a need to evaluate the benefit of the supravesical urinary diversion with defunctionalized bladder left in situ in patients with advanced infiltrating bladder carcinoma and bladder irradiation due to other pelvic organ malignancies. The type of diversion is unrelated to the complications that develop in the defunctionalized bladder. Patients with positive urine cultures and/or urethral stricture preoperatively have an increased risk of developing pyocyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Follow-up of the remaining bladder after supravesical urinary diversion.

OBJECTIVES: To review our experience in 14 patients who underwent supravesical urinary diversion maintaining their defunctionalized bladder in situ. METHODS: A variety of pathological entities indicated surgery, including neurogenic bladder, urinary tuberculosis (with severely contracted bladder), interstitial cystitis, and retroperitoneal fibrosis. RESULTS: Global analysis revealed a total of 11 patients (78.5%) who presented complications, the most frequent being mucopurulent and bloody secretions (28.5%), and painful bladder spasms (14.2%), followed by hemorrhage, pyocystis, hypogastric or urethral pain, and sepsis. CONCLUSION: Two patients (14.2%) required hospitalization for treatment of complications. The majority of complications were treated successfully with bladder irrigations and antibiotics. One patient required total cystectomy secondary to pyocystis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Ultrasound in testicular torsion].

Thirty-two patients were evaluated by scrotal ultrasound prior to examination due to testicular torsion. Typical ultrasonographic patterns of testicular torsion were obtained in 100% within the first 6 hours, 25% between 6-12 hours, and 91.6% after 12 hours; the overall percentage was 84.4% for all cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Intravaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence].

OBJECTIVES: This analyzes the usefulness of transvaginal endosonography before and after surgery in patients with stress urinary incontinence. METHODS: We evaluated the bladder contour in 50 patients by transvaginal endosonography and the distance from the bladder neck to the pubis was measured with and without stress. If the distance was greater than 1 cm, it was presumed that the patient had stress urinary incontinence. RESULTS: In these 50 patients, the distance between the bladder neck and the pubis without stress ranged from 15 mm to 28 mm (mean 32 mm). In 47 patients (94%), we observed a displacement of the bladder base and neck to the pubis greater than 1 cm, indicating stress urinary incontinence. Transvaginal endosonography was performed four weeks later and proved to be useful in patient evaluation postoperatively, regardless of the surgical technique utilized. CONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal endosonography is a useful in the preoperative evaluation of patients with stress urinary incontinence and in evaluating the results of colposuspension.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Desmopressin: the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis].

OBJECTIVES: The efficacy of desmopressin, a drug that reduces nocturnal urine volume with no side effects, was evaluated in a group of 21 patients. METHODS: 20 boys and 1 girl with primary nocturnal enuresis were treated with intranasal desmopressin (DDAVP) for a period of 12 weeks. RESULTS: An improvement in 80.95% was achieved. Following treatment enuresis recurred, but to a lesser degree than before therapy. CONCLUSIONS: DDAVP is useful in the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis whose etiology is not organic or functional.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Prostatic abscess: diagnosis and treatment.

We present a series of 25 men with prostatic abscesses studied during an 11-year interval in whom prostatic fluctuation upon digital rectal examination was the most characteristic sign. Transrectal ultrasound was the most reliable method for diagnosis and transurethral drainage under antibiotic coverage was the ideal treatment for this disease.

Abscess↗
PubMed1992

[Multiple organ metastasis following nephrectomy for renal carcinoma].

We report a case of TNM stage II renal carcinoma with metastasis to lungs, contralateral adrenal gland and skin within 5 years following nephrectomy. The patient underwent lobectomy, adrenalectomy and cutaneous excision biopsy. The clinical course and management of metastases are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Pelvic melanoma].

Report of a patient diagnosed with having a pelvian mass which histologically was a melanoma. Discussion of the possible causes of retrovesical mass and treatment of the melanoma.

Humans↗