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Biomedical subjects

E A Il'in

Publications and source records attributed to E A Il'in.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Problems of exobiology: the origin of life on Earth].

The basic problem of exobiology is origin and evolution of life as a space phenomenon. Consideration is given to the facts for the space origin, spreading in the interstellar space of and invasion of the surface of planets by organic compounds, constituents of archetypes of living systems. The authors bring up to discussion the issues of life development under the conditions of Earth, and formation of the main properties of the living organisms differing in the level of organization. Outlined are some international projects on exobiological research in experiments with bio-objects on space platforms.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed1998

[Comparative analysis of changes in rats organisms exposed to microgravity and head-down suspension].

Comparative analysis of metabolic and structural shifts in rats following 14 days of microgravity aboard biosatellite Cosmos-2044 and their tail-suspended synchronous controls gave evidence that suspension-induced deprivation of hind limbs of support loading yields inherent to microgravity shifts the endocrine control of energy, plastic, and mineral metabolism. The conclusion has been drawn that tail-suspension can be used as a model of the microgravity effects on the musculoskeletal apparatus and the endocrine systems controlling metabolism in muscles and bones.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The contribution of space biology and medicine to the solution of ecological problems].

Space biology and medicine solving the problems of space exploration by a man is thereby contributed to the solution of the ecological problems. Theoretically, it is an enrichment of the existing ideas of the biosphere and biological consequences of an anthropogenic effect on the biosphere. Practically, these are: the novel means and methods of the environmental monitoring; the databases of the ecology of a healthy man; the countermeasures and methods to prevent and protect a man from the impacts of unfavourable environmental factors.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1977

[Influence of adaptation to altitude hypoxia and subsequent de-adaptation on the retention of a temporary connection].

Adaptation to simulated altitude hypoxia was followed by a significant increase of the degree of retention of active avoidance of the conditioned reflex. Twenty four hours after the reflex elaboration the adapted rats required only half of conditioned and unconditioned stimulus combinations in the reflex retention test than control ones. This effect was reproduced 1 and 5 days after the cessation of hypoxic training. The obtained increase in the degree of the conditioned reflex retention disappeared during deadaptation 10 and 27 days after the cessation of hypoxic training.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Determination of the ammonia content in the atmosphere of biosatellite mock-ups and approaches to its standardization].

The concentrations of ammonia having an irritating and acute effect on intact rats and hypokinetic rats were determined. The thresholds of the chronic effect were calculated for each group of animals. The 30-day hypokinesia increased the animal sensitivity to ammonia: the threshold of the irritating effect decreased twice. The atmosphere in an enclosure equipped with an automatic life support system was examined during 30-day integrated animal experiments. Ammonia proved to be the major contaminant. Its concentration increased gradually, remaining for the longest part of the experiments (28 days) below the threshold of the chronic effect (40 mg/m3).

Ammonia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experiments using rats on Kosmos biosatellites: morphologic and biochemical studies].

Results of morphological and biochemical investigations of rats flown on Cosmos biosatellites are discussed. It is emphasized that most changes occurring during exposure to microgravity are directly or indirectly related to lower musculoskeletal loads which in turn produce deconditioning of different physiological systems and organism as a whole. It is concluded that this deconditioning is associated with both metabolic and structural changes.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experiments on rats exposed in the Cosmos 1667 biosatellite (goals, protocols, results)].

Morphobiochemical investigations of the rats flown on the biosatellite Cosmos-1667 have shown that the 7-day space flight produces shifts in different systems, organs and tissues which reflect adaptive processes to microgravity. Early signs of structural, functional and metabolic rearrangement can be detected in the musculoskeletal apparatus, hemopoietic system, lymphoid organs, neurohormonal systems, i.e., in the systems and organs that develop changes during long-term flights. The rates of adaptation to microgravity are different not only in various systems and organs but also within the same tissues. Most shifts that emerge at an early stage of adaptation to microgravity progress with flight time but some of them develop to a full extent after the 7-day flight. The specific feature of the early stage of adaptation to microgravity is the lack of significant changes in blood biochemistry in the presence of structural and metabolic changes in tissues. This fact gives evidence that the mechanisms maintaining homeostasis at the organism level are not as yet disrupted during 7 days of flight.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The Cosmos biosatellite: achievements and research outlook].

This is an overview of the results of biological and physiological investigations in flights of biosatellites of the Cosmos series. A detailed description of biomedical equipment is presented. The major lines of research to be performed in the near and far future are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of weightlessness and and its simulations on the mechanical properties of the bones of animals undergoing torsion].

Mechanical properties (stress and strain) of bones from rats of different ages exposed to weightlessness, hypodynamia or hypokinesia were examined upon torsion. As compared to the controls, the femur of Cosmos-1129 rats showed high deformability. Also, skeletal bones of young rats proved more sensitive to hypodynamia than those of adult animals.

Aging↗