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Biomedical subjects

E A Lukina

Publications and source records attributed to E A Lukina.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Wilson's disease and secondary copper hemochromatoses in hematological practice].

AIM: To characterize clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic syndromes of copper overloading in patients with hepatic lesion in combination with hemopoietic disorder. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Treatment results and diagnostic findings are presented for patients with clinical picture of liver cirrhosis, cytopenia and copper overloading. The examination included standard clinical and specific tests, morphological investigation of the bone marrow, copper metabolism in dynamics. RESULTS: A case of a patient is reported in whom Wilson's disease presented in debut with a picture of decompensated liver cirrhosis and immune thrombocytopania complicated by recurrent hemorrhagic syndrome. D-penicillomine treatment initiated ex juvantibus allowed verification of the diagnosis of Wilson's disease and achievement of marked clinical response. In another case laboratory signs of copper overloading were revealed in a patient with liver cirrhosis of viral etiology (HBsAg+) and deep cytopenia associated with uneffective hemopoiesis. Chelator therapy with D-penicillamine regressed cytopenic syndrome and improved functional capacity of the liver. CONCLUSION: Primary or secondary nature of copper overloading in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and critical cytopenia, pathogenesis of cytopenic syndrome, practical significance of copper hemochromatoses diagnosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Cytokine system in patients with chronic hepatitis C during treatment with interferon-alfa].

AIM: To study changes in serum levels of interleukine-1 beta (IL-1b), IL-6, TNF-alpha (TNFa), HM-HMF and TFR-1 beta (TFR-1b), expression of surface antigens CD14 and CD95 on blood monocytes from patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) treated with interferon-alpha (INFa). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Examinations covered 25 CHC patients and 25 healthy controls. Concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors in blood serum were measured with ELISA (kits by "R&D systems", USA). CD14 and CD95 antigen expression on monocytes of venous blood were studied using flow cytoflowmeter (Partes, USA) before and after a 12-week course of INFa. RESULTS: Before INFa treatment CHC patients had significantly elevated serum concentrations of TNFa, HM-KSF and TFR-1b. Coexpression of antigens CD14+ and CD95+ was found on 61% of blood monocytes. Three-month INFa treatment lowered levels of TNFa, GM-KSF and CD95+ expression on monocytes as well as TFR-1b concentration in the serum which correlated with a positive trend in the standard clinicolaboratory and virusological indices in the examinees. CONCLUSION: Changes in serum indices of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors, in expression of CD95 on blood monocytes from CHC patients treated with INFa show an important role of cytokines system activation and mechanisms of programmed cell death in pathogenesis of chronic HCV infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Cytokine production in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C during treatment with interferon-alpha].

Serum content of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha) and growth factors (GM-CSF, TGF-1 beta) and expression of CD14 and CD95 antigens on peripheral blood monocytes before and after 12-day therapy with alpha-interferon were studied in 25 patients with chronic viral hepatitis C (VHC). The concentrations of TNF alpha, GM-CSF, and TGF-1 beta were significantly increased (p < 0.05) and coexpression of CD14+ and CD95+ antigens on monocytes was increased by 61% in VHC patients in comparison with the control. After 3 months of therapy with alpha-interferon, the content of TNF alpha, GM-CSF, and TGF-1 beta essentially decreased and that of IL-6 increased; this was paralleled by improvement of clinical and laboratory parameters and decrease of coexpression of CD14+ and CD95+ antigens on blood monocytes. Modulation of the functions of immunocompetent cells and changed production of cytokines are apparently one of the mechanisms of inhibitory effect of alpha-interferon on HCV infection. Study of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors in the serum and expression of CD14 and CD 95 antigens on monocytes can serve as additional tests for evaluating the efficiency of interferon therapy in patients with VHC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Cytokine regulation of liver inflammation and fibrosis during chronic hepatic diseases].

Serum concentrations of antiinflammatory cytokines and growth factors were measured in 30 patients with chronic viral hepatitis (HCV), mainly HCV RNA, and 10 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), classes B and C according to Child-Pew. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), granulocytic-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and growth-transforming factor-1 beta (TGF1 beta) were increased in 63.86 and 80% patients with HCV and LC, respectively, and differed significantly (p < 0.05) from the control. The level of TNF alpha positively correlated with the concentration of alanine aminotransferase (r = 0.14). A positive correlation between TGF1 beta and histologic activity index was detected (r = 0.16). Increased levels (p < 0.05) of IL-5, TNF alpha, and TGF1 beta were detected in LC patients in comparison with the control. Patients with LC concomitant with anemia had higher (though not significantly) concentrations of TNF alpha in comparison with patients without anemia. Increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors in the sera of patients with HCV and LC indicate activation of immunocompetent cells, including mononuclear phagocytes. These data are in line with experimental findings, indicating an important role of the studied cytokines in the development of hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and cytopenic syndromes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Hematological syndromes in patients with chronic hepatitis C].

AIM: To examine hemopoiesis and to estimate proinflammatory cytokines in blood serum from 42 patients with chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) associated with 1-3 lineage cytopenia in the blood. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 42 patients with diagnostically complicated hematological picture suggestive of hemoblastosis were examined using standard tests, bone marrow puncture and trepanobiopsy, laparoscopy with biopsy of the liver and spleen, transcutaneous puncture biopsy of the liver under ultrasonic control, explorative laparotomy with splenectomy and liver biopsy and, on demand, laboratory tests for hemolysis, presence of antithrombocytic and antileukocytic antibodies, iron metabolism, karyological analysis of bone marrow cells was also made. RESULTS: The majority of the patients were diagnosed to have chronic hepatitis C with low activity of hepatic inflammation and frequent (55%) absence of the diagnostic antibodies to hepatitis C virus in the serum. In 86% of cases blood cytopenia reflected uneffective hemopoiesis and in 14% of cases hemopoiesis hypoplasia was found. CONCLUSION: Uneffective hemopoiesis, high content of immune response cells-effectors in the bone marrow and high concentration of TNF in the serum indirectly evidence for a pathogenetic relationship of chronic HCV infection with cytopenic hematological syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Hemopoiesis in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia].

Hemopoiesis and functional activity of monocytes were assessed in 30 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). Changes in haemogram in CMML are characterized by anemia, thrombocytopenia, normal or increased count of leukocytes with absolute monocytosis and increased count of young granulocytes. Bone marrow hemopoiesis is characterized by enhanced proliferation of cellular elements of granulocytopoiesis and monocytes, suppressed erythropoiesis and megakaryocytopoiesis. Dysplastic changes are most expressed in the erythrocytic stem cells. Studies of lysosomal enzymes showed their increased activity in monocytes of CMML patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Fevers of unknown origin: new aspects of an old problem].

Fever is an important component of immune response of the organism to various stimulating effects (trauma, infection, inflammation). This complex process comprises activation of monocytes/ macrophages, their synthesis and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and realization of multiple biological effects of cytokines including growth stimulation and differentiation of hemopoietic cells. Recently, there has appeared a trend to growing number of cases with uncommon hyperthermia and 2-3 germ cytopenia in the blood. Activation of the macrophage system and hyperproduction of proinflammatory cytokines can be viewed not only as an essential mechanism of hemopoiesis stimulation but also as a potential cause of hemodepression. The paper analyzes the relations between high functional activity of the macrophage system and development of cytopenia in patients with persistent fever. Functional activity of the macrophage system was studied on the model of patients with tumors or reactive proliferations of monocytes-macrophages as the latter are the main sources of IL-1-cytokine--a mediator of human fever. To prove the suggested correlation and its significance, a correlation analysis was made of 29 clinical and laboratory parameters in 184 patients and 100 controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Hematological dispensary care for the participants in the cleanup of the aftermath of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

Standard (hemogram, routine biochemical indices) and non-standard hematological parameters reflecting monocytic-macrophagal system (MMS) function and antioxidant defense were investigated in 140 subjects who had worked in radionuclide-contaminated zone after the Chernobyl accident. As shown by measurements of iron serum metabolism, lysozyme, total interferon, CIC, chemiluminescence of venous blood mononuclear leukocytes, MMS in 50% of them underwent negative changes in suppressed antioxidant defense. Standard hematological findings registered abnormalities only in 8-27% of the examinees.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The morphofunctional characteristics of the mononuclear phagocytes in the concentrated venous blood leukocytes of patients with histiocytosis].

Morphological and cytochemical examinations of mononuclear phagocytes (MP) from venous blood leukoconcentrate were carried out in 25 patients with chronic monocytic leukemia, 7 patients with malignant histiocytosis, 3 patients with Langerhans' cell histiocytosis and 26 patients with reactive proliferations of the cells belonging to MP system associated with autoaggressive, infectious diseases or tumors. Morphofunctional features of MP from the patients with tumor and reactive histiocytosis may serve additional criteria in differential diagnosis of the diseases in which pathological process runs with participation of MP system cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The diagnostic significance of serum ferritin indices in patients with malignant and reactive histiocytosis.

Iron metabolism was studied in 10 patients with malignant histiocytosis (MH), in 16 patients with histiocytosis-X (Langerhans cell histiocytosis) and in 34 patients with reactive proliferation of the mononuclear phagocytes (MPS). Eight MH patients had a considerably increased level of serum ferritin (SF). The average level of SF was 6070 +/- 957 mg/l for MH patients, which is significantly greater than the SF level for HX and RH patients. The study of the serum ferritin profiles suggests that the main pathogenetic mechanism of hyperferritinaemia in MH is the synthesis and secretion of ferritin by neoplastic mononuclear phagocytes. From this, hyperferritinaemia in MH may be considered as pathognomic of this disease and used as an additional diagnostic criterion. In addition, SF is the most informative parameter for the clinical practice among the indices of the functional state of MPS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The treatment of histiocytosis X (Langerhans-cell histiocytosis) with alpha-interferon preparations].

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and histiocytosis class II (without Langerhans cells) were treated in 10 and 2 patients, respectively, with alpha-interferon preparations: recombinant alpha 2-interferon and two combined preparations containing natural alpha-interferon and immune response phase 1 cytokines. The patients' age ranged from 18 to 61 years, all of them had multiple lesions. Six of them exhibited dysfunctions of the affected organs. As shown by the results of 16-52-month follow-up, LCH patients' disease persisted in chronic active stage without progression (8 cases) or reached a complete remission (1 case), one patient died. In histiocytosis class II alpha-interferon administration was uneffective.

Adolescent↗