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Biomedical subjects

E A Olsen

Publications and source records attributed to E A Olsen.

50 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Alopecia: evaluation and management.

The patient presenting with hair loss may have a primary dermatologic disease, a genetically engineered process, an infectious disease, an underlying systemic illness, a drug reaction, or a psychological disorder. By first dividing the process into one of three categories, scarring, diffuse-nonscarring, or patchy-nonscarring, one then can approach the evaluation in a rational manner. Using the bedside techniques of a hair pull, hair pluck, and microscopic hair examination and directed laboratory tests, one can narrow the differential diagnosis and can recommend directed therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy. Case report and review of a multisystemic disease with cutaneous infiltrates.

A report of a patient with the rare syndrome of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy is presented here. This patient is unusual in several respects, including his longevity after diagnosis, the presence of a benign monoclonal gammopathy, and the characterization of his cutaneous infiltrates by immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody markers. A review of the literature on sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, with particular emphasis on cutaneous manifestations, is given.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Changes in serum lipids in patients with condylomata acuminata treated with interferon alfa-n1 (Wellferon).

Nine men with refractory condylomata acuminata were treated with intramuscular interferon alfa-n1 and the effect on their serum lipid levels was noted. Comparison of lipid panels before and after interferon revealed that all nine patients had an increase (median 62 mg/dl, p = 0.004) in their triglyceride level and a decrease (median 21 mg/dl, p = 0.004) in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Total cholesterol levels tended to decrease but the change was not statistically significant. This effect on serum lipids should be considered when interferon alfa-n1 is used in the treatment of genital warts.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1988

Autosomal dominant multiple cylindromas associated with solitary lung cylindroma.

The occurrence of multiple cutaneous cylindromas constitutes an uncommon autosomal dominant cutaneous disorder whose associations usually are limited to other cutaneous tumors. We report here the first case of a patient with multiple cutaneous cylindromas, who concurrently had a benign lung cylindroma with histologic features identical to her skin lesions. She also had a family history of early death from cardiac disease.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma with 2'-deoxycoformycin (pentostatin).

2'-Deoxycoformycin, a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, was administered to three patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma refractory to multiple treatment modalities. Patient 1, who received 5 mg/m2/day for 3 days at 35- to 71-day intervals, has achieved a complete remission greater than 16 months in duration. Patient 2 had progressive disease despite two courses of 2'-deoxycoformycin at a dose of 5 mg/m2/day for 3 days at 28-day intervals. The third patient, who was treated with 4 mg/m2 2'-deoxycoformycin weekly to biweekly, had an initial response, but the disease progressed after eight treatments. Only one patient had any side effects: Patient 1 developed reversible episcleritis, mild elevation of liver enzymes, and persistent nausea and vomiting. In red blood cells of all patients, there was near complete inhibition of adenosine deaminase (91% to 96%) and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (89% to 95%) activities with treatment. In peripheral blood lymphocytes, adenosine deaminase was inhibited by 85% to 98% and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase by 51% to 88%. The deoxyadenosine triphosphate level, reflected by the total cellular adenine deoxyribonucleotide measurement in erythrocytes, was noted to be modestly elevated during treatment, with the highest level in the patient who demonstrated the only complete response and the only toxic effects. Low-dose 2'-deoxycoformycin appears to be safe but may be an insufficiently intensive regimen to treat refractory cutaneous T cell lymphoma. With proper biochemical monitoring, higher doses may be both safe and more effective.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1987

Long-term follow-up of men with male pattern baldness treated with topical minoxidil.

Forty-one men with male pattern baldness completed 132 study weeks (2 years 9 months) with topical minoxidil and had follow-up 1-inch target-area vertex scalp hair counts. Initially these men were treated with either twice-daily 2% topical minoxidil for 12 months or 3% topical minoxidil for 8 to 12 months (one third of the subjects received placebo for the first 4 months). After 12 months all subjects continued to apply 3% topical minoxidil twice daily for 1 more year, after which they were randomized to once- versus twice-daily topical minoxidil for an additional 9 months. Those subjects who changed to once-daily application of topical minoxidil at 2 years had a mean change from baseline nonvellus hair count at 1 year of 291.2 (range of hairs four to 553) and at 2 years 9 months of 235 (two to 592 hairs). Those subjects who continued with twice-daily application of topical minoxidil throughout the study had a mean change from baseline nonvellus hair count at 1 year of 323 (15 to 589 hairs) and 335 (13 to 808 hairs) at 2 years 9 months with maintenance topical minoxidil. There were subjects on both maintenance schedules of topical minoxidil who lost some of the nonvellus hair they had initially gained with topical minoxidil; however, there was a greater mean loss in those patients following the once-daily versus twice-daily topical minoxidil regimen (p = 0.05). No subject lost nonvellus target hair as compared with baseline.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1987

Effect of ultraviolet light on topical minoxidil-induced hair growth in advanced male pattern baldness.

Nine healthy men with type IVa or Va male pattern baldness completed a 4-month single-blinded controlled pilot study designed to assess the effect of ultraviolet light (UVL) on topical minoxidil-induced hair growth. Subjects applied 2% topical minoxidil solution twice daily to their balding scalps and to one target area on the upper arm. These men, all of whom had either skin type II or III, were randomized to also receive either incremental doses of UVB or PUVA (topical psoralen) twice weekly to one side of their scalp and to a 2.5 cm target area on the nonminoxidil-treated upper ipsilateral arm. Vellus, nonvellus, and total hair counts were done in two 1-inch in diameter circular target areas in symmetric regions of the scalp and on each upper arm at regular intervals. All nine subjects had an increase in target nonvellus hair and a net loss of vellus hair in scalp target area treated with topical minoxidil. Concomitant UVL did not have a significant synergistic nor adverse effect on topical minoxidil-induced hair growth.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Topical minoxidil in male pattern baldness: effects of discontinuation of treatment.

Ten men with male pattern baldness who had been treated with 2% or 3% minoxidil for at least 4 months were evaluated for any changes in scalp hair growth on and off drug. Objective assessments by hair counts showed a mean doubling of nonvellus target scalp hairs on topical minoxidil and loss of most of these recruited hairs when the drug was discontinued. Four of ten men had nonvellus hair counts off topical minoxidil that fell below baseline levels. Thus, hair growth on topical minoxidil is not sustained when the drug is discontinued.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1987

Letterer-Siwe disease in an adult.

Letterer-Siwe disease, a proliferative disorder of Langerhans' cells, usually affects children during the first year of life. A 67-year-old woman is described here whose initial manifestation was a characteristic skin eruption. The clinical, pathologic, and ultrastructural features of Letterer-Siwe disease are reviewed and their role in diagnosis discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Dose-response study of topical minoxidil in male pattern baldness.

Eighty-nine healthy men with male pattern baldness completed a 6-month double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, and 2% topical minoxidil. Subjects on 2% topical minoxidil had a statistically significant increase in mean total target area hair count over baseline compared to the placebo, 0.01%, and 0.1% topical minoxidil groups (p = 0.04). Changes from baseline were more impressive with the 2% topical minoxidil group but not significantly different from the 1% topical minoxidil group in all parameters of objective response to treatment. The investigator, however, rated more subjects as having at least a moderate cosmetic response to treatment in the 2% versus 1% topical minoxidil treatment group. These results indicate that 1% topical minoxidil is the lowest effective concentration of topical minoxidil for male pattern baldness of those tested. Because of the more impressive changes in hair counts and the cosmetic preference for the 2% versus 1% topical minoxidil, 2% topical minoxidil may be the standard preferred treatment for male pattern baldness.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Topical clobetasol-17-propionate: review of its clinical efficacy and safety.

Clobetasol-17-propionate, the most potent of currently available topical steroids as predicted by the vasoconstrictor assay, has just been approved in the United States. In psoriasis, it has proved significantly more effective than class II steroids and as or more effective than the only marketed class I steroid. In the more steroid-responsive eczemas, the superior efficacy of clobetasol is also apparent, but less striking. Clobetasol prolongs remission rates, making intermittent treatment schedules feasible and minimizing inherent potential steroid side effects. Clobetasol may also be useful in the treatment of a myriad of other skin conditions. A review of the pharmacology, efficacy, and side effects of this addition to our dermatologic armamentarium is presented here.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Topical minoxidil in early male pattern baldness.

One-hundred twenty-six healthy men with early male pattern baldness completed a 12-month double-blind, controlled trial of 2% and 3% topical minoxidil. Subjects were initially randomly assigned to use placebo or 2% or 3% topical minoxidil. After 4 months of study, the placebo group was crossed over to 3% topical minoxidil. Both objective measurement of hair growth by counting of vellus, terminal, and total hairs in a vertex target balding area and subjective assessment by subject and investigator were done. Treatment of subjects with topical minoxidil for 4 months resulted in a statistically significant increase in terminal hair growth in comparison with placebo therapy. In addition, subjects initially treated with placebo, when crossed over to topical minoxidil, showed a significant increase in the number of terminal hairs. No subject had a net hair loss in the target area during the study. These results indicate that topical minoxidil can increase terminal hair growth in early male pattern baldness.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Second malignancies in cutaneous T cell lymphoma.

Among sixty-three cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) patients seen over a 15-year period at the Duke University Medical Center (DUMC), 15.9% had a second malignancy. This is a higher frequency of second malignancies than has been documented previously in any series of CTCL patients. We evaluated the incidence of subsequent primary malignancies in these CTCL patients by comparing our series of patients to a general population. The overall cancer incidence rate in the CTCL patients was 2.4 times, and in white male patients 3.3 times, greater than expected. We also compared various characteristics of CTCL patients with and without a second malignancy to evaluate potential predisposing factors. A history of prior chemotherapy and a family history of malignancy among first order relatives were more common among CTCL patients who developed a second malignancy.

Adult↗