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Biomedical subjects

E A Rainin

Publications and source records attributed to E A Rainin.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Extraocular muscle regeneration in primates. Local anesthetic-induced lesions.

Retrobulbar administration of several local anesthetics (0.75% bupivacaine, 2.0% mepivacaine or 2.0% lidocaine plus 1:100,000 epinephrine) in monkeys resulted in a low incidence of muscle fiber lesions in the extraocular muscles closest to the site of injection. Most lesions resulted in the degeneration and regeneration of muscle fibers on the surface of the muscles, but occasionally a massive internal lesion was seen. In contrast, large lesions were common in rectus muscles that received direct injections of local anesthetics in both monkeys and humans. The morphology and temporal sequence of muscle fiber degeneration and regeneration was similar to that seen in primate thumb muscles injured by anesthetic agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Postoperative diplopia and ptosis. A clinical hypothesis based on the myotoxicity of local anesthetics.

Postoperative diplopia and ptosis can be temporary or permanent complications in patients who have undergone ophthalmic surgery while under local anesthesia. We encountered six patients with such complications and hypothesize that some cases of postoperative diplopia and ptosis could be attributed to myotoxic effects of local anesthetics. These effects may cause the degeneration and subsequent regeneration of muscle fibers of the levator or extraocular muscles and result in temporary or permanent muscle weakness.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Rat extraocular muscle regeneration. Repair of local anesthetic-induced damage.

Local anesthetics that are commonly used in ophthalmic surgery (0.75% bupivacaine hydrochloride, 2.0% mepivacaine hydrochloride, and 2.0% lidocaine hydrochloride plus 1:100,000 epinephrine) were injected into the retrobulbar area of rat eyes. Controls were injected with physiological saline. All three anesthetics produced massive degeneration of the extraocular muscles. Muscle degeneration is followed by regeneration of the damaged muscle fibers. In addition to muscle damage, severe damage was also seen in harderian glands, especially after exposure to mepivacaine and lidocaine plus epinephrine. With these findings in rats, it is hypothesized that the temporary diplopia sometimes seen in patients after ophthalmic surgery might be due to anesthetic-induced damage to the extraocular muscles.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1979

Senile entropion.

A new surgical procedure has been developed for the correction of senile entropion of the lower lid. The procedure consists of horizontal shortening of the lower lid by a pentagonal wedge resection combined with an infratarsal eyelid suture technique. Twenty eyelids of 13 patients with entropion have been operated on over the last 4 1/2 years with use of various modificatons of this procedure. The average follow-up period is two years three months, with the longest being 4 1/2 years and the shortest being three months. There has only been one temporary recurrence and no overcorrections. The technique is simple and effective when applied to chronic senile entropion unassociated with severe enophthalmos or any cicatricial component.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Corneal retraction and intraocular lens implantation.

A corneal retractor has been developed which when used after intraocular lens insertion insures against endothelial intraocular lens touch during the maneuvers of clipping or suturing various intraocular lenses to or through the superior iris.

Cornea↗
PubMed1978

New flat air injection cannula.

I developed a 6-mm long, flattened, 30-gauge air cannula with a polished tip for instillation and extraction of air and fluids from the anterior chamber during intraocular surgery. The polished flattened tip prevents Descemet's membrane detachments and the extra length allows easy instillation of air over an intraocular lens.

Air↗
PubMed1975

Limbal-based conjunctival flap retractor.

A very simple tool has been devised from a standard Weck-Cel surgical spear which greatly facilitates the dissection of the limbal-based conjunctival flap in cataract and glaucoma surgery.

Cataract Extraction↗