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Biomedical subjects

E Adám

Publications and source records attributed to E Adám.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Human herpesvirus 8 in classic Kaposi sarcoma.

Recent studies suggest the role of a new human herpesvirus (HHV8) in the pathogenesis of different forms of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). In the present work we investigated the presence of HHV8 sequences in KS tumour tissues from patient with classic KS. Since clear evidences point to the role of immune suppression in the development of AIDS-associated KS or patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, immunological investigations were also performed. We could show a highly consequent association of HHV8 sequences with classic KS in the large series of patients supporting our previous findings that this virus might be in some way involved in the pathogenesis of this tumour. In addition immunological examination of the patients revealed a mild decrease in the CD4 positive cell number, a significantly reduced CD4/CD8 ratio, a diminished PHA reactivity and leukocyte migration factor production of lymphocytes. The changes observed in the present study are similar, but much less pronounced than those may be observed in HIV infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Significance of recombinant adenoviruses in experimental gene therapy].

In the past few years recombinant adenoviruses have emerged as promising technology in the gene therapy. They have been used for genetic modification of a variety of somatic cells in vitro and in vivo. They offer several advantages over other vectors. Replication defective vectors can be produced in very high titers (10(11) pfu/ml) thus allowing a substantially greater efficiency of direct gene transfer, they have the capacity to infect both replicating and nonreplicating cells, and the DNA functions in an extrachromosomal fashion, which eliminates the risk of insertional mutagenesis. Several important limitations of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer are also known, such as the relatively short term expression of foreign genes, the dose-related direct toxic effect, and that the host immune response to the viral proteins may substantially inhibit the effect of repeated infection with recombinant adenoviruses. Recombinant adenoviruses of types 2 and 5 are used most frequently as vectors for direct gene transfer. The author's experiments with monoclonal antibodies raised against the adenovirus hexon proteins revealed the existence of a remarkable homogeneity in the antigenic structure among the hexon types of subgenus C (types 1, 2, 5 and 6). Besides the genus and type specific epitopes the presence of at least 15 identical intertype specific epitopes were demonstrated on the surface of the hexons. The data suggest that recombinant adenoviruses constructed from the types of subgenus C cannot be replaced by each other to avoid the host immune response in repeated infections in gene therapy because of their close antigens relationships.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1995

Expression of tobacco genes for light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding proteins of photosystem II is controlled by two circadian oscillators in a developmentally regulated fashion.

Light-induced expression of genes encoding the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding proteins of photosystem II (Cab) was shown to be controlled by a circadian oscillator coupled to the red-light-absorbing plant photoreceptor phytochrome. Here we show that a red-light-insensitive oscillator is also involved in regulating the expression of the Cab genes. We provide evidence that germination leads, in a light-independent manner, to the setting and/or synchronization of endogenous oscillators and that it induces the expression of Cab genes in a circadian fashion. This circadian oscillator is not coupled to phytochrome, as it cannot be reset by red light for at least 44 h after sowing. Short red light pulses given between 12 and 44 h after sowing, however, induce new rhythms without perturbing the already free-running red-light-independent circadian oscillation. At this stage of development, the phytochrome-coupled and uncoupled circadian rhythms coexist. Both circadian rhythms are expressed and exhibit period lengths close to 24 h but are phased differently. At later stages of development (60 h or later after sowing), red light treatments synchronized these free-running rhythms and led to the appearance of a single new circadian oscillation. These data indicate that during early development the expression of single tobacco Cab genes, particularly expression of the Cab21 and Cab40 genes, is controlled in a developmentally dependent manner by two circadian oscillators.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Successful simultaneous transplantation of kidney and fetal pancreatic islet masses.

This paper reports our experience with the successful simultaneous transplantation of kidney and fetal pancreatic islets in 46-year-old diabetic man. No detectable C-peptide level was noted and the end-stage nephropathy required hemodialysis. The cadaver kidney and two masses of 8-week-cultured fetal islets were grafted simultaneously. After revascularization of the kidney, the islet masses were placed under the kidney capsule. Following transplantation, islet function was demonstrated by a higher C-peptide level, which subsequently persisted. Twenty-four months after grafting, islet function was provoked by glucagon and glucose, which led to elevations in the C-peptide and insulin levels. The insulin requirement fell from 58 to 24 U/day during the post-transplant period of 24 months. The mean value of HbA1C (5.6% +/- 0.3%) indicated a constantly normal carbohydrate metabolism. Improvements in retinopathy were also noted. Three periods of kidney rejection were diagnosed, but these proved reversible with high-dose steroid treatment. The serum and urine beta-2-microglobulin levels correlated well with rejection and recovery. More than 2 years after grafting, kidney functions is in the normal range. On sonography, the transplanted islet masses were repeatedly clearly visible, and 24 months following transplantation the volume was twice the original one. The results indicate that simultaneous kidney and fetal pancreatic islet grafting is advantageous in end-stage nephropathy secondary to type I diabetes mellitus.

C-Peptide↗
PubMed1995

Antigenic homogeneity among the adenovirus hexon types of subgenus C.

Antigenic relationships of hexons of human adenovirus (Ad h) types 1, 2, 5 and 6 of subgenus C were studied with 61 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against human Ad h1, Ad h35 and bovine adenovirus 2. The reactivity pattern (RP) and the titers of the MAbs were determined in indirect ELISA. In previous experiments with hexons of different subgenera 49 MAbs displayed numerous different intertype specificities besides genus specific and type specific ones. With the four hexon types of subgenus C all MAbs gave identical RPs except the type specific ones. Data reveal the existence of a remarkable homogeneity in the antigenic structure among the hexon types of subgenus C defined by the presence of identical or closely related intertype specific epitopes on the surface of the hexons. The possible significance of the results in the experimental gene therapy is discussed.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1995

Diversity in the antigenic structure of different hexon types among the members of adenovirus subgenus D.

Antigenic relationships of human adenovirus (Ad h) hexon types: 8, 9, 10, 13, 19, 26, 27 and intermediate type 9/13 (I13), belonging to subgenus D were studied with 61 hybridoma ascitic fluids containing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). The MAbs were produced in three different panels directed against Ad h1, Ad h35, and bovine Ad type 2. The reactivity pattern (RP) and the degree of cross-reactivity (CR) of the MAbs were determined in indirect ELISA. By the 61 MAbs 8 different RPs could be distinguished. The distinct RPs of hexon types of 8, 9, 10, I13 and 19 were identical or nearly identical and the occurrence of the different eight RPs were based mainly on the combinations of positive or negative reactions of different MAbs with the hexon prototypes 13, 26 and 27. According to the different RPs and to the number of reacting and non-reacting MAbs with the different hexon types as well as on the base of the degree of CR three groups of hexon types with diverse antigenic structure could be distinguished. These data revealed the existence of remarkable diversity in the antigenic structure between type 27 and types 8, 9, 10, I13 and 19, as well as an intermediate position of prototypes 13 and 26.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1994

[Experience with the molecular genetical detection of the chimera gene of the Philadelphia chromosome].

Molecular genetical techniques could be developed for detection of the chimera gene of Philadelphia chromosome or that of its gene product, due to the relatively conserved structure of the chimera gene. The authors successfully analysed 123 blood/bone marrow samples from 106 patients using these molecular techniques adapted from the literature. Patients were classified by the first diagnosis, 65 CML, 7 AML, 13 ALL patients were studied. 12 patients had the diagnosis of myeloproliferative syndrome, and 9 patients were after bone marrow transplantation. 57% of the total, and by diagnosis, 74% of CML, 28% of AML, 54% of ALL, and 33% of post-transplant samples have shown the chimera gene structure characteristic for Philadelphia chromosome. All patients of myeloproliferative syndrome were negative. In some cases the authors had the opportunity to study simultaneously the peripheral blood and the bone marrow sample of the same patient and of the same date. The ratio of the positivity of the two samples varied from one to infinite. The authors could follow the effect of interferon in one case, the change of clonality of the leukemic cell line in an other case. They had the opportunity to detect two different abnormal gene structures in the sample of an AML patient.

Chimera↗
PubMed1994

Production of antibodies against adenovirus hexons in Escherichia coli by recombinant phages (a note).

For the study of complex antigen structures, such as the adenovirus hexon capsomer, monoclonal antibodies proved to be very useful tools. Production and stabilization of monoclonal antibodies in a larger amount is complicated and requires special infrastructural background, if we apply the convential hybridoma techniques. Recombinant DNA and gene amplification technology, however, has made it possible to clone antibody genes in bacteria, and to produce antibodies in bacterial cultures.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1993

[Acute venous liver circulatory disorder caused by blunt abdominal trauma: is it a compartment syndrome?].

Authors describe the case of a 37-year-old female patient who had been operated on for a subcapsular haematoma of the liver that had developed following a blunt abdominal trauma. This manifested as a Budd-Chiari syndrome-like phenomenon that was not recognized until an exploratory operation was performed, when we found that the liver was hard and dark purple in colour and there was considerable ascites in the abdominal cavity. After aspiration of the haematoma, which contained about 1 l of a mixture of fluid and clotted blood, the circulation of the liver rapidly improved. On the basis of the findings, a posttraumatic Budd-Chiari syndrome seems unlikely, since the symptoms caused by the rise in intracapsular pressure are similar to those of a compartment syndrome. No literature data can be found to define such a posttraumatic failure of the liver circulation. Subcapsular and intrahepatic haematomata can be successfully monitored by ultrasonography and managed conservatively if they are asymptomatic. Operation is restricted to lesions with worsening symptoms or increasing danger of haemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Latex agglutination and adenoviruses. II. Detection of antigens.

Latex particles were coated with different monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reacting with different epitopes of the hexons of adenovirus (AV) type h1 and h35. The coated particles were tested with the purified hexon of 22 different mammalian AV types and were agglutinated by the respective hexon antigen(s) with high specificity. The sensitivity of the reaction was influenced by the amount of MAb adsorbed to latex particles. The latex, coated with a MAb of genus specific reactivity can be a valuable tool in the rapid immunodiagnosis of adenovirus infections.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1992

Antigenic relationships among the members of adenovirus subgenera determined by monoclonal antibodies.

Epitope composition of human adenovirus (AV) serotype 13 (subgenus A), 19, 26 and 27 (subgenus D), as well as 41 (subgenus F) was studied with 23 selected monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against different hexon types. With the help of three panels of MAbs great differences were shown in the epitope structure of subgenus D hexons. Comparing two AV13 strain hexons (a prototype strain and an intermediate strain), it was shown that the epitopes recognized by the MAbs were present in different combinations even on strains of the same serotype. Therefore the epitope composition of the subgenus D hexons seems to be heterogeneous.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1992

Latex agglutination and adenoviruses. I. Detection of polyclonal antibodies by latex agglutination test.

A latex agglutination (LA) test was developed for the detection and measurement of polyclonal anti-adenovirus antibodies. Latex particles, coated with purified hexon, penton or fibre antigens displayed specific agglutination with 21 rabbit immune sera directed against the different antigens and the complete virus of 10 human and 2 animal adenovirus types. The sensitivity of LA was compared to that of passive haemagglutination, complement fixation (CF) and immunodiffusion reactions. In experiments with immune sera as well as with human serum samples the sensitivity of LA test proved to be in the same range as that of CF test. Because of its easy and rapid performance (slide agglutination within 4 min) LA method may substitute for CF reaction in serological adenovirus diagnosis.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1991

[Importance of the detection of minimal residual disease in the management of acute leukemia].

Between 1984-1988, 57 adult acute leukemic patients were treated with intensive combined chemotherapy in the National Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion. For the evaluation of response to therapy, 4 investigations were performed in parallel: bone marrow aspirate, bone marrow biopsy, cytogenetic analysis and bone marrow culture. Nonparametric test for samples taken for the evaluation of remission status showed that bone marrow biopsy was significantly the most sensitive method for the detection of residual disease. The bone marrow culture was also on the borderline of significance, but the low CFU-GM level did not always correlate with the further clinical course. Occasionally, karyotypic abnormality was the only sign of the residual disease. It would be of great importance to quantitate the minimal residual disease in order to evaluate and compare the various intensive postinduction therapeutic strategies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Cricopharyngeal achalasia caused by isolated muscular dystrophy].

The authors--in connection with two surgically successful treated cases--discuss the diagnosis and the surgical treatment of the cricopharyngeal achalasia. By means of histological methods it was verified that in the background of this disease stads an isolated muscle dystrophy localized to the upper esophageal sphincter.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Pheochromocytoma in Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis].

The authors describe the case of a 38-year-old hypertensive woman who suffered from neurofibromatosis, pheochromocytoma, scoliosis and diabetes mellitus. Because of the residual pheochromocytoma surgical intervention was repeated. According to the available literature this is the first case in Hungary where pheochromocytoma was associated with neurofibromatosis.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Accurate detection of hemangioma of the liver by SPECT].

The hemangioma cavernosum is a frequent, benign tumor of the liver. Generally the hemangioma becomes suspected during the US examination as a secondary result. From the point of view of the differential diagnostics the three-phase blood-pool scintigraphy, a new very sensitive isotope diagnostic method, has a great importance in these cases. The images taken at the beginning, the early and the late-phase show the kind of alteration unambiguously. Since the conventional planar scintigraphy is not always able to detect the small (1-2 cm in diameter) lesions and the lesions surrounded by intact parenchyma, the SPECT has big advantage increasing the resolution of images and introducing the three-dimensional imaging. The authors illustrate the possibility of specific detection of liver hemangioma in a case by SPECT.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The role of bone scintigraphy and its value in the staging and follow up of prostatic carcinoma].

The role and value of bone scintigraphy in the staging and follow-up of prostatic cancer. Bone scintigraphy was performed in 100 patients with prostatic cancer at the time of histological diagnosis, and during 6 years follow-up in predefinied manner. The sensitivity of the method was enhanced by the results in the case of early M0-1 staging (the rate of the skeletal metastasis was 41% at the first seen). During the follow-up only 8 further cases of skeletal metastasis was observed. In most of the cases the skeletal metastasis was already disseminated at the first seen, the hot spots were located mainly at the pelvis and spine. In six cases "super bone scan" was observed. The conventional hormone therapy resulted in regression in 7 of the patients with skeletal metastasis. According to the authors' experiences the bone scintigraphy is indispensable at the diagnosis in the correct staging, and useful in the patient's follow-up.

Bone and Bones↗