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Biomedical subjects

E Altenähr

Publications and source records attributed to E Altenähr.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Morphology of the urinary bladder following long-term experimental irritation of the urothelium.

10 female beagle whelps received an artificial urinary calculus (1.5 ml of a rapidly polymerizing methyl-methacrylate) by means of a transurethral procedure. The X-ray, cytological, endoscopic and bioptic findings were followed in a long-term experiment. After a period of 61 months, precancerous urothelial changes (n = 1) and invasive urothelial microcarcinomas were found (n = 2). Typical changes from earlier controls were pseudopapillary follicular cystites. Chronic irritation of the urothelium is shown to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinoma. Decisive is the length of the period of irritation rather than the actual material used in making the pellet.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Curative radiotherapy in stage C prostatic carcinoma. Experiences with radiotherapy-endocrine treatment].

In a prospective study 209 patients with prostatic cancer stage C who were seen between 1968-1974 received endocrine treatment and radiotherapy (6000 r) of the prostate without inclusion of regional lymph nodes. The patients were seen every 6 months up to 8 years. 247 transrectal biopsies and 7 transurethral resections of the prostate were performed. The analysis of the biopsies revealed that the combined endocrine and radiotherapy is followed by tumor neutralisation of about 70% in highly differentiated prostatic cancers and less effective in lower differentiated tumors. 80% of biopsies from tumors responding to therapy still show tumor cells. The 5-year-survival corresponded with tumor regression and tumor size. However a prognosis on the basis of these findings is not possible for the individual case.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Dacarbazine in malignant melanoma. Rare, severe side-effect: Budd-Chiari-syndrome (author's transl)].

Dacarbazine (DTIC) alone or in combination with other cytostatic drugs may lead to severe liver disease with acute thrombosis of intrahepatic veins and parenchymal cell necrosis. 6 such cases were described in the literature, an additional case is described here, all with fatal outcome. 6 of these 7 patients had malignant melanoma. The disease has been partly designed as Budd-Chiari-Syndrome (BCS), partly as veno-occlusive disease (VOD).-The pathoanatomical findings and the appearance of the clinical symptoms exclusively during the 2nd injections series suggest a Budd-Chiari-Syndrome, in terms of an allergic-hyperergic reaction of the liver as target organ. For future administration of Dacarbazine in malignant melanoma (a) patients with pre-existent liver disease should be excluded from DTIC-treatment, (b) the prodromi and cardinal symptoms should be carefully registered and (c) high dosage corticosteroid therapy with fibrinolytic measures should be immediately administered.

Budd-Chiari Syndrome↗
PubMed1982

[Morphological findings in the distal end of the oesophagus after sclerosis of bleeding varices (author's transl)].

The morphological changes in the distal oesophagus occurring after tube treatment, sclerosis and/or shunt operation for acutely bleeding oesophageal varices were investigated in 29 post mortems between March 1979 and April 1980. In addition three oesophagi were investigated after sclerosis several months previously. As was to be expected the oesophagi showed no specific changes after recent porto-caval shunts. In contrast there were definite histological differences after tube treatment as opposed to sclerosis. After compression tubes the oesophagi showed focal pressure necroses and ulcers. In the sclerosed oesophagi there frequent widespread, partially transmural, necroses, suppurative inflammation of the oesophageal wall and mediastinitis. Serious complications occurring after sclerosis were perforation with mediastinal abscess, pleuritis and severe paraoesophageal haemorrhage. In the prevention of complications after sclerosis both the injection technique and the choice of sclerosing agent are important.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Results of local transurethral high frequency hyperthermia in bladder carcinoma (author's transl)].

On the basis of controversial results from clinical use of hyperthermal irrigation of the bladder lumen published by various authors a procedure was developed for transurethral local high frequency hyperthermia using phantom experiments and experimental bladder tumors. Encouraging results from experiments on animals led to clinical use of this technique with pretreated recurring bladder tumors (n = 64) at various stages. Poorly differentiated tumors at higher stages responded especially well. Typical pathohistological findings induced by hyperthermia were in these cases extensive tumor-necroses, and as late finding stromahyalinoses. Permanent changes of tumorfree urothelium have not been observed. During the observation period up to the present (maximum 48 month) the 3-year-survival rate has been 92.5% (T1G2-3), 59.4% (T2G3) and 22.0% (T3G3).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

XY (h-y+) gonadal dysgenesis. Morphological examination of 4 cases by light and electron microscopy.

The gonads of 4 phenotypically female individuals with XY chromosomal constitution and signs of virilisation were examined by light microscopy. Electron microscopic examination was also performed in two cases. Serological analysis of H-Y antigen titer yielded positive results. The matrix of the gonads is shown to be ovarian stroma, in which tubular and follicular structures are embedded. The epithelia of the follicles resemble granulosa cells of the ovary, the tubular epithelia are resemble Sertoli cells. Tubules and follicles both show extensive regressive changes. A varying number of Leyding cells/stroma lutein cells were found in each gonad. The different degree of development of testicular and ovarian structures in the dysgenetic gonads might be explained by a defect of the gonadal specific receptor for the H-Y antigen, this defect varying in time of occurrence, duration and severity.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Chemically induced transplantable carcinomas of the urinary bladder in dogs (author's transl)].

It takes 24 months to induce preinvasive carcinomas in the urinary bladder of dogs as reported in the literature. The transplantation of chemically induced carcinomas has never been successful. Therefore, it was looked for methods which enable a shortening of the latency period and to transplant such tumors. 12 of 22 female beagle whelps were injected transurethrally with fast polymerizing plastics and then they have been treated subcutaneously with ortho-aminodiphenyl, formylaminonitrofurylthiazole or with the two carcinogens together. The dogs have been controlled by endoscopy, cytology and histology every 4 weeks. The first invasive urothelial carcinomas were observed 13 months after starting the treatment. Totally 7 carcinomas of the bladder and 3 in the pelvis of the kidney were found. It was possible to cultivate tumor material in tissue culture, gained by biopsy transurethrally. The transplantation of tissue culture material into nude mice was successful in 19 of 23 animals. In 2 of 10 beagles tumors started to grow transiently after transplantation of tissue culture cells. In the bacterial mutagenicity test (Ames) and in animals ortho-aminodiphenyl was neither mutagenic nor carcinogenic. However, it was cocarcinogenic if used together with formylaminonitrofurylthiazole.

Aminobiphenyl Compounds↗
PubMed1980

Induction of a transplantable urinary bladder carcinoma in dogs.

We attempted to reduce the carcinoma induction latency period and to produce a transplantable urinary bladder cancer in dogs. After transurethral pellet application, 12 of 22 female beagles were given subcutaneous injections of orthoaminodiphenyl, FANFT, or both. Monthly cytologic and histologic checks yielded the earliest evidence yet obtained for invasive urothelial urinary bladder carcinoma (15 months); seven urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder and three of the renal pelvis were established. Tissue cultures of the urothelial carcinomas in vitro were successful. Transplantation of tumor cells to 23 nude mice resulted in tumor growth in 19. Transplantation to 10 beagles yielded 2 tumors very quickly, but the tumors were rejected within 4 weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Pituitary adenoma, primary parathyroid hyperplasia and papillary (non-medullary) thyroid carcinoma. A case of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN).

An acidophilic pituitary adenoma associated with primary nodular parathyroid hyperplasia and a small papillary thyroid carcinoma was discovered at the autopsy of a 44 year old female acromegalic. The thyroid carcinoma showed evidence of lymphatic spread. Several etiopathogenetic mechanisms for the non-medullary thyroid carcinomata associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) have been postulated, since the follicular epithelium of the thyroid does not belong to the neural ectoderm derivates unlike the C-cells of the thyroid, the adenohypophysis and probably the parathyroid glands. Apart from genetic influence, or coincidence, one has to rule out carcinogenic exposure or hormonal influence. Clinically speaking, one should always consider whether malignant thyroid disease coexists with hyperplastic or neoplastic parathyroid tissue.

Adenoma, Acidophil↗
PubMed1979

A transplantable tumor of the urinary bladder in rabbits.

The latency period for induction of urinary bladder carcinoma is at least 2 years in animals that can be followed endoscopically. We studied the possibility of producing a model of malignant urniary bladder tumor in rabbits in less time by transplanting tumor cells. Each of 80 male mixed bred rabbits received 1 ml of tumor cell suspension of Brown-Pearce carcinoma. Transplantation was done subcutaneously, intratesticularly, transurethrally, or aftet cystotomy via injection into the bladder submucosa. Within 2 to 3 weeks malignant tumor growth in the bladder could be shown. Superficial scarification of the mucosa, performed at the same time as transplantation, led to exulceration of the tumor into the bladder lumen. Tumor incidence reached a 80 to 95 per cent level. Metastases in these animals were analogous to human urothelial bladder carcinoma. This malignant tumor model seems especially suitable to study new methods of transurethral therapy for cancer of the urinary bladder.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Correlation of electron microscopic and secretory response of human parathyroid adenomas with different calcium concentrations in organ culture.

Twelve parathyroid chief cell adenomas from patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were incubated in a tissue culture system in the presence of different calcium concentrations and for various time periods. The endocrine response of the tissue was examined electron microscopically and radioimmunologically. After incubation in a medium of low calcium concentration the parathyroid adenomas showed ultrastructural signs of stimulation with proliferation of the hormone-synthesizing organelles. The development of the ultrastructural response could first be observed after four hours and increased up to several days. Radioimmunologically, an increase of the hormone secretion could be demonstrated. Converse results were obtained after incubation of the tumor tissue under suppressive culture conditions. To check for de-novo synthesis of the hormone released the tissue was incubated in a 75Se-methionine-containing medium. This resulted in radioactivity of the secreted parathyroid hormone, indicating de novo synthesis in our culture system. The biological potency of the released hormone was demonstrated by comparison of the PTH out of the medium with the international human MRC standard using two different radioassays.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

[A new substance for the therapeutic embolisation of renal tumours (author's transl)].

We report on a radio opaque substance for the embolization of kidney tumours which consists of amino acids mixed up with a contrast medium. It is relatively easy to be injected and can be well directed because of its radio-opacity. Past and recent histological examinations of embolized pig kidneys show that this material provides a durable closure of the vessels and that there is no essential tendency of intravasal dissolution. It is therefore also suitable for palliative embolizations. The first results in clinical trial have proved to be encouraging.

Amino Acids↗