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Biomedical subjects

E Ancona

Publications and source records attributed to E Ancona.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Manometric characteristics of the distal oesophageal sphincter and patterns of gastro-oesophageal reflux in healthy volunteers and patients.

Three manometric characteristics of the distal oesophageal sphincter (DOS; pressure, length below the respiratory inversion point, i.e., abdominal length, and overall length) were investigated in 10 healthy volunteers and in 66 patients with typical symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) disease. The aim of the work was to correlate the DOS deficiency with symptoms, endoscopic oesophagitis and with specific patterns of GOR as determined by means of 24-hour oesophageal pH monitoring. The results showed that patients with and without GOR disease cannot be separated solely on the basis of the standard manometric test, even adopting more parameters besides the traditional DOS pressure measurement. A functional defect of the DOS may be hypothesized for those patients with an apparently normal DOS on standard oesophageal manometry.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Is there a biochemical basis for lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) resting pressure?

Myosin plays a fundamental role in the contraction of muscle cells. Some structural differences of this protein are related to the different physical properties of muscle--that is, speed of shortening. The typical myosin protein has a molecular weight of 460 000 daltons and is made up of six subunits: two heavy chains (200 000 daltons each) and two pairs of light chains (LC) weighting 15 000-25 000 daltons each (LC1 and LC2). Myosin was extracted from six specimens of human oesophagus in order to find out whether any biochemical differences exist between the oesophageal body and the lower oesophageal sphincter, to account for their different properties. Myosin was examined by two dimensional gel electrophoresis. Peptide mapping of myosin heavy chains was obtained by carrying out enzymatic digestion during the electrophoretic run. A quantitative difference between LC1 of the oesophageal body and the lower oesophageal sphincter was found in the circular fibres, thereby suggesting that two populations of muscle fibres exist in the inner coat of the oesophagus. The presence of more than one type of myosin strongly implies functional differentiation of the two specialised zones.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1985

Are urinary enzymes useful markers of kidney damage in obstructive jaundice? An experimental study on Sprague-Dawley rats.

To evaluate the reliability of urinary enzymes as markers of renal tubular damage in obstructive jaundice, research was carried out on 26 Sprague-Dawley rats submitted to bile duct ligation and on 16 sham-operated rats. The fractional clearances of lysozyme (CfrLYS) and of malto-dehydrogenase (CfrMDH)-indices of tubular function-and the fractional excretions of gamma-glutamyltransferase (UfrGGT) and of alpha-glucosidase (UfrAGL)-indices of tubular anatomic damage - were measured 5, 10, 20 and 30 days after operation. Creatinine clearance, urinary sodium excretion, urinary potassium excretion, proteinuria, plasma bilirubin and bile acids were also measured. Kidneys were taken for histology. All rats submitted to common bile duct ligation had high levels of bilirubin and bile acids; proximal tubules were damaged and the extent of the lesions increased with time. However, creatinine clearance, urinary sodium excretion, proteinuria, CfrMDH and UfrAGL gave no indication of renal lesions, whereas CfrLYS and UfrGGT were significantly higher 20 and 30 days after bile duct ligation, respectively. These findings show that CfrLYS and UfrGGT could be useful tests for renal tubular lesions in jaundice.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Presentation of a new instrument for the prolonged monitoring (24 hrs.) of endoesophageal pH, based on microprocessor technologies].

Prolonged monitoring of oesophageal pH is the most sensitive test for GOR. An ideal instrument for this test should be simple, reliable and inexpensive. It should enable the patient to live a normal life, even at home, allows rapid analysis of the data, and monitors other parameters at the same time (intragastric pH). An instrument with these features has been devised at Padua University Surgical Clinic. It uses NSC 800 microprocessor technology and has a 32 K C-MOS memory. The examination can be programmed (patient code, date, start and end times, sampling duration and time). Postural changes are automatically recorded. Subjective symptoms are signalled by the patient through an alphanumeric keyboard. ROM software at the end of the test is employed for automatic processing according to Johnson and De Meester's parameters. Proxima is also made for a serial output to a larger-capacity computer and an analogue output compatible with a Beckman paper printer.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1984

[Radiological examination of esophagoplasty interventions for esophageal cancer].

The experience in the radiological study on the esophagoplasty for esophageal cancer is reported. In the various types of surgical operations: gastroplasty: 284 cases, colonplasty: 28 cases, jejunoplasty: 10 cases, substitution of the cervical esophagus: 74 cases, the radiological contribution is analysed both in the early anastomosis check: after 7 days the intrathoracic and after 10 days the cervical ones, and in the distance check. For this last aspect, particularly the functional pattern, it is also suggested the use of paraphysiologic meals.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Functional evaluation of distal esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter after esophagogastric devascularization, esophageal transection and antireflux procedure for bleeding esophageal varices.

Distal esophageal function and LES competence were evaluated in 21 patients by means of esophageal manometry and standard pHmetry after Sujura mod. operation for bleeding esophageal varices. This operation involves complete devascularization of 10-12 cm. of distal esophagus, disruption of anatomic anti-reflux mechanism, excision of nearly one cm. of muscular tissue at lower esophageal sphincter level. Intraoperative manometry was performed in 8 patients and demonstrated a significant shortening of high pressure zone, while lower esophageal sphincter pressure did not show significant variations. Postoperatively gastroesophageal reflux at pHmetry was not observed (five patients had pathological reflux preoperatively). No significant variations of resting lower esophageal sphincter pressure and no peristaltic alterations were observed. In conclusion despite the marked anatomic alterations related to this procedure, sphincter dynamics and distal esophageal function remain nearly normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Immunostimulation with levamisol in inoperable cancer of the esophagus].

In the light of previous personal research indicative of immunodepression in patients with cancer of the oesophagus, the effect of aspecific immunostimulation with Levamisol was assessed on 70 patients with inoperable forms. All patients were treated by positioning of a Celestin endoesophageal prosthesis for the palliation of dysphagia, and submitted to a randomised protocol involving aspecific immunostimulation with 150 mg Levamisol per os twice a week on nonconsecutive days for an indefinite period. The mean survival of the treated group was not significantly better than that of the controls, nor was any real advantage detected on dividing the series in terms of age, tumour histology and degree of differentiation, extension, or the clinical stage.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1982

[Epidemiologic findings in esophageal cancer in the Veneto region].

The results of an epidemiological study using the case-control method on 150 oesophageal cancer cases, observed at the IIIrd Surgical Department in Padua and on 150 controls are presented. The results show that alcohol an maize flour (corn meal) are two aetiopathogenetic factors of verified statistical significance in oesophageal carcinoma in the Veneto population. This confirms other studies among populations with a high risk of oesophageal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Primitive gastric lymphoma: considerations in 3 cases (author's transl)].

The authors describe three cases of primitive lymphoma localized in the stomach. All three were diagnosed with precision only after surgery and histological examination of removed tissues: two were histiocytic malignant lymphomas and one was a malignant lymphoma with poorly differentiated lymphocytic elements. From the ensuing discussion of the diagnosis and prognosis of this malignancy it emerges that the long-term results are better than those pertaining to gastric adenocarcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Nonaggressive correction of esophageal fistula with endoprosthesis (author's transl)].

The authors describe their experience in 14 patients with esophageal fistula (11 neoplastic and 3 nonneoplastic) treated by endoscopic application of an esophageal prosthesis. They discuss the method and give an analysis of their results. In their summation, they advocate the use of this remedy, as opposed to surgical closure and other aggressive procedures, particularly in cases of neoplastic origin involving patients in general conditions too poor to afford major surgery.

Esophageal Fistula↗