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Biomedical subjects

E B Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to E B Pedersen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Increased urinary aquaporin-2 excretion in response to furosemide in patients with chronic heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have decreased ability to excrete water and increased urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 (U-AQP2). The natriuretic and diuretic effects of furosemide are antagonized by an increased reabsorption of sodium and water in the collecting ducts. It is unknown whether aquaporin-2 (AQP2) renal water channels are involved in this compensatory reabsorption. We tested the hypothesis that U-AQP2 increases after a single intravenous dose of furosemide in CHF patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, we measured the effect of furosemide (80 mg) on U-AQP2, urine volume, free water clearance (C(H2O)) and fractional excretion of sodium (FE(Na)) in 12 CHF patients. Plasma concentrations of vasopressin (AVP), renin (PRC), angiotensin II (Ang II), aldosterone (Aldo), atrial (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptides (BNP) were measured during the study. U-AQP2 and hormones were determined by radioimmunoassays. RESULTS: Furosemide increased U-AQP2 (140 %), urine volume (280 %), C(H2O) (95 %) and FE(Na) by a factor of 15 (p<0.008 for all), and also AVP (51 %), PRC, Ang II (86 %) and Aldo (59 %) (p<0.021 for all). ANP and BNP did not change. CONCLUSIONS: In CHF, furosemide increased the vasopressin level, which stimulated water reabsorption via the APQ2 water channels. This is most likely a compensatory phenomenon in addition to the increase in the renin-angiotensin system to prevent excess loss of sodium and water. However, both these effects were overridden by the effect of furosemide, as shown by increased free water clearance and sodium excretion.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Urinary excretion of alpha-GST and albumin in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with methotrexate or other DMARDs alone or in combination with NSAIDs.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of methotrexate (MTX) and other disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) alone or in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the urinary excretion of alpha-glutathione S-transferase (alpha-GST) and albumin in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHODS: Nineteen RA patients starting treatment with MTX were followed for 1 year with measurements of urinary alpha-GST, urinary albumin, and urinary and plasma creatinine at the start of treatment, and after 16, 28, and 52 weeks. A larger group of RA patients (n = 72) undergoing long-term treatment with different DMARDs was compared with 79 healthy controls regarding urinary alpha-GST and albumin. alpha-GST was quantified by an enzyme immunoassay. Urine albumin was measured turbidimetrically. RESULTS: The urine-alpha-GST/urine-creatinine ratio and the urine-albumin/urine-creatinine ratio did not change during 52 weeks of treatment with MTX. The long-term DMARD-treated RA patients and the healthy controls were comparable with regard to the urine-alpha-GST/urine-creatinine ratio and the urine-albumin/urine-creatinine ratio. All patients had preserved renal function as assessed by plasma creatinine, and none had proteinuria using urine dipstick methods. CONCLUSION: DMARD-treated RA patients with normal serum creatinine had no detectable renal injuries assessed by the urinary excretions of alpha-GST and albumin.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Vitamin D insufficiency in Greenlanders on a westernized fare: ethnic differences in calcitropic hormones between Greenlanders and Danes.

We studied the influence of age, gender, latitude, season, diet and ethnicity on plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25 OHD, PTH, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D-binding protein, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin levels in 46 Greenlanders living in Nuuk (64 degrees N) on a traditional fare (group A), 45 Greenlanders living in Nuuk on a westernized fare (group B), 54 Greenlanders (group C), and 43 Danes (Group D) living in Denmark (55 degrees N) on a westernized fare. Blood specimens were drawn both summer and winter. Vitamin D insufficiency (plasma 25 OHD <40 nmol/l) was common in all four study groups during summer (23-74%) and winter (42-81%). Compared to groups A and D, vitamin D insufficiency was significantly more frequent in groups B and C. In all groups, summer levels of 25 OHD were above winter levels. Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant effect of ethnicity. Compared to Danes, Greenlanders had higher 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels, but lower 25 OHD and PTH levels despite relatively low plasma calcium concentrations. In addition to ethnicity, 25(OH)D levels were influenced by age, season (summer > winter), and diet (a traditional Inuit diet>westernized diet). Ethnic differences exist between Greenlanders and Danes. Our results suggest that Greenlanders may have an inherent lower "set-point" for calcium-regulated PTH release or an enhanced renal 1,25(OH)(2)D production. In addition to ethnicity, age, season, and diet were important determinants of vitamin D status. Changes from a traditional to a westernized fare are associated with a reduced vitamin D status in Greenlanders. Vitamin D supplementation should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Accuracy of telemedical home blood pressure measurement in the diagnosis of hypertension.

This study was conducted to compare the accuracy of clinic blood pressure (CBP) and telemedical home blood pressure (HBP) measurement in the diagnosis of hypertension in primary care. The study subjects were 411 patients with average CBP > or =140 mmHg systolic or > or =90 mmHg diastolic, who performed telemedical HBP measurement (5 days, four times daily) and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring in random order. Main outcome measure was the agreement of CBP and HBP with daytime ABP. CBP was much higher than daytime ABP and average HBP (P<0.001) with no difference between the latter two. The correlation between CBP and ABP was weak (systolic: r=0.499, diastolic: r=0.543), whereas strong correlations existed between HBP and ABP (systolic: r=0.847, diastolic: r=0.812). A progressive improvement in the strength of the linear regression between average HBP of single days and ABP was obtained from day 1 to day 4, with no further benefit obtained on the fifth day. The HBP readings taken at noon and in the afternoon showed significantly stronger correlations with ABP than the blood pressures measured in the morning and in the evening. In conclusion, the accuracy of telemedical HBP measurement was substantially better than that of CBP in the diagnosis of hypertension in primary care. HBP most accurately reflected ABP on the fourth day of monitoring, and the readings at noon and in the afternoon seemed to be most accurate.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Urinary aquaporin-2 in healthy humans and patients with liver cirrhosis and chronic heart failure during baseline conditions and after acute water load.

BACKGROUND: Patients with liver cirrhosis and chronic heart failure (CHF) have a reduced capacity to excrete water. Studies in healthy humans have shown that an acute water load reduces the excretion of aquaporin-2 in urine (u-AQP-2). We wanted to test the hypothesis that an acute water load reduces u-AQP-2 less in patients with liver cirrhosis or CHF than in healthy humans. METHODS: Fourteen healthy subjects, 14 patients with liver cirrhosis, and 14 patients with CHF were given an oral water load of 20 mL/kg. Urine was collected every 30 minutes for 4 hours for analysis of u-AQP-2. Blood samples were drawn at the beginning and at the end of the study for analysis of arginine vasopressin (AVP). u-AQP-2 was determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: During the study period, urinary output was 22.8% higher than water intake in the healthy controls and increased 14-fold from baseline, but in patients with liver cirrhosis and CHF urinary output was 14% and 24% less than the intake, while urinary output increased 7- and 19-fold from baseline, respectively. u-AQP2 decreased significantly more in patients with CHF (39%) than in healthy controls (17%) but it was unchanged in those with liver cirrhosis. AVP decreased 46% in patients with CHF, but was unchanged in healthy controls and those with liver cirrhosis. A 24-hour urinary excretion of AQP-2 was significantly elevated in patients with CHF (median, 25.7 nmol/mol creatinine) compared to healthy controls (15.7 nmol/mol creatinine) and those with liver cirrhosis (17 nmol/mol creatinine). CONCLUSION: The excretion of AQP-2 in urine is abnormal both in liver cirrhosis in which we find less suppression of u-AQP2 by an acute water load and in CHF in which we find a high baseline level and an exaggerated suppression of u-AQP2 by an acute water load.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Effect of an acute oral lithium intake on urinary Aquaporin-2 in healthy humans with and without simultaneous stimulation with hypertonic saline infusion.

OBJECTIVE: Animal experiments have shown that lithium interferes with the formation of Aquaporin-2 in the distal renal tubuli. The effect of lithium on formation of renal water channels has not been studied in healthy humans. The aim of this study was to test the hypotheses that a single oral dose of lithium will reduce the formation of water channels both with and without stimulation with hypertonic saline infusion, and that this effect can be detected by measurement of urinary excretion of Aquaporin-2 (u-AQP2). METHODS: In healthy subjects, Study 1 (n = 11) and Study 2 (n = 12), urine was collected in 6 and 7 periods between 08.00 and 14.00, respectively, and blood samples were drawn at 30- to 60-min intervals. The study medication was given at 09.00; u-AQP2 was determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: In Study 1 neither u-AQP2 nor urinary output were significantly changed by lithium. In Study 2, u-AQP2 was increased by hypertonic saline infusion in parallel with an increase in arginine vasopressin. At the end of the study, u-AQP2 was increased by 30% with placebo but only by 13% with the 600 mg lithium dose, and urinary output was significantly higher after 600 mg lithium than after placebo and 300 mg lithium. CONCLUSIONS: U-AQP2 was not significantly changed after a single oral dose of lithium. The antidiuretic response to hypertonic saline infusion was reduced when lithium was given. It is suggested that lithium increases urinary output by inhibiting trafficking of renal water channels in healthy humans.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in dialysis patients, renal transplant recipients and healthy controls.

It has been suggested that infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae plays a role in the development and maintenance of atherosclerosis based on differences in the prevalence of antibodies against Chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with and without atherosclerotic lesions and on the presence of bacteria in atherosclerotic lesions. It is well known that patients undergoing chronic dialysis treatment and renal transplant recipients have a considerably increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study it is hypothesized that patients with these conditions have a higher prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in the white cells of the peripheral blood. Blood samples from 196 dialysis patients, 114 renal transplant recipients and 342 healthy controls were analysed with an in-house nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) and tested for the presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA. The prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA was significantly higher in dialysis patients (16.3%) than in healthy controls (8.5%, p < 0.01), whereas no significant difference was found between the prevalence in renal transplant recipients (9.6%) and healthy controls. The prevalence was not related to gender or age in either group, and it was the same in diabetics and non-diabetics. Dialysis patients have a higher prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA than healthy controls. The lower prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in renal transplant recipients than in dialysis patients may be due to selection of dialysis patients with few or no cardiovascular complications for renal transplantation. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that Chlamydia pneumoniae is associated with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Influence of training habits on exercise-induced changes in plasma atrial and brain natriuretic peptide and urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 in healthy man.

The purpose of this study was to quantify the influence of training habits on the changes in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and urine aquaporin-2 (u-AQP2) during exercise by studying trained and untrained healthy subjects. Eleven trained subjects (7 males, 4 females) and 10 untrained subjects (8 males, 2 females) performed a maximal aerobic exercise test. ANP and BNP were determined every 3 min and at maximum exercise by radioimmunoassay (RIA), and u-AQP2 was determined before and after the exercise test by RIA. The absolute increase in ANP during exercise was higher in the trained subjects (trained subjects: 5.6 pmol/L; untrained subjects: 2.4 pmol/L, p < 0.05) and was positively correlated to ANP at rest (p < 0.03). The maximum absolute increase in BNP during exercise was the same in the two groups (trained subjects: 0.5 pmol/L; untrained subjects: 0.6 pmol/L, NS) and tended to correlate positively with resting BNP in the trained subjects (p = 0.07). Exercise did not change u-AQP2 excretion in either trained subjects (rest: 372 ng/mmol creatinine; exercise: 314 ng/mmol creatinine, NS) or untrained subjects (rest: 263 ng/mmol creatinine; exercise: 338 ng/mmol creatinine, NS). The absolute increase in ANP during exercise was higher in trained subjects than in untrained subjects and was positively correlated to ANP at rest. This might reflect the normal cardiovascular adaptation to exercise. The increase in BNP during exercise was unrelated to training habits. Training habits did not affect the u-AQP2 excretion during exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Twenty-four-hour blood pressure among Greenlanders and Danes: relationship to diet and lifestyle.

BACKGROUND: Greenlanders have a lower rate of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity than Danes, possibly due to lower blood pressure. However, 24-h blood pressure has never been measured in Greenlanders. The aim of this study was to compare the 24-h blood pressure of Greenlanders and Danes, and to analyse the influence of Arctic food and lifestyle on blood pressure. METHODS: Four groups of healthy subjects were recruited for the study. Group I: Danes in Denmark consuming European food; group II: Greenlanders in Denmark consuming European food; group III: Greenlanders in Greenland consuming mainly European food; and group IV: Greenlanders in Greenland consuming mainly traditional Greenlandic food. All subjects underwent a physical examination, laboratory screening of blood and urine samples, and completed a questionnaire on diet, physical activity, smoking status, intake of alcohol, liquorices, vitamins and minerals. Twenty-four-hour blood pressure was measured. RESULTS: It was found that 24-h diastolic blood pressure was lower in Greenlanders than in Danes for the whole 24-h period and during both day and night-time, whereas systolic blood pressure was the same (mean 24-h blood pressure with 95% CI: Danes 123/75 mmHg (120/73-127/77), Greenlanders 122/ 69 (119/68-124/70)). Among Greenlanders, blood pressure increased with age and male gender, and systolic blood pressure increased with body mass index (BMI). No association with diet was found. The difference between the two populations persisted after controlling for age, gender, BMI, outdoor temperature, and lifestyle factors. CONCLUSION: Greenlanders have a lower 24-h diastolic blood pressure than Danes, and it is suggested that genetic factors are mainly responsible for the lower blood pressure level among Greenlanders.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Synthesis of an aza analogue of 2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose and its homologues.

Azasugars were obtained in one-pot reactions by catalytic reduction reactions of amino group precursors in aldosugars followed by intramolecular reductive amino alkylation reactions. (3R,4S)-4-[(1S)-1,2-Dihydroxyethyl]pyrrolidin-3-ol was obtained from D-xylose by two different strategies through 3-C-cyano-3-deoxy-D-ribo-pentofuranose or 3-C-azidomethyl-3-deoxy-D-ribo-pentofuranose in 6 and 16% overall yields, respectively. The oxidative cleavage of the diol group in the corresponding Fmoc-azasugar followed by deprotection afforded (3R,4R)-4-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol. (3R,4S)-4-[(1S,2R)-1,2,3-Trihydroxypropyl]pyrrolidin-3-ol was synthesized from diacetone-D-glucose through 3-deoxy-3-C-nitromethyl-D-allose and the overall yield was 7%.

Alkylation↗
PubMed2001

Effects of a long-acting formulation of octreotide on renal function and renal sodium handling in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

Octreotide seems to have a beneficial effect on variceal bleeding, and long-term administration for the prevention of rebleeding is currently being evaluated. Experimental studies have suggested a beneficial effect of chronic octreotide treatment on renal function, while clinical studies have shown variable effects. Twenty-five cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension were randomized in a double-blind design to placebo or a single subcutaneous dose of a long-acting formulation of octreotide (octreotide-LAR) (20 mg). Renal function tests were performed before dosing and repeated after 30 days. The patients were in sodium steady state at the time of study. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were measured by a constant infusion clearance technique. Renal sodium handling was determined by lithium and sodium clearance measurements. Therapeutic serum levels of octreotide along with a reduction of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) (P <.01) and an increase of IGF binding protein 1 (P <.05) were demonstrated. No effect of octreotide was observed on GFR, ERPF, or filtration fraction (GFR/ERPF). Changes in clearance and extraction fraction of sodium and lithium during octreotide treatment were not significantly different from those of placebo. In addition, no changes in free water clearance, urinary flow rate, or 24-hour Na excretion were demonstrated. A significant increase of mean arterial pressure (+5 mm Hg; P <.01) was observed after treatment with octreotide-LAR. It is concluded that in spite of increased arterial pressure, octreotide-LAR has no significant effect on renal hemodynamics and tubular function in clinically stable cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed2001

Effect of an acute oral ibuprofen intake on urinary aquaporin-2 excretion in healthy humans.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit the enzyme cyclooxygenase and thereby block the prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in the kidneys. In animals, PG interferes with the formation of aquaporin 2 in the distal renal tubules. The purpose was to measure the effect of ibuprofen on urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 (u-AQP2), urinary output, urinary osmolality (u-osm) and plasma concentration of vasopressin (AVP) in a dose-response study using placebo and ibuprofen 600mg and 1200mg. In 12 healthy subjects, urine was collected in 6 periods between 07.00 h and 13.00 h, and blood samples were drawn at 60-min intervals. The study medication was given 10 h and 1 h before the study. U-AQP2 and AVP were determined by radioimmunoassays. U-AQP2 decreased 33% in the placebo group and increased 47% in the ibuprofen groups. There was a highly significant difference between the placebo group, on the one hand, and the ibuprofen groups, on the other. There was a small but significant increase in AVP in the placebo group and the 600 mg ibuprofen group, but not in the 1200 mg ibuprofen group. Urinary output was at maximum after 2 h, with a 394%, 1020% and 714% increase for placebo, 600 mg ibuprofen and 1200 mg ibuprofen, respectively. U-osm decreased during the experiment in all three groups. Inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis by ibuprofen affects the distal part of the nephron by increasing u-AQP2. This increase was not related to changes in AVP, urinary output or urinary osmolality. We suggest that the increased excretion of AQP2 can be explained by an increase in the ratio of AQP2 that is shed into the urine because the endocytic retrieval of AQP2 from the apical membrane is impaired. This could not be revealed by changes in the osmoregulatory system by the low doses of ibuprofen used in the present study.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

Smokeless nicotinergic stimulation of vasopressin secretion in patients with persisting nocturnal enuresis and controls.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nicotine stimulation on pituitary release of plasma arginine vasopressin (P(AVP)) in patients with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) and healthy control subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Postpubertal teenagers and adult enuretics as well as control subjects were enrolled into the study and admitted to hospital for measurements of P(AVP) in relation to intake of orally administered nicotine. Sixteen patients with PMNE (9 females, 7 males; aged 15-51 years, mean 23.5) and nine normal subjects (4 females, 5 males; aged 24-31 years, mean 27.3) were studied. The enuretics were characterized prior to investigation as either 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) responders (n = 8; 16-51 years, mean 28.9) or DDAVP non-responders (n = 8; 15-24 years, mean 18.1) based on the reduction in the number of wet nights. P(AVP), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured 0, 5, 10, 15 and 30 min, and plasma osmolality (P(osm)) 0 and 30 min after receiving 4 mg nicotine (Nicorette, Pharmacia & Upjohn) chewing gum. RESULTS: In the compiled material a slight but statistically significant increase was observed in P(AVP) at 30 min compared with baseline levels, concurrent with significant rises in MAP and HR above baseline levels at 15 and 30 min. No difference was seen in P(osm) before and after nicotine administration. No other significant variation over time, assessed by an ANOVA, was detected. No difference was encountered in any measured parameter between controls and enuretics or between DDAVP responders and non-responders. CONCLUSION: Smokeless nicotine chewing gum induces non-osmotic vasopressin release in humans. The secretory AVP capacity to this stimulation is normal in PMNE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Effect of water deprivation and hypertonic saline infusion on urinary AQP2 excretion in healthy humans.

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) mediates water transport in the renal collecting ducts by forming water channels of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in the apical plasma membrane. AQP2 is excreted in human urine. We wanted to test the hypothesis that urinary excretion of AQP2 (u-AQP2) reflects the effect of AVP on the renal collecting ducts during water deprivation and hypertonic saline infusion in healthy subjects. Fifteen healthy subjects underwent a 24-h period of fluid restriction. Urine and blood samples were collected at timed intervals. Fifteen healthy subjects were given 7 ml/kg 3% hypertonic saline infusion for 30 min. Urine and blood samples were collected at timed intervals. During fluid restriction, the u-AQP2 rate increased from 3.9 (25th percentile: 3.1; 75th percentile: 5.2) to 7.6 (5.9-9.1; P < 0.001) ng/min, and the plasma AVP (p-AVP) level increased from 0.5 (0.4-0.6) to 3 (1.7-3.3) pmol/l. There was a positive correlation between the maximum change in u-AQP2 rate and the maximum change in p-AVP (r = 0.57, P < 0.03). During the infusion study, u-AQP2 rate was at maximum 90 min after the infusion [baseline: 4.5 ng/min (3.5-4.8); 90 min: 5 ng/min (4.5-6.0) P < 0.02]. p-AVP increased from 1.0 (0.9-1.1) to 1.5 (1.2-1.8; P < 0.002) pmol/l. There was a positive correlation between the maximum change in u-AQP2 rate and the maximum change in p-AVP (r = 0.83; P < 0.0001). It can be concluded that p-AVP and u-AQP2 are increased during thirst and hypertonic saline infusion and that u-AQP2 reflects the action of AVP on the collecting ducts.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Nutritional status and amino acids in granulocytes and plasma in patients with chronic renal disease and varying residual renal function.

BACKGROUND: Protein metabolism changes with loss of renal function resulting in deterioration of nutritional status. Whether changes in macroscopic (anthropometry and subjective global nutritional assessment (SGNA)) and cellular (plasma and granulocyte free amino acid concentration) nutritional status with loss of residual renal function are related is not known. METHODS: Anthropometric variables, SGNA, and blood samples were measured after a night's fast in 43 patients (age 57 years, median (range 27-77), 32 males and 11 females) with chronic renal disease. A 24-hour urine sample was collected the day before the study for calculation of creatinine clearance and protein nitrogen appearance rate. The patients were stratified according to creatinine clearance (group I: >35 ml/min/1.73 m(2), group II 35-15 ml/min/1.73 m(2), group III <15 ml/min/1.73 m(2)). RESULTS: In males a significant lower body weight (p < 0.05) and upper mid-arm muscle area (p < 0.05) was found in group III compared to group I. SGNA indicated suboptimal nutritional status in 12 patients. In group I all had normal SGNA while in group II and group III, 26 and 57% respectively were malnourished. SGNA was significantly and negatively correlated to upper mid-arm muscle area (rho = -0.37, p < 0.05) and percent body fat mass (rho = -0.46, p < 0.01) and positively correlated to percent ideal body weight (rho = 0.48, p < 0.01). Nine patients with malnutrition (M) were compared with 9 well-nourished (N) patients. They were comparable with respect to creatinine clearance (M: 13 +/- 5 ml/min/1.73 m(2); N: 16 +/- 7 ml/min/1.73 m(2)), age and sex. In malnourished patients plasma concentration of nonessential amino acids was higher (23%, p < 0.05). The intracellular concentration was generally not affected except for sulfur amino acid methionine which was increased by a factor of 2.5 (p < 0.05) and taurine decreased by a factor of 1.6 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Loss of renal residual function worsened both macroscopic and cellular nutritional status. SGNA correlated to objective measures of nutritional status and is clinically usable. In malnourished chronic renal patients, increased plasma concentration of nonessential amino acids was found which might indicate increased protein degradation.

Adult↗