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Biomedical subjects

E Bal

Publications and source records attributed to E Bal.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Ganglion cysts of the proximal tibiofibular joint review of literature with three case reports.

Proximal tibiofibular ganglion is a rare disorder. It may settle down in the subcutaneous tissue or may develop along the peroneal muscles and nerve. Common clinical findings are various sizes of mass, pain and hypoesthesis due to compression neuropathy. We report three cases of proximal tibiofibular ganglion and review the literature about the diagnostic tools, recurrence rates and treatment modalities.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Effect of coumarins started before coronary angioplasty on acute complications and long-term follow-up: a randomized trial.

BACKGROUND: Coronary angioplasty frequently creates a thrombogenic surface, with subsequent mural thrombosis that may lead to acute complications and possibly stimulates the development of restenosis. Whether coumarins can prevent these complications is unclear. The objective of this open, randomized trial was to assess the clinical effect of coumarins started before coronary angioplasty and continued for 6 months. METHODS AND RESULTS: Before coronary angioplasty, 530 patients were randomly assigned to aspirin plus coumarins and 528 patients to aspirin alone. At the start of the angioplasty, the mean international normalized ratio was 2.7+/-1.1; during follow-up, it was 3.0+/-1.1. At 30 days, the composite end point of death, myocardial infarction, target-lesion revascularization, and stroke was observed in 18 patients (3.4%) treated with aspirin plus coumarin compared with 34 patients (6.4%) treated with aspirin alone (relative risk, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.92). At 1 year, these figures were 14.3% and 20.3%, respectively (relative risk, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.93). The incidence of major bleeding and false aneurysm during hospitalization was 3.2% and 1.0%, respectively (relative risk, 3.39; 95% CI, 1.26 to 9.11). The benefit of coumarins was observed in both stented and nonstented patients. CONCLUSIONS: Coumarins in addition to aspirin started before PTCA and continued for 6 months was more effective than aspirin alone in the prevention of acute and late complications after coronary angioplasty. This benefit was accompanied by a small but significant increase in bleeding complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Long-term results after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients over 75 years of age.

A prospective study comparing the long-term results of balloon angioplasty in patients over 75 years of age with those in a younger patient group is not available. A total of 192 consecutive patients aged > or = 75 years (group I) who underwent a balloon angioplasty were matched with 192 control patients aged 40 to 65 years (group II). The groups were matched for gender, angina pectoris class, left ventricular function, 1-, 2-, and 3-vessel coronary artery disease, and previous myocardial infarction. The mean follow-up was 40.4 months (range 0 to 110). Actuarial analysis (freedom from events) after 5 years yielded the following results for group I versus group II: free from death remained 77.1% versus 97.9% (p = 0.0001), from cardiac death 92.4% versus 97.9% (p = 0.049), and from angina pectoris 54.6% versus 75.1% (p = 0.03). The differences were not significant for those remaining free from myocardial infarction, repeat balloon angioplasty, or coronary artery bypass grafting. When elderly patients with complete revascularization (n = 127) were compared with a matched control group of 127 patients aged 40 to 65 years who underwent complete revascularization, there was only a significant difference in noncardiac death rates. We conclude that patients > 75 years of age have a significant higher cardiac and noncardiac death rate and a higher incidence of angina pectoris after successful balloon angioplasty. However, the incidence of reintervention and myocardial infarction is lower in the elderly. If complete revascularization is achieved in the elderly, then freedom from cardiac death and recurrence of angina pectoris would be comparable to that in younger patients.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1996

Ten-year follow-up of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for proximal left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis in 351 patients.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate the short- and long-term results of balloon angioplasty for stenoses in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery. BACKGROUND: Both the supposedly high rate of acute complications and relatively poor long-term results of balloon angioplasty for stenoses in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery have led to a search for alternative interventional techniques. METHODS: We analyzed the success rates and long-term follow-up results in 351 consecutive patients who underwent balloon angioplasty for stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery proximal to its first side branch. The power of the study was >80% in detecting a difference of 9% in the proportion of patients who survived at 10 years, assuming an 80% survival rate in the control group. RESULTS: There were 60 ostial and 291 nonostial stenoses. Follow-up lasted a median of 85 months (range 0 to 137) and was 100% complete. The angiographic success rate was 90.9%. The clinical success rate was 86.3%. Nine patients (2.6%) died, 17 (4.8%) needed emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and 10 (2.8%) developed a myocardial infarction. Several patients had subsequent complications. The success and complication rates were not significantly different for patients with ostial and nonostial stenoses. Ten years after balloon angioplasty, freedom from mortality was 80%, freedom from cardiac death was 87%, freedom from myocardial infarction was 84%, freedom from vessel-related reinterventions was 66%, and freedom from angina pectoris was 33%. There were more reinterventions for ostial stenoses, with a 1-year relative risk of ostial versus nonostial stenoses for related reinterventions of 1.7 (95% confidence interval 1 to 2.8, p = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS: More than 10 years ago, balloon angioplasty for stenoses in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery, either ostial or nonostial, had a high success rate. Although the long-term results are satisfactory, ostial stenoses are associated with a higher early clinical restenosis rate requiring more reinterventions.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1994

A comparative histological study of non-porous and micro-porous (algae-derived) hydroxylapatite ceramics.

Two different types of hydroxylapatite ceramics were examined histologically to assess their effects on the healing of standardized bone defects drilled in the mandibular bone of beagles. After 40 days both materials were totally enclosed by newly-formed bone, but only the defects filled with micro-porous hydroxylapatite were found to show bone incorporation which is a good indicator of implant stability. These results suggest that the physio-chemical similarities between the micro-porous hydroxylapatite and native bone may promote effective bone incorporation which can increase the stability of implants.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A possible factor in genetic instability of cancer cells: stress-induced secreted proteins lead to decrease in replication fidelity.

Ultraviolet irradiation triggers a response in mammalian cells known as the UV response. Part of the UV response forms the enhanced synthesis of various extracellular proteins able to transmit the response to non-irradiated cells. Because several cancer-prone syndromes with enhanced genetic instability also have an enhanced synthesis of the same set of proteins without prior stimulation it is possible that induction of these stress responsive proteins may be involved in the process of carcinogenesis and genetic instability. To test this hypothesis mouse T lymphoma cells, GRSL13, were treated with the conditioned medium of UV-induced cells under various experimental conditions. Overall the mutation rate is enhanced 1.8-fold (P < 0.01). However, the degree of enhancement is strongly influenced by culture conditions. UV-induced factors only lead to an enhanced mutation rate when cells, both for the production and response to those factors, originate from a similar cell density. In addition, it was found that fresh medium interferes with this response. To eliminate the hindrance of these factors on the effect of the conditioned medium on the mutation rate, serum-starved cells at high density were treated with serum-free medium derived from high-density UV-irradiated cultures. Using these conditions a 2.8-fold (P < 0.002) enhancement of the mutation rate was found. Fluctuation analysis indicated that the enhancement is 10-fold during the first five generations after treatment. UV-induced factors have also been found to induce cell growth, and the degree of induction was linearly correlated with the enhancement in mutation rate. These experiments are in agreement with the hypothesis that induction of stress responses leads to genetic instability.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Too early for cardiac transplantation--the right decision?

In 109 out of 479 patients who were referred for cardiac transplantation it was considered to be too early to put them on the waiting list for a donor heart. The clinical course of these 109 patients was analysed in order to verify whether this decision had been right. The mean age of the patients was 43 years, half of them suffered from ischaemic heart disease. The systolic left ventricular function of the patients was severely depressed (mean left ventricular ejection fraction 21%) and the left ventricular cavity was markedly dilated (mean echocardiographic end diastolic dimension 73 mm). Functional capacity, measured by bicycle ergometry, was low: mean maximal workload 62% of the expected load for gender, height and age. The median follow-up duration was 31 months. The survival rate of the patients was better than that of 175 patients who were accepted for transplantation after referral, 92%, 87%, 81%, 71% and 73%, 73%, 71%, 68% after 1, 2, 3 and 4 years respectively. Re-assessment was necessary in 29% of the patients within 1 year and in 52% within 3 years. Twenty patients died: 12 patients died before re-assessment had been initiated (eight sudden deaths), six patients because of progressive heart failure before heart transplantation could be performed and two patients died after heart transplantation. Left ventricular ejection fraction, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and transpulmonary gradient were not reliable predictors of the course of the patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Influence of human leukocyte interferon on IgG on the replication of herpes simplex virus in nervous tissue in vitro.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replicated productively in rabbit and guinea pig ganglia and nerve organ cultures when inoculated in high titres. Treatment with IgG 20 hr before and 48 hr after infection produced a delay of 4 to 7 days in the recovery of HSV-1 by the method of co-cultivation. The same result was obtained when IgG was combined with human leukocyte interferon. There was no difference in the period up to HSV recovery between the groups treated with interferon alone and the HSV control. Morphological evidence by light and electron microscopy of viral productive infection was obtained in all the cell types of nervous tissues infected in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Interferon in the replication of herpes simplex virus in normal and pathological nerve cells.

Previous results obtained in experimental and clinical trials have demonstrated that topical combined thrapy with human interferon (HI) and human colostral secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) is effective against herpetic corneal infection. This therapy prevented encephalitis in rabbits but could not completely prevent recurrences either in rabbits or in patients. A number of in vitro studies were designed to elucidate the role of these factors in herpes simplex virus replication in the nervous system, with the following results: (1) HSV latency in trigeminal ganglia (TG) explanted from rabbits with experimental herpetic keratitis, topically treated with HI or HI/S-IgA: HSV was recovered in 30% TG after 15-19 days co-cultivation on RK-13 cells. (2) HSV replication in nervous ganglia and nerve of newborn rabbits in organ culture; influence of HI or HI plus IgG: a restrictive HSV productive infection was demonstrated in this system, although yields were always higher in nerve cultures. We were unable to demonstrate a direct effect of HI on HSV-1 replication. When explants were treated with HI and IgG before and after infection for 48 hours a delay in the expression of HSV-1 was detected by co-cultivation. (3) Replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in a C1300 murine neuroblastoma clone (NB41A3): both HSV types replicated with titres of 10(3.4) for HSV-1 AND 10(4.8) for HSV-2 at 48 hours p.i.; CPE was more marked for HSV-2 at 24 hours. HSV-specific antigens were demonstrated by the immunoperoxidase technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Combined therapy of human interferon (HI) and secretory immunoglobulin (S-IgA) in the treatment of human herpetic keratitis.

The topical action of a combined therapy of human interferon (3000 U/ml) and secretory immunoglobulin IgA (1,5 mg/ml) was studied in 56 patients with herpetic keratitis. The pain and photophobia disappeared within 48 h after the beginning of treatment and a marked reduction of the corneal lesion during the first week of treatment was observed in all the patients. The therapy was effective, with complete healing of the lesion in 94.8% of cases; 72.2% of them healed in less than 15 days. The highest frequency of healing was between 5 and 10 days, and the rest up to 30 days. Humoral, immunological and delayed hypersensitivity studies were carried out in 36 patients.

Adolescent↗