Platelet-activating factor mediates an autocrine proliferative loop in the endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line HEC-1A.
We investigated the synthesis and biological effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the human endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A. We found that HEC-1A cells actively synthesize and release PAF, as demonstrated by both [3H]acetate incorporation into PAF and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry studies. HEC-1A cells not only synthesize but also respond to PAF. Indeed, in fura-2-loaded cells, PAF stimulates [Ca2+]i increase with a median effective concentration of 5.6 nM. Furthermore, PAF induces a time-dependent expression increase of the nuclear protooncogene c-fos with a median effective concentration of 130 nM and stimulates DNA synthesis (median effective concentration, 700 nM). All of these effects are inhibited by the PAF receptor antagonist L659,989. Radioligand binding studies indicated the presence of two populations of PAF receptors with affinity constants in the nanomolar and micromolar range. Since the PAF antagonist per se inhibits DNA synthesis and cell proliferation, we suggest that PAF supports an autocrine growth circuit in HEC-1A cells. On the contrary, in the uterine leiomyosarcoma cell line SK-UT-1, which does not express specific binding sites for PAF, neither this phospholipid nor its receptor antagonist affect DNA synthesis. Our results provide evidence for the existence of an autocrine proliferative loop involving PAF in the endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A.