Biomedical subjects

E Bimstein

Publications and source records attributed to E Bimstein.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Oral findings and periodontal status in children, adolescents and young adults suffering from renal failure.

AIM: Describe the oral condition of chronic renal failure and healthy subjects, and the relationship between oral variables, chronic renal failure (CRF) conditions, and their treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four renal failure groups: chronic renal disease (n=22); undergoing dialysis (n=22); after dialysis and transplant (n=21); and after transplant (n=32), and a healthy control (n=38) were examined. Caries, enamel hypoplasia, pulp obliteration, plaque index, gingival bleeding, recession, overgrowth and index, probing depths, attachment loss, renal treatments and their relations with the oral variables were analysed. RESULTS: The renal failure groups had higher gingival index (GI) and bleeding, probing depths, attachment loss, hypoplasia and obliteration and less caries, than the control. Plaque was higher in the dialysis and pre-dialysis (PD) groups. Overgrowth was evident after transplant. The PD group showed lower GI than other renal groups. Dialysis duration and end-stage renal failure significantly correlated with gingivitis, probing depth, attachment loss and enamel hypoplasia. Immuran correlated positively with probing depth, gingival recession and attachment loss. Normiten and Nifedipine had positive correlations with gingival overgrowth. CONCLUSIONS: CRF patients are characterized by pulp obliteration, gingival and periodontal diseases. Duration of end stage renal failure and type of systemic treatment have a significant influence on the oral condition.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Oral diagnosis of Behcet disease in an eleven-year old girl and the non-surgical treatment of her gingival overgrowth caused by Cyclosporine.

A case of an eleven-year old girl with Behcet disease is presented. Non-surgical treatment of gingival overgrowth caused by the use of Cyclosporine was successfully treated. This case emphasizes the need for cooperation between the medical and dental professionals and the responsibility of dental professionals to lead the diagnosis of systemic diseases like Behcet.

Behcet Syndrome↗

PubMed2000

Cholinsalicylate gel induced oral lesion: report of case.

Salicylic acid and its derivatives are extensively used medications for the treatment of systemic and local diseases. However, injudicious use of aspirin as well as other derivatives of salicylic acid, may cause systemic and oral complications such as mucosal burns and oral ulcers. In children, topical administration of these drugs, even in small dosages, may cause adverse reactions. This report shows a case of an 8 year old boy with G6PD deficiency, who had a mucosal burn caused by application of a cholinsalicylate paste. Three days later, the child developed oral ulcers, malaise and fever. The present case is characteristic of the enigmatic nature of the etiology and diagnosis of oral lesions, and the possible connection between cholinsalicylate systemic absorption and hemolytic anemia is discussed.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗

PubMed1998

Root surface characteristics of primary teeth from children with prepubertal periodontitis.

This study describes the histologic characteristics of root surfaces of primary teeth from children with prepubertal periodontitis (PP). Fifteen primary teeth from 4 children with PP, and 2 control primary teeth from 2 healthy children were examined. Light microscopy revealed normal root surfaces in the control teeth. In contrast, the PP specimens revealed bacteria inside dentin tubules or covering cementum, a cuticle, or resorbed dentin; normal, wider than normal, or hypoplastic cementum; resorption lacunae with various depths; aplastic root resorption; alternate resorption and repair; and active repair. No cementoclasts were found in the resorption lacunae. Scanning electron microscopy revealed intrabony and suprabony root areas, and a "plaque free zone" (PFZ). Colonies of filaments were evident at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). The suprabony root surfaces had resorption lacunae, isolated short rods, calculus, colonies of filaments, or colonies composed by an heterogeneous bacterial population. The coronal boundary of the PFZ was the border of a sheet-like structure, which included isolated rods or filaments. At the PFZ, isolated filaments and rods, and a fibril matrix were evident. The apical boundary of the PFZ consisted of bundles of soft tissue remnants or the insertion of the periodontal fibers. The intrabony surfaces were mostly covered by soft tissue, which included isolated filaments and short rods. Resorption lacunae with or without soft tissue were also evident in this area. Crystals of calcium oxalate dihydrate and erythrocytes in distinct forms were found at various root areas. The present findings are different from those previously reported for hypophosphatasia specimens.

Aggressive Periodontitis↗

PubMed1998

Prevalence of marginal alveolar bone loss in children.

Previous studies have indicated that the prevalence of marginal alveolar bone loss (MABL) in several populations, but not yet in the Mexican children. Therefore, the present study examined the prevalence of MABL in a group of Mexican children. The characteristics of the proximal surfaces and the status of the adjacent alveolar bone, were recorded at 1307 sites from 209 diagnostic bite-wing radiographs, from 115 children. MABL was found in the radiographs of 7.8% of the children or 1.5% of the sites. The present prevalence finding is relatively low when compared to previous studies on children attending dental clinics. MABL was found already in 4-year-old children, confirming previous studies, which indicate the possibility of early onset of periodontitis in children.

Age Distribution↗

PubMed1997

Cleidocranial dysplasia: Part 2--Treatment protocol for the orthodontic and surgical modality.

The principles on which the present approach to the treatment of cleidocranial dysplasia are based were stated in part 1 of this article. Comparison was made with two other methods and the advantages of the present method were described in terms of (a) how this method is adapted to the clinical features of the condition, (b) when surgical intervention is appropriate, (c) how the dynamic appliance system may be adapted to the changing environment as more teeth erupt, and (d) the importance of rapidly bringing about the eruption of the anterior teeth. The practical aspects of the treatment are now described step-by-step with illustrations taken from the treatment of several different patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Possible autosomal-dominant inheritance of prepubertal periodontitis in an extended kindred.

This study presents the clinical findings and the distribution of prepubertal periodontitis in an extended family with high prevalence of this entity. The expression of surface markers and adhesion molecules on peripheral lymphocytes were also studied. Approximately 50% of the children in this family suffered from prepubertal periodontitis. All the affected children were otherwise healthy. 2 identical twins were similarly, but not identically, affected. Detailed laboratory tests and analysis of lymphocyte surface marker expression, including CD18, were all within the normal levels. Both localized and generalized forms of prepubertal periodontitis were found. The high prevalence of prepubertal periodontitis in the 2 branches of this family, and the fact that identical twins were similarly affected, suggest a strong genetic predisposition for prepubertal periodontitis. The family pedigree is consistent with an autosomal-dominant mode of transmission. The coexistence of localized and generalized forms of the disease in sibs suggests the same genetic etiology for both entities with variability in disease expression. This variability in disease expression is further supported by the fact that 2 identical twins were not identically affected.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Changes in the gingival structure of maxillary permanent teeth related to the orthodontic correction of simple anterior crossbite.

The aim of this study was to describe changes in the gingival structure of maxillary permanent teeth related to correction of anterior crossbites. Twenty-eight children with one tooth in crossbite were included in the study. An oral hygiene program, was established. The tooth in crossbite (X tooth) and its contralateral (C tooth) were examined before the beginning of treatment, immediately after, 3 and 6 months after crossbite correction. The plaque index (PII) of the X tooth decreased from the first to the last examination. The PII of the C tooth increased during treatment and decreased after it. The gingival index (GI) and probing depth (PD) of both teeth increased during treatment and decreased after it. The width of the keratinized gingiva (KG) of both teeth decreased from the first to the last examination. The width of the attached gingiva (AG) of the X tooth decreased from the first to the last examination, and of the C tooth between the first and second examination. Analyses of variance of the values of the four examinations were significant in the X tooth for GI, PD, KG, and AG, and in the C tooth for GI and AG. The differences between the C and X teeth in the four examinations were significant in PD, KG, and AG. The current study indicates that orthodontic labial displacement of maxillary tooth related to the correction of simple anterior crossbite, under an oral hygiene program, is innocuous to the periodontium.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Periodontal status in childhood and early adolescence: three-year follow up.

The 4-year study examined the interrelationship between dental plaque, gingival inflammation and gingival sulcus depth in a 78 children (41 boys, 37 girls, aged 1 to 12 years at initial examination) living in a rural community in Israel. Plaque index (PlI) remained essentially the same throughout the study period for both primary and permanent dentition, while gingival index (GI) and sulcus depth increased (p<0.001 for sulcus depth). Sulcus depth was significantly greater in the older children at each yearly examination (p<0.001). A strong correlation existed between age and sulcus depth at each yearly examination (r=0.644, p<0.001). Comparison of PlI and GI with "delta sulcus" failed to show statistical significance between these parameters. The findings strengthen the hypothesis that the increase in sulcus depth in children and young adolescents is associated primarily with age and to a much lesser degree with inflammatory response.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Alveolar bone loss and restorative dentistry in the primary molars.

This study examined the relationship between the status of the interproximal alveolar bone and the nature of the adjacent proximal surfaces in the primary molar area. In bite wing radiographs of 354 children, aged 6 to 9 years, 5091 sites were examined; 72.7% of the sites were adjacent to intact proximal surfaces, 14.2% to untreated proximal carious surfaces, and 13.0% to restored proximal surfaces. Marginal alveolar bone loss (ABL) was evident in 26.8% of the children, at 4.0% of the sites. Two thirds of the children with ABL had bone defects in more than 1 site. Males had a significantly higher mean number of sites affected with marginal ABL, per child, than females (mean = 2.4, SE = 0.2 and mean = 1.8, SE = 0.2 respectively). ABL was found adjacent to: 0.8% of the intact surfaces; 16.9% of the carious surfaces; 7.8% of the restored surfaces; 1.8% and 53.8% of the sites without or with proximal contact loss respectively; 3.8% and 30.8% of the sites with or without an adequate amalgam restoration respectively; 4.9% and 25.8% of the sites with an adequate or inadequate crown restoration respectively. The differences in distribution of marginal alveolar bone loss were highly significant (Chi square analysis, p = < 0.0001) for sites with intact, carious or restored sites, and for the presence or absence of contact loss, adequate amalgam or adequate crown.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗

PubMed1995

The relationship between alveolar bone height and age in the primary dentition. A retrospective longitudinal radiographic study.

The natural history of changes in attachment level in the primary dentition should be determined before considering diagnostic criteria for periodontal diseases in children. The present study was designed to describe longitudinal changes in the distance between the alveolar bone crest and the cementoenamel junction (ABC-CEJ) determined radiographically. Bite-wing radiographs were obtained from 33 children as part of a routine annual dental examination in a rural community. The ABC-CEJ distance of 1500 sites located at the mesial and distal aspects of primary molars and distal aspect of primary cuspids were measured. An analysis of variance model was used to assess the effect of age, sex, tooth, side of the mouth, jaw, site and patient on the ABC-CEJ measurements. The side of the mouth (left, right) and the site (mesial, distal) had no significant effect on the ABC-CEJ distance. ABC-CEJ distances in the upper jaw were greater than in the lower jaw, and different teeth exhibited different ABC-CEJ distances. Canines had the greatest distance and second molars the smallest. The most interesting relationship was between alveolar bone height and age. The overall ABC-CEJ distance seemed to increase with age; however, this was not a linear relationship but followed the pattern of facial growth, with two spurts separated by a period of minimal increase. The results indicate that different levels of ABC-CEJ distance might be considered as a cut-off value for radiographic diagnosis of alveolar bone loss at different ages, for different primary teeth and for different jaws.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1995

Radiographic diagnosis of the normal alveolar bone height in the primary dentition.

Epidemiological studies on the prevalence of marginal alveolar bone loss (ABL) in children and adolescent are often based on a single range of measurements from the cemento-enamel junction to the alveolar bone crest (CEJ-ABC distance). For individual diagnosis however, the clinician must take in consideration that the CEJ-ABC distances in the primary dentition increase with age, and significantly differ among sites. The purpose of the present study is to present the range and cumulative probabilities of the CEJ-ABC distances, at the primary cuspid-molar area, to be utilized for the individual diagnosis of ABL on bite wing radiographs of the primary dentition. In bite-wing radiographs from 316 children aged 4 to 12 years, the normal CEJ-ABC distances were measured in 0.1 mm increments at 2007 sites; mesial surfaces of the primary molars, and distal surfaces of the primary molars and cuspids. A positive correlation was found between the mean CEJ-ABC distance per patient and age. Most of the measurements were < 2 mm, and measurements between 2 to 3 mm were found, in low percentages after age 9, at the distal surfaces of teeth 53, 63, 54, 64, 73 and 83 and the mesial surfaces of teeth 54, 64.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗

PubMed1995

Prevalence of marginal alveolar bone loss in children referred for treatment to the Paediatric Clinic at the School of Dentistry, University of Otago.

Proximal contact loss due to caries may contribute to the appearance of marginal alveolar bone loss (ABL) in the deciduous dentition. Children referred for treatment to the School of Dentistry, University of Otago, usually have special problems related to caries or management, or both, and the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of marginal ABL in children treated in this clinic, and to compare it with that found in a previous study in a random sample of New Zealand 5-year-olds. Posterior bite-wing radiographs of 187 children, aged 4 to 14 years, were selected for examination. A total of 1,523 sites, from the distal of the deciduous cuspids to the mesial of the deciduous second molar or the first permanent molar if present, were examined. ABL was recorded when there was complete absence of the lamina dura and the distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the crest of the alveolar bone was > 2 mm. ABL was found in 20.8 percent of the children; 31.9 percent of these sites were adjacent to extensive proximal caries; 83.3 percent were in the maxilla, and 95.8 percent were between deciduous teeth. The youngest age at which ABL was found was 5 years. Among the children with ABL, 48.7 percent had ABL in more than one site. Comparison of the prevalence of ABL at age 5 in the present study (19.2 percent) with the one previously reported for a random population (2.1 percent), suggested that, because of the special characteristics of the children attending the University clinic, students are exposed to an exaggerated image of caries and periodontal diseases in children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Alveolar bone loss in 5-year-old New Zealand children: its prevalence and relationship to caries prevalence, socio-economic status and ethnic origin.

This study investigated the prevalence of alveolar bone loss (ABL) in 5-year-old New Zealand children. The relationship of bone loss with the prevalence of caries, socio-economic status and ethnic origin was examined. Standardized bite-wing radiographs from 317 children were used to examine the alveolar bone in 1784 sites. Questionable bone loss (QBL) was evident in 8.5% of the children and definite bone loss (DBL) in 2.1%. The children with suitable radiographs had a mean dmft of 1.8 +/- 2.9 and mean dmfs of 2.7 +/- 5.0. When the children were divided into 3 groups having no bone loss (NBL), QBL only or DBL, analysis of variance on the logarithmic transformation of both the dmft and dmfs scores showed significant differences among the groups. Post hoc tests showed that the means for the DBL group were significantly different from those of the other 2 groups for both dmft and dmfs scores. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds ratio for having definite alveolar bone loss was slightly increased in children with a dmft of > or = 9.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗

PubMed1994

Sequential manifestation of different forms of early-onset periodontitis. A case report.

Pathogenic bacteria constitute the primary extrinsic agent in the etiology of early onset periodontitis. However, the risk of developing periodontal disease is not equal for all individuals, suggesting host factors are involved in determining an individual's disease susceptibility. In this report, a case of an otherwise healthy female, who exhibited prepubertal periodontitis (PPP) at age 10, juvenile periodontitis (JP) at age 13, and rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP) at age 29 years, is presented. Microbial, immunological, and genetic features of the case are presented. PPP, JP, and RPP are considered distinct disease entities, albeit with similar pathology and pathogenesis, yet all were manifest sequentially in the same individual. This report presents the idea that certain individuals are predisposed to early-onset periodontal diseases and the early identification of risk factors is important in the management of these individuals.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Subgingival bacteria in a case of prepubertal periodontitis, before and one year after extractions of the affected primary teeth.

The treatment of children with prepubertal periodontitis (PP), may be complicated by the extent of the lesions and the possibility of tetracycline stain of the developing permanent dentition. Therefore, with the purpose of preventing the infection of permanent teeth during the mixed dentition, it has been recommended that the treatment of children with PP, should include the early extraction of the primary teeth affected with alveolar bone loss (ABL). Still, there is little evidence which confirms that extraction of the affected primary teeth do in fact reduce the periodonto-pathogens load of the subgingival plaque. The present study reports values of colony forming units (CFU) of total anaerobic bacteria, Actinobacillus actynomicetemcomitans (Aa) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) from the subgingival plaque from a child with PP, collected immediately before and 1 year after extractions of the primary teeth affected with ABL. CFU of Aa and Pg developed only from the subgingival plaque collected before the extraction of the primary teeth affected with ABL. These findings suggest that in cases of PP, extraction of the affected primary teeth may reduce the possibility of infection of the periodontum of the permanent teeth during the mixed dentition period.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans↗

PubMed1993

The effect of facial growth, attrition, and age on the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest in the deciduous dentition.

The aim of this study was to describe the distances from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest (CEJ-ABC) in the deciduous dentition and to relate them to age, facial, and tooth structure in 72 dry human skulls. Age correlated significantly with anterior face height (AntFH), the distance from condyle to gnathion (Co-Gn), lateral face height (LatFH), molar anatomic crown (MAC), and molar space (MS). The CEJ-ABC per skull and for the molars correlated with age, LatFH, AntFH, Co-Gn, MS, and MAC. The CEJ-ABC for the canines and the incisors correlated with age, LatFH, AntFH, and Co-GN. Multiple regression analysis on the effect of age, AntFH, LatFH, Co-Gn, and MAC on the CEJ-ABC distances indicated that they account for 36.3% of the CEJ-ABC distance per skull, 68.8% for the molars, 34.3% for the canines, and 44.2% for the incisors. The effect of each variable while controlling for the others indicated that age, LatFH, and MAC had a significant effect on the CEJ-ABC of the molars, whereas only age had a significant effect on the CEJ-ABC of the canines and incisors. These results indicate that there is a site-specific effect of facial growth and attrition on the CEJ-ABC distances in the deciduous dentition.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1993

Changes in periodontal status of children and young adolescents: a one year longitudinal study.

The purpose of the present study was to describe longitudinal changes in accumulation of dental plaque and gingival inflammation, and their effect on changes in sulcus depth of children and young adolescents. Forty one boys and 37 girls aged 1-12 years living in a rural community in Israel were included in the study. At baseline and 12 months later, Loe's Plaque Index (PlI) and Gingival Index (GI), and sulcus depth were examined. Boys' mean age was significantly lower than girls' mean age (6.04 + 2.76 years, and 7.68 + 2.84 years respectively). PlI, GI and sulcus depth were higher in the 12-month examination compared to baseline. PlI was slightly higher in boys, while GI was slightly higher in girls. These differences however, were not statistically significant. At baseline, sulcus depth was significantly greater in girls than in boys, while at 12 months the difference was not significant. The children were grouped by age as follows: 1-5 years, 6-9 years and 10-12 years. PlI and GI mean scores were significantly higher among the 6-9-year-old individuals. Mean sulcus depth for the 10-12-year-old children was greater than that of the 6-9-year-olds at baseline and after 12 months. The effect of age, PlI and GI on the outcome variable (sulcus depth) was examined using a correlation matrix. At baseline, age showed the highest correlation (r = 0.659) followed by GI (r = 0.364) and PlI (r = 0.123). The same pattern was also observed at the 12 months examination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Distribution↗