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Biomedical subjects

E Brizzi

Publications and source records attributed to E Brizzi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Morphometric analysis of the fibroadipose tissue of the female pelvis.

PURPOSE: The structure of the retroperitoneal connective tissue of the female pelvis was evaluated to determine whether its spatial arrangement may have a role in supporting the pelvic viscera. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After in situ formalin fixation the pelvic viscera with the surrounding connective tissue were removed together with the pelvic floor from 18 female cadavers 48 to 68 years old. Serial macrosections of the bladder base, cervix, lower rectum and pelvic floor complex, cut in coronal (4 cases) and horizontal (10 cases) planes, were stained with azan-Mallory, and the remaining 4 were cut in the horizontal plane and plastinated using von Hagens E12 technique. Morphometry of the retroperitoneal connective tissue was performed using a computerized system for image analysis connected through a black and white television camera to an optic microscope. The diameters of the adipose lobules and density of the connective tissue were evaluated in the proximity of the visceral adventitia and the parietal pelvic fascia, respectively. RESULTS: The retroperitoneal connective tissue of the female pelvis consists of varying amounts of adipose tissue divided into small lobules by thin connective laminae. These laminae are connected to the visceral and parietal layers of the pelvic fascia, and are closely connected to the vascular and nervous bundle sheaths crossing the pelvis. At the level of the sacrouterine and cardinal ligaments we were unable to find any connective ligamentous structure. Only an areolar tissue was seen, which after removal of the lipids demonstrated a fibrillar structure. The mean area of the adipose lobules was smaller (average of 1.41 mm.2) near the viscera with respect to the lateral retroperitoneal connective tissue (average of 1.73 mm.2) due to greater ramification of the connective laminae. CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of real connective ligaments the retroperitoneal connective tissue forms a 3-dimensional network of thin connective laminae that are connected to the visceral adventitia, parietal layer of the pelvic fascia and neurovascular bundles crossing the pelvis. These connective laminae are bounding adipose lobules of different size (smaller near the viscera, larger at the periphery). Overall, the retroperitoneal connective tissue constitutes an anatomical structure that, beyond the functional limits of any individual ligament, may have supporting properties.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

The morphology of the prostatic capsule with particular regard to the posterosuperior region: an anatomical and clinical problem.

The composition of the prostatic capsule is important from a clinical point of view, since it is considered to be a barrier against the spread of prostatic tumours. Clinical follow-up demonstrates that apparently intracapsular tumours, particularly in the posterosuperior region of the gland, are frequently understaged at clinical diagnosis. The morphology of the prostatic capsule was studied in 6 cadavers. In each case the prostate was obtained in one block together with the basal portion of the bladder, the seminal vesicles, the anterior wall of the rectum and the periprostatic connective tissue. Part of the material was plastinated, while the remainder was studied using histological and immunohistochemical methods. The prostate was found to be surrounded by connective tissue abundant with smooth muscle cells, and continuous with the stromal septa which subdivide the glandular tissue. A rich network of blood vessels was identifiable. In some regions, particularly in the posterosuperior region, a real capsule was not identifiable. The connective tissue seemed to constitute a continuum between the prostate gland and neighbouring organs, in particular, a connective tissue barrier between the prostate and the seminal vesicles was completely absent. Therefore, due to the absence of a capsular barrier and to the presence of a rich vascular network a prostatic tumour which begins in the posterior region of the gland should be considered as potentially extracapsular.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The organization of subperitoneal connective tissue in the female pelvis.

The organization of the subperitoneal connective tissue in the female pelvis was studied in 6 cases, aged between 58 and 65, deceased from extrapelvic diseases. The pelvic viscera were removed as a whole with the surrounding subperitoneal tissue using a circular cut performed at the level of the pelvic walls. The specimens were fixed in 5% formalin. The bladder dome, uterine body and rectum, up to the anorectal junction, were removed. In two cases the specimens were dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. Ten micron sections were stained with Haematoxilin-Eosin and Azan-Mallory. In 2 other cases the specimens were plastinated according to Von Hagens E12 technique; the passage in acetone at room temperature lasted 24 hours. In the remaining 2 cases the plastination with E12 was carried out after a passage in acetone at room temperature which lasted about 15 days in order to fully remove the lipids from the subperitoneal adipose tissue. The morphological findings demonstrate that the subperitoneal tissue of the female pelvis has an areolar structure with small adipose lobules separated by thin fibrous laminae connected to the vasculo-nervous bundles and to the parietal and visceral layers of the fascia pelvica. The three dimensional spatial organization of the network of thin connective laminae constitutes an anatomical device with possible supporting properties.

Connective Tissue↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of the articulation heads in the elbow joint in relation to flexor-extension movements].

The angles involved in the physiological movements of the humero-ulnar joint have been studied by a semiautomatic image analyzer on 50 dried humeri and 50 dried ulnae and on 50 radiographs of normal elbow joints (22 male and 28 female). The angle (A) formed by the diaphyseal axis and the lower humeral epiphysis equals 34 degrees +/- 3.97 (media + s.d.) in dried bones; 35 degrees +/- 6.05 (male) and 35.5 degrees +/- 4.7 (female) in the radiographic images. The angle (B) formed by the trochlear notch axis and the horizontal plane equals 22.5 degrees +/- 5.31 in the dried bones; 28 degrees +/- 5.57 (male) and 25.5 degrees +/- 6.98 (female) in the radiographic images. According to these data the flexor-extension movement of the elbow joint is possible when the humeral angle (A) is less than 45 degrees even if this angle (A) is required to be more than the ulnar one (B).

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1985

CT identification of coeliac ganglia.

The authors achieved the "in vivo" identification of the coeliac ganglia (C.G.), using computerised tomography (CT). This result was confirmed by autopsies and by CT scans of an anatomical specimen in which the coeliac ganglia had been previously marked. CT allows an exact location of the coeliac ganglia and can be very useful for a precise alcoholic neurolysis of the coeliac plexus.

Ganglia, Sympathetic↗
PubMed1984

[Renal volume and human somatic type].

The abdominal C. T. of 128 patients (45 women and 83 men) aged more than 25, without any history of renal disease, have been analyzed by an evaluation computer. By the measure of the areas of kidney in each C. T. scan, the volume of the whole organ has been calculated. In men the volume resulted to be cm3 167 +/- 84,6 (M. +/- S.D.) for the right kidney and cm3 170 +/- 58 for the left one. In women it was cm3 142 +/- 54,9 for the right kidney and cm3 156 +/- 54,5 for the left one. The volumes of the organs collected into 3 classes according to their dimension, have been compared to the 3 somatic types of the subjects (Mega, Medium, Micro) obtained following the Brian & coll. method. Using a test for a monotonic trend for two ordered variables, no significant association has been demonstrated between the volume of the kidney and the human somatic type.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Characteristics of articular caps of the elbow in relation to flex-extension movement].

Considering the factors limiting flexo-extension movements of the elbow, particular importance has been given to the possible existing contact between its articular ends in the final stage of the movement. However, this factor has different importance according to the angle formed by the ulnar and humeral diaphysis with their respective epiphysis. Some authors assert that humeral and ulnar articular ends do not come into any contact during the first stage of the sigmoid cavity movement on the trochlea, according to their opinion, in fact, an angle of 45 degrees should exist between the prolongation of the humeral diaphysis axis and the lower epiphysis and the great ulnar sigmoid cavity should be oriented forward and high forming an axis that is inclined of 45 degrees the horizontal plane. In order to verify this affirmation, we have measured the width of these angles in 50 soaked humeri and 50 ulnas. The same angle has been measured in 50 radiograms of partially flexed laterally projected elbows. The mean observed values have been of about 34 degrees for the distal epiphysis-diaphysis angle in humeri and of about 25 degrees for the inclination angle of the orientation axis of the great ulnar sigmoid cavity. The results show that - when humeral epiphysis-diaphysis angle is larger or eventually equal to the ulnar one - it is sufficient that the considered angles are less than 45 degrees to get a correct and complete flexo-extension movement.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1983

[The presence of purinergic, quinacrine-positive neurons in the rabbit stomach].

Inhibitory non-adrenergic non-cholinergic efferent nerves are activated in the stomach of the rabbit by electrical vagal stimulation (1). Aim of the present research is to ascertain, in the rabbit stomach, by means of quinacrine fluorescence technique (6) the presence of quinacrine-positive cells and nerve fibers which are thought to be non-adrenergic non-cholinergic inhibitory nerves of gastric motility. A population of neurons showing a high affinity for quinacrine was revealed by fluorescence microscopy in the myenteric plexus of the rabbit stomach.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Anatomic study of the aponeurosis of the posterior spinal muscles].

A macroscopic study of the lumbar regions of 4 adult bodies and of 4 foetuses has been made by the authors to specify the inferior insertion of the deep muscles of the back. These observations have demonstrated that the longissimus dorsi, and the ilio-costalis muscles are separated by a sagittal aponeurosis. The aponeurosis is a ventral reflection of the aponeurotic fascia of the Erector Spinae.

Fascia↗
PubMed1982

[Excitatory and inhibitory vagal actions on the motility of normal rabbit stomach].

Electrical vagal nerve stimulation (10-20 V, 0.2-5 msec, 1-86 Hz) was carried out at cervical level in nembutal-urethane anestetized rabbits. The aim of the research was to selectively activate (0.2 msec) "low" excitatory, and (5 msec) "high" inhibitory efferent vagal nerve fibers supplying the stomach. In the intact stomach an increasing motor effect was evoked between 1 and 16 Hz. An inhibitory motor effect became, instead, evident at higher frequencies of stimulation (16-86 Hz) In atropinized animals excitatory motor effects were blocked. The inhibitory effects were instead still present and they were not affected by guanethidine. These results suggest a non-cholinergic, non-adrenergic mechanism for the vagal inhibitory control of gastric motility in rabbit.

Animals↗