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Biomedical subjects

E Button

Publications and source records attributed to E Button.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

An ethnic comparison of eating attitudes and associated psychological problems in young British women.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate possible differences in eating attitudes/problems and associated psychological problems in young women of differing ethnic origin. METHOD: In a city with a relatively high Asian population (with a background in the Indian subcontinent), 235 young women aged 18-27 registered with a general practice responded to a postal questionnaire. The questionnaire examined eating and weight problems (including the 26-item Eating Attitudes Test), self-esteem (measured by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), and general psychological well-being (measured by The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). We also included three short vignettes designed to assess illness perception and health seeking-behavior. RESULTS: We found relatively little difference in eating attitudes and problems according to ethnicity, although self-induced vomiting for weight control was more common among Caucasian women. Neither was there any difference in self-esteem, anxiety, depression, and illness perception. DISCUSSION: The results suggest that one cannot generalize about eating problems across the Asian population and a more sophisticated approach to the examination of sociocultural factors is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Actin, its associated proteins and metastasis.

In this short article we have overviewed the effect of transformation on AAPs. We have not dealt with molecules indirectly associated with actin which are modified by transformation, such as the catenins, cadherins, vinculin, and integrins [Tsukita et al., 1993], although their relationship with and importance to the transformed phenotype cannot be overemphasised. Similarly, alterations in polyphosphoinositide metabolism that occur in transformed cells may also promote or induce alterations in the microfilament cytoskeleton via interactions with proteins such as gelsolin, alpha-actinin, and MARCKS [Bretscher, 1993]. At present, there are no clear-cut rules regarding the effect that oncogenesis has on AAPs, since the expression level of one oncogenically modified AAP can vary from one tumour to another, even within the same type of tumour [Yamamoto et al., 1993]. This apparent inconsistency may well be because we are "playing with an incomplete pack of cards" [Pollard, 1993], or it may reflect this highly complex control mechanism in which any perturbation of the normal expression levels of actin/AAPs unbalances the delicate equilibrium which controls normal cell behaviour [Bray and Vasiliev, 1989]. For example, it is possible that oncogenically induced alterations to actin isoform expression [Lin et al., 1985] exert a downstream effect on actin-associated protein expression. Oncogenically induced actin based cell movements may be activated by alterations to either a single AAP or a synergistic functional unit of these molecules [Shapland et al., 1993; Vandekerckhove et al., 1990].(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actins↗
PubMed1990

Self-esteem in girls aged 11-12: baseline findings from a planned prospective study of vulnerability to eating disorders.

The paper reports on the first stage of a planned prospective study of self-esteem and risk for eating disorders in 594 schoolgirls aged 11-12. Subjects completed a short questionnaire which incorporated the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a few "problem" questions, including one on fatness concern. Low self-esteem was associated with increased fatness concern, but also with problems in general. The girls will be followed up in detail at age 15-16, with a view to clarifying whether low self-esteem is predictive of clinically significant eating disorders.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Personal construct theory and psychological well-being.

The concept of 'psychological well-being' (as opposed to 'psychological disorder') is considered from the standpoint of George Kelly's personal construct theory (Kelly, 1955). It is argued that the origin of psychological disorder lies in a difficulty in 'person construing', with particular reference to 'self-construing'. For some (like schizophrenics) this may be a relatively permanent state of affairs, whereas for others it may reflect a temporary crisis or transition. It seems that the ability to maintain a relatively stable, yet flexible, self-construction may be crucial. Social relationships, however, although potentially validating, also carry the risk of invalidating our self-construction. An individual's particular response to 'invalidation' may be substantially determined by commonality of construing in his particular context, e.g. an adolescent female may turn to slimming whereas a young male may turn to alcohol. Although the theory has proved to be most useful at an explanatory level, it has been applied therapeutically only to a limited extent. It is argued that psychologists may make a greater contribution to the enhancement of psychological well-being by applying constructive alternativism within a learning or educational context rather than the clinical setting.

Adaptation, Psychological↗