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Biomedical subjects

E C Benton

Publications and source records attributed to E C Benton.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The prevalence of skin disorders in renal allograft recipients receiving cyclosporin A compared with those receiving azathioprine.

Ninety-four renal allograft recipients receiving cyclosporin A (CsA) immunosuppression for up to 4 years were examined for the presence of viral warts, keratoses, and skin cancers. They were compared with a group of 68 recipients on azathioprine who had been matched for duration of immunosuppression and other factors that might influence the occurrence of these lesions. No difference in prevalence of these tumours was found. Viral, bacterial, and fungal infections and other disorders of the skin related to immunosuppression were also noted. Apart from hypertrichosis, which occurred more frequently in the CsA group, no differences were observed. In view of the importance of duration of immunosuppression, the relative effects on the skin of the two drugs will not become apparent until CsA has been in general use for a much longer period of time. In the early stages, however, there appear to be no differences in the dermatological side-effects between CsA- and azathioprine-treated patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The changing face of dermatology out-patient referrals in the south-east of Scotland.

A study of out-patient dermatological services (NHS and private) in the south-east of Scotland was carried out by medical staff in the Department of Dermatology in Edinburgh during the month of November 1988. The aim was to assess changes in referral patterns and workload compared with the findings of an identical investigation undertaken in November 1981. Of particular interest were the possible effects of recent publicity campaigns aimed at increasing public awareness about skin cancer. The medical complement of the dermatology department had changed minimally since 1981 and the population increase in the south-east of Scotland over the same period was 1.5%. During November 1988 1592 new patients and 2037 review patients were seen. This represented an increase of 29.2% and 28.3%, respectively, since 1981. The most striking changes in diagnostic groups were a 173% rise in new cases presenting with benign tumours (excluding viral warts) and a 106% increase in new patients with malignant tumours. Viral warts and eczema were, as in 1981, the second and third most common diagnostic categories amongst new patients. There was a 98% increase in the number of surgical procedures performed on new patients compared with 1981. We conclude that the substantial increase in numbers of both benign and malignant tumours and the consequent doubling in surgical treatments was due to increased public awareness and concern about skin cancer.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1990

Trial of nedocromil sodium in atopic eczema.

The efficacy of orally administered nedocromil sodium, a mast-cell stabilizer, was assessed in the treatment of adults with atopic eczema plus food allergy. Twenty adults with atopic eczema and allergy to hens' eggs, cows' milk or wheat took part in this double-blind, cross-over study of nedocromil sodium versus placebo, each treatment period lasting 4 weeks. No significant differences were found between the two treatments on clinical assessment, or by measurement of total and specific IgE levels.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Detection of human papillomavirus in skin and genital lesions of renal allograft recipients by in situ hybridization.

Renal allograft recipients have an increased incidence of malignancy including squamous carcinoma of cervix and skin. There is growing evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) has a part to play in malignant transformation at these sites. We have previously identified HPV DNA in the skin and genital lesions of such patients by dot and Southern blotting. In situ hybridization studies, using biotinylated DNA probes for HPV 4, 5 and 8 in skin lesions and 6, 11, 16 and 18 in genital lesions, were performed on tissues derived from the same group of patients. In the cutaneous lesions, only 25% of the specimens probed were found to contain virus by in situ hybridization; 60% of these specimens were found to harbour virus by dot and Southern blotting. In situ hybridization revealed HPV 16 and/or 18 in 86% of the genital lesions probed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Human papilloma virus infection and skin cancer in renal allograft recipients.

202 renal allograft recipients in south-east Scotland, who had received transplants between 1965 and 1986, were monitored over 3 years (1984-87) for the presence of warts, keratoses, and skin cancers. 77% of 69 patients with graft survival of more than 5 years had viral warts, 38% had keratoses, and 12% had skin cancers, whereas of the 133 with graft survival of less than 5 years 20% had warts, 17% had keratoses, and 1.5% had skin cancers. The ratio of squamous cell carcinoma to basal cell carcinoma was 15:1. Most viral warts showed significant epidermal dysplasia, and keratoses and squamous cell carcinomas had signs of human papilloma virus infection. 15 (60%) of 25 squamous cell carcinomas contained HPV5/8 DNA and 1 contained HPV4 DNA--HPV5/8 DNA was detected in skin lesions of recipients with cancers significantly more often than in those matched for duration and type of immunosuppression with nonmalignant skin lesions. The findings suggest a role for HPV5/8 in the aetiology of squamous cell carcinoma in renal allograft recipients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

IgE-mediated allergy in adults with severe atopic eczema.

A study was carried out of 45 adults with atopic eczema sequentially admitted to the Dermatology wards in the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh. The clinical course of the eczema, the associated atopic conditions and the possible role of inhalant and food allergens were assessed. Most subjects had developed eczema in early childhood, but nine of the 45 developed it for the first time after the age of 15 yr. Eleven subjects outgrew their eczema around puberty only to experience recrudescence in their late teens. In 18 subjects the eczema was flexural until the late teens, when it became widespread. In this group of severely affected subjects, 25 had a history of asthma, 29 had either seasonal or perennial rhinitis, and 10 had current symptoms of food allergy. All but one had elevated total serum IgE concentrations (range 63-50,000 kU/l). Using dilutions of the subjects' serum in the radio-allergosorbent test, an estimate of the specific IgE to 10 allergens (three inhalants, seven foods) was obtained, where 1 RAST unit is roughly equivalent to 1 IU total IgE. Most of the IgE was produced in response to the inhalant allergens tested (grass pollen, house dust mite and cat epithelium), 32 of the subjects having a RAST score of 3 or 4 to each of the three inhalant allergens, with the remaining 13 having a RAST score of 3 or 4 to at least one. The highest levels were to house dust mite, exceeding 1000 RAST units in 13 subjects. Thirteen subjects had a RAST score of 4 to at least one food allergen, with levels up to 1000 RAST units. Although this usually correlated with a history of allergy to the food (except in the case of wheat), some subjects with a positive RAST to a specific food could eat the food without problem.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Histopathology of skin lesions in renal allograft recipients--an assessment of viral features and dysplasia.

We report the pathology of benign and malignant skin lesions from 13 renal allograft recipients. The 59 lesions included 18 squamous carcinomas, 16 verrucous keratoses, 19 warts with varying dysplasia, three plaque lesions resembling those found in epidermodysplasia verruciformis, two non-specific keratoses and one basal cell carcinoma. We delineate criteria for histological assessment of the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) and use the term verrucous keratosis for lesions in which there is a putative viral contribution. Our findings emphasize the lack of correlation between clinical and histological assessment of the lesions. We note the variable and significant dysplasia within otherwise typical viral warts and the architectural features suggestive of HPV presence in the dysplastic lesions and in in situ and invasive squamous carcinomas. Parallel virological studies have revealed the presence of HPV 5/8 in over 60% of the invasive and in situ carcinomas probed. These HPV types have previously been isolated from squamous carcinomas of epidermodysplasia verruciformis, a condition whose defective cell-mediated immunity may be compared with that of the immunosuppression in our patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

House dust mite allergy and atopic eczema: a case report.

Sequential measurements were made of total and specific serum IgE concentrations in an adult patient with severe atopic eczema. Initially, the total serum IgE concentration and the concentration of IgE antibody to house dust mite were very high. These concentrations decreased over the next 3 years, following amelioration of her eczema. However, they rose again when her eczema worsened as a result of marital problems and fell once again with amelioration of her eczema after separation from her husband. The IgE concentrations to other common allergens, however, remained stable during this period. These results suggest that large amounts of house dust mite antigen may be scratched into the skin during clinical exacerbations of the eczema, this in turn aggravating the state of the skin because of hypersensitivity to the mite.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Skin reactions to foods in patients with atopic dermatitis.

Thirty-seven patients with moderate or severe persistent atopic dermatitis gave a history of skin reactions following the ingestion of certain foods. These reactions fell into three groups: immediate reactions (within one hour) which included angio-oedema, contact urticaria, generalised itching and erythema, or urticaria; late reactions, where patients experienced late urticaria, late angio-oedema, itching, or exacerbation of the dermatitis; dual reactions where immediate reactions were followed by exacerbation of the atopic dermatitis. The foods implicated were either potential allergens or recognised nonimmunological histamine-release agents. Foods which caused an IgE-mediated reaction tended to produce early or dual reactions whereas histamine releasing foods tended to result in late reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The dermatology out-patient service: a study of out-patient referrals in a Scottish population.

A comprehensive survey of the dermatology out-patient service, including private practice, was undertaken by the medical staff of the Department of Dermatology, in Edinburgh. The unit serves a population of 1,171,000 in the south-east region of Scotland. One thousand two hundred and thirty-two new patients and 1587 follow-up patients were seen in 1 month. Ninety-five per cent of new referrals were from general practitioners and the remaining 5% were from hospital doctors. Benign tumours (19.3%), viral warts (16.9%) and dermatitis/eczema (16.7%) accounted for over half of all new consultations. The routine waiting time for a clinic appointment was 5 weeks, but 9.5% of new patients were seen within 3 weeks of referral and a further 6.5% within 48 hours. Minor surgical procedures, excluding the treatment of viral warts, were carried out on 22% of new patients.

Appointments and Schedules↗