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Biomedical subjects

E C Lo

Publications and source records attributed to E C Lo.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Tooth spaces in and prosthetic treatment received by the middle-aged and the elderly in Hong Kong.

The purpose of this study was to describe the state of the dentition of middle-aged and elderly Chinese in Hong Kong in terms of teeth present, tooth spaces, and prosthetic treatment received. In an oral health survey conducted in 1991 in Hong Kong, a sample of 372 35-44-yr-olds and 537 noninstitutionalized 65-74-yr-olds was interviewed and clinically examined. In all dentate subjects, each tooth was scored for the presence/absence of that tooth, a tooth space of 5.5 mm which had not been treated, or the presence of a denture or pontic replacing that tooth. Each denture was assessed according to a set of criteria. None of the 35-44-yr-olds were edentulous and the mean number of teeth present was 27.5. About 40% of the third molars and about 35% of the mandibular first molars were missing. For only 1% of the missing teeth had space closure resulted in missing teeth not being recorded as tooth spaces or treated tooth spaces. Overall, 72% of the 35-44-yr-olds had no prosthesis, 17% had a bridge or bridges, 12% had a denture or dentures, and 1% had both. Of the 65-74-yr-olds, 12% were edentulous, and the dentate subjects had a mean number of 17 teeth present. About 70% of the molars were missing. Overall, only 29% of the elderly had no prosthesis, 52% had a denture or dentures, 33% had a bridge or bridges, and 13% had both. Only 35% and 28%, respectively, of the middle-aged and elderly denture wearers had no complaint about their dentures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Oral health care needs among the middle-aged and the elderly in Hong Kong.

A sample of 372 35-44-yr-olds and 537 noninstitutionalized 65-74-yr-olds were clinically examined in an oral health survey of Hong Kong Chinese conducted in 1991. The examination procedures and diagnostic criteria for assessing restorative and extraction treatment need followed those recommended by the World Health Organization. The Community Periodontal Index-based periodontal treatment needs involving index teeth or their replacements were computed from separate clinic scores for maximum probing depth, presence of calculus, and bleeding after probing. A set of criteria for assessing prosthodontic treatment need was specially laid down for this survey. Examiners were calibrated before the survey, and the interexaminer reliability was found to be generally good. Besides reporting the various individual normative treatment need items in the traditional way, the present analysis used some holistic treatment-need categories which may have manpower-requirement implications for the classification of subjects. All dentate subjects surveyed required some treatment. Only 6% of the elderly, all edentulous, required denture work only. Of the 35-44-yr-olds, 42% needed scaling and oral hygiene instruction only, which could be provided by dental hygienists. The treatment needs of the vast majority of the middle-aged and the elderly (mainly scaling; simple fillings; and extractions, dentures, or both) could be easily handled by general dentists. Only about one-fifth of the subjects in both age groups required some complex care such as endodontics, crowns, and advanced periodontal treatment, which could be delivered by senior dentists or dentists with specialist training.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Determinants of variation in dental caries experience in primary teeth of Hong Kong children aged 6-8 years.

A representative sample of Hong Kong children aged 6-8 yr was examined for dental caries, and data on possible explanatory variables for dmft were obtained from questionnaires. Variation in dmft was partially accounted for by the effect of some demographic variables and other variables having a socioeconomic base. Girls had a lower dmft index than boys, and being born in Hong Kong rather than elsewhere (that is, China) was also associated with a lower dmft index. Better dental status was strongly associated with increasing educational level of the mother, monthly household income, and with an increasingly positive perception of the questionnaire respondent's own dental status. Preschool dental visits and enrollment in the School Dental Care Service were associated with higher dmft indices. Altogether, 22.5% of the variance in dmft was explained. It was concluded that: 1) demographic and socioeconomic factors significantly affect dmft variation in Hong Kong. 2) the mother's role in determining the dental status of her child is probably important, and 3) further elucidation of the variation in dmft will depend on the analysis of data pertaining to dietary and oral hygiene practices during the preschool years and to an analysis of tooth morphology, fluoride exposure, and microbiologic, salivary, and genetic factors.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Effects of School Dental Care Service in Hong Kong--primary teeth.

The aim of this study was to describe the effects of the School Dental Care Service on the dental status of primary teeth, against the background of the water fluoridation program. A representative sample of Chinese children aged 6-12 yr was selected for a dental examination for caries and treatment needs. Thirty-two percent of the children aged 6-8 yr were caries free. The dmft indices for 6, 7, and 8-yr-olds were 2.8, 3.1, and 2.9 respectively, and the ratio of decayed to filled teeth declined from 3.2 at age 6 to 1.0 at age 9. The average child aged 6-8 yr needed treatment for caries on just fewer than two teeth. More teeth were in need of 1-surface fillings and such complex treatment as pulpotomy than other treatment types. It was concluded that 1) dental caries prevalence and severity in primary teeth of Hong Kong children continues to decline, 2) there has been an obvious improvement in dental fitness as a result of establishing the School Dental Care Service, 3) the risk to dental caries appears to be associated with the preschool time-frame and therefore 4) the dental service should redirect its attention to preschool children and 5) replace its restorative policy with a preventive policy.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Dental caries status and treatment needs of the permanent dentition of 6-12-year-olds in Hong Kong.

An oral health survey was conducted in 1986 on a representative sample of primary school children in Hong Kong. 1483 Chinese children of both sexes, aged 6-12 yr, attending 56 primary schools were surveyed. The DMFT index for the 6-yr-olds was 0.1, and for the 12-yr-olds it was 1.5. Forty percent of the 12-yr-olds were clinically caries-free. The permanent molars constituted 90% of the total caries experience of the 12-yr-olds. Over 90% of the caries lesions were found in pits and fissures. The dental caries treatment need in the permanent dentition was low and of the simple type. A great reduction in the dental caries experience of the permanent dentition of children has occurred since the introduction of water fluoridation 25 yr ago. In addition to treatment care, preventive measures should be provided by the School Dental Care Service for children with a high caries risk.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical investigation of two glass-ionomer restoratives used with the atraumatic restorative treatment approach in China: two-years results.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical performance of two glass-ionomer cements, ChemFlex (Dentsply DeTrey) and Fuji IX GP (GC), when used with the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) approach in China. METHODS: Eighty-nine school children aged between 6 and 14 years who had bilateral matched pairs of carious posterior teeth were included. A split-mouth design was used in which the two materials were randomly placed on contralateral sides. The performance of the restorations was assessed directly and also indirectly from die-stone replicas at baseline and after 6, 12, and 24 months. RESULTS: The 24-month cumulative survival rates of ART restorations in the primary teeth were 93 and 90% for the ChemFlex and Fuji IX GP class I restorations, respectively, while 40 and 46% of class II restorations placed with the respective materials were satisfactory. In the permanent dentition, only class I restorations were involved and the cumulative survival rates were 95 and 96% for ChemFlex and Fuji IX GP. For the primary teeth after 24 months, net mean occlusal wear was 87 microm for ChemFlex and 85 microm for Fuji IX GP. The occlusal wear in the permanent teeth was 75 microm for ChemFlex and 79 microm for Fuji IX GP. CONCLUSION: The clinical performance of both materials over a 24-month period was similar and the survival rates of class I ART restorations in both primary and permanent teeth were high.

Adolescent↗