Biomedical subjects

E Cahlin

Publications and source records attributed to E Cahlin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1997

The Gothenburg breast screening trial: first results on mortality, incidence, and mode of detection for women ages 39-49 years at randomization.

BACKGROUND: The effect of mammography screening on breast carcinoma mortality in women ages < 50 years remains unclear. METHODS: A randomized trial of invitation to breast carcinoma screening with mammography was performed in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden. The purpose was to estimate the effect of mammographic screening on breast carcinoma mortality in women ages < 50 years. Randomization was initially by day-of-birth cluster (18% of subjects), and subsequently by individual (82% of subjects). Between September 1983 and April 1984, 11,724 women ages 39-49 years were randomized to the study group. This group was invited to mammographic screening every 18 months. Two-view mammography was used at each screen unless the density of the breast at the previous screen indicated that single view was adequate. Fourteen thousand two hundred and seventeen women in the same age range were randomized to a control group that was not invited to undergo screening until the fifth screen of the study group (between 6 and 7 years after randomization). Women with breast carcinoma diagnosed up to the time immediately after the first screen of the control group were followed for death from breast carcinoma until the end of December 1994. RESULTS: A 45% reduction in mortality from breast carcinoma was observed in the study group compared with the control group (relative risk [RR] = 0.55, P = 0.035, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31-0.96). A conservative estimate based on removal of the tumors detected at the first screen of the control group gave a mortality reduction of 44% (RR = 0.56, P = 0.046, 95% CI, 0.31-0.99). In both cases, the effect was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Mammographic screening can reduce mortality from breast carcinoma in women ages < 50 years. The mortality reduction can be substantial if high quality mammography is used and an 18-month interscreening interval is strictly adhered to.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

The Gothenburg Breast Cancer Screening Trial: preliminary results on breast cancer mortality for women aged 39-49.

We carried out a randomized trial of invitation to screening mammography in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden, to estimate the effect of screening on breast cancer mortality in women under age 50 years. A total of 11,724 women aged 39-49 were randomized to the study group, which was invited to mammographic screening every 18 months; 14,217 women in the same age range were randomized to a control group, which was not invited to screening until the fifth screen of the study group. Breast cancers diagnosed in both groups between randomization and immediately after the first screen of the control group were followed up for death from breast cancer to the end of December 1994. There was a significant 44% reduction in mortality from breast cancer in the study group compared to the control group (relative risk [RR] = 0.56, P = 0.042, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32-0.98). A conservative estimate based on removal of the cancers detected at the first screen of the control group gave an RR = 0.59 (P = 0.069, 95% CI: 0.33-1.05). The true answer is likely to lie between the two estimates. These data suggest that mammographic screening can reduce breast cancer mortality in women under age 50, particularly if high-quality mammography is used and a short interscreening interval is adhered to.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Results of postoperative clinical examination of inguinal hernia after three years.

Of 285 consecutively operated inguinal hernias in 274 patients 87.4% were clinically examined after three years by two independent investigators. The operations were performed by several surgeons in a small community hospital. All patients were adults. The total reucrrence rate was 10.4%, but if only symptomatic recurrences were included, the recurrence rate was 5.2%. No recurrences were seen in women. Total recurrence rates were in men for lateral hernias 7.7%, medial hernias 11.8% and for recurrent hernia 18.4%. When only symptomatic recurrences in men were taken into account the corresponding figures were 2.4%, 7.8% and 13.2% respectively. Simultaneous bilateral operation seemed to increase the risk of recurrence, while bilateral hernia disease per se did not increase the recurrence rate. The total complication rate was 2.4% and there was no mortality.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Treatment of retained bile duct calculi with T-tube infusion of sodium cholate and heparin.

A series of 26 patients with retained radiolucent bile duct calculi diagnosed at postoperative cholangiagrophy through the T-tube is presented. All patients were treated with infusion of 15-20 g sodium cholate in 1000 ml saline and 20,000 units of heparin in 1000 ml saline per 24 hours. In 19 of 26 patients (73 per cent) the calculi disappeared. No complications were encountered. This treatment is recommended prior to reoperation in all patients with retained radiolucent bile duct calculi diagnosed by postoperative cholangiography through the T-tube.

Adult↗

PubMed1976