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Biomedical subjects

E Carroll

Publications and source records attributed to E Carroll.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Inhibition of rabbit beta-globin synthesis by complementary oligonucleotides: identification of mRNA sites sensitive to inhibition.

We tested the effects of a series of synthetic oligonucleotides (hybridons) complementary to the 5' noncoding and coding regions of rabbit beta-globin mRNA on endogenous protein synthesis in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free translation system. With highly purified hybridons inhibition was completely specific for beta-globin. The sites most sensitive to inhibition are the beginning of the 5' noncoding region and a sequence including the initiation codon and several upstream bases. The region between these was relatively insensitive to inhibition. The sites of maximum sensitivity coincide with known protein binding sites, suggesting that hybridons exert their effects in part by blocking the binding of proteins required for translation. Their effectiveness seems related to the ease with which they are displaced by ribosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Platelet storage results in a redistribution of glycoprotein Ib molecules. Evidence for a large intraplatelet pool of glycoprotein Ib.

Platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib contains receptor for von Willebrand factor and thrombin. Its proteolytic fragment, glycocalicin, circulates in normal plasma. In this study, storage of platelet concentrates for 5 d resulted in a 221% increase in plasma glycocalicin (1.3 times the total amount of glycocalicin present on the surface of all platelets), an 8% overall increase in platelet surface GPIb, and the appearance of a surface GPIb-negative subpopulation of platelets. Total platelet GPIb content of fresh washed platelets, determined by gel electrophoresis and immunoassay of Triton X-100 lysates, averaged 159,740 molecules per platelet. There were 36,360 surface GPIb molecules per platelet, determined by immunoassay of the supernatant of fresh washed platelets whose surface GPIb had been completely plasmin-cleaved. In summary, these studies provide evidence for (a) a redistribution of GPIb molecules with platelet storage, and (b) a large intraplatelet pool of GPIb (approximately threefold larger than the platelet surface pool of GPIb).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Blood coagulation with a combination pill containing gestodene and ethinyl estradiol.

The coagulation effects of oral contraceptives are determined by the interaction of the estrogen and the progestogen components. Serial studies on the coagulation system were carried out in 120 randomly allocated healthy women to compare the effects of (1) triphasic gestodene/ethinyl estradiol and triphasic levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol and (2) monophasic gestodene/ethinyl estradiol and monophasic desogestrel/ethinyl estradiol. The triphasic study showed significant increases in factor VII, factor X, fibrinogen, plasminogen, and fibrinolytic activity. No significant differences were noted between levonorgestrel and gestodene except for factor VII, which was higher with gestodene. Antithrombin III and anti-Xa were unchanged, and platelet aggregation was slightly accelerated with gestodene. The monophasic study is still in progress: Significant increases of factor VII, factor X, plasminogen, and fibrinolytic activity and no changes in antithrombin III, anti-Xa, and platelet aggregation have been found with both monophasic gestodene and desogestrel. The results of the triphasic study indicate that the effect of gestodene on the blood coagulation system is similar to that of levonorgestrel and that both formulations increase fibrinolytic activity. The increased coagulation activity would appear to be counteracted by enhanced fibrinolysis, so protecting the dynamic balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis. Further data are required in the monophasic gestodene and desogestrel study before any conclusions can be drawn.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Erythema elevatum diutinum: cutaneous vasculitis, impaired clot lysis, and response to phenformin.

Erythema elevatum diutinum consists of chronic, often painful, predominantly acral skin nodules and plaques, associated with an underlying cutaneous vasculitis. A patient with this disorder is described, who had an elevated sedimentation rate, positive antinuclear factor, impaired clot lysis, and dramatic fibrin deposition in skin vessel walls. A variety of treatments were without benefit in this case as in most others, but phenformin produced marked improvement for periods of 11 and 16 months on two occasions. Protection of the lesions from minor trauma is also important.

Adjustment Disorders↗