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Biomedical subjects

E Casper

Publications and source records attributed to E Casper.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and vindesine combination chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer.

Seventy-four patients with non-small cell lung cancer were treated in a prospective, randomized trial either with a four-drug combination of cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and vindesine (PACE) or with a three-drug combination of cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, and vindesine (PCE). None of these patients had received prior chemotherapy, and all had a Karnofsky performance status of at least 60. Of 68 evaluable patients, 21 (31%) had complete or partial remissions. Response rates for PACE and PCE were similar, and there was no difference in response rates for patients with adenocarcinoma or epidermoid cancer. The median duration of remission was 10 months (range, 2-26+); five patients are still in remission (median, 18+ months; range, 17+ to 26+). The median duration of survival for responding patients (complete or partial) was 18 months. Toxic effects, including mild to moderate myelosuppression, peripheral neuropathy, and nephrotoxicity, were manageable in general. The response rates and remission durations for PACE and PCE are similar to those seen with the two-drug combination of cisplatin and vindesine, and toxic effects are similar. Thus, the addition of doxorubicin and/or cyclophosphamide adds no advantage to the use of the cisplatin and vindesine combination alone.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Phase II evaluation of DON (6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine) in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma.

Twenty-three patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma, previously treated with chemotherapy, were entered in a phase II trial of DON (6-Diazo-5-Oxo-L-Norleucine), an antagonist of L-glutamine. One of 14 adequately treated patients had a partial response of 6 weeks duration. The dose-limiting toxicity was nausea and vomiting; 48% of patients originally entered on the study withdrew because of vomiting. Myelosuppression was minimal, with only mild thrombocytopenia noted. The dose and schedule used in this study were beyond the maximally tolerated dose for many patients; future phase II studies of DON will be difficult to complete unless schedules and doses are found which result in less nausea and vomiting.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Phase II trial of methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Fifty-two patients with metastatic or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated, during a phase II trial, with methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG). Of the 44 patients who had adequate trials, 4 had partial responses (PR), for an overall 9% PR rate. Response durations ranged from 3 to 5+ months. Prior treatment with chemotherapy may have adversely affected response rate; 15% of previously untreated patients responded, compared to only 4% of previously treated patients. A syndrome of weakness and fatigue was the most serious side effect. Anorexia and weight loss, stomatitis, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and peripheral neuropathy were the other toxic effects. We conclude that MGBG has activity in NSCLC, especially in previously untreated patients, and further studies are indicated in that population.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

The alcohol emergency room in a general hospital: a model for crisis intervention.

The alcohol emergency room at Denver General Hospital provides a model for crisis intervention for alcoholics. The unit is staffed 24 hours a day by nurses. Patients spend an average of 45 minutes in waiting time and triage. About half the patients require inpatient treatment; the others are referred to outpatient programs. Unit staff emphasize consultation and liaison with other hospital staff to coordinate the treatment system and provide education on aspects of alcoholism. They also explain the patient's condition and needs to his significant others, who provide crucial external support. Staff currently see 400 patients and answer about 270 telephone requests for information about alcoholism treatment monthly.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1978

Antigenic relationships between the typhus and spotted fever groups of rickettsiae.

Paired sera from cases of epidemic typhus in Ethiopia and from probable cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) in the United States were examined by microagglutination (MA) and microimmunofluorescence (micro-IF) tests for antibodies against Rickettsia prowazekii, Rickettsia typhi, Rickettsia canada, Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia conorii and Ricksettsia akari. IgG and IgM antibodies against the various rickettsiae were titrated with specific fluorescein-conjugated anti-IgG and anti-IgM sera. Purified, particulate rickettsial antigens were employed in all tests. A majority of patients acutely ill with epidemic typhus produced both IgG and IgM antibodies against R. prowazekii, R. typhi and R. canada. Concurrently they produced IgG (but seldom IgM) antibodies against members of the spotted fever group. In contrast, patients ill with probably spotted fever, while producing IgG and IgM antibodies against R. rickettsii, R. conorii and R. akari, also produced both IgG and IgM antibodies with about equal frequency against members of the typhus group. It was concluded that a relatively broad antigenic relationship exists between rickettsiae of the typhus and spotted fever groups.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

Serologic diagnosis of epidemic typhus fever.

Microagglutination (MA), microcomplement-fixation (CF), indirect microimmunofluorescence (micro-IF) and Weil-Felix (WF) tests were compared for sensitivity and specificity in detection of antibodies against Rickettsia prowazekii and for serologic diagnosis of epidemic typhus fever. Paired sera from hospitalized Ethiopian patients suffering from febrile illness were examined. Purified particulate rickettsial antigens used in MA, CF and micro-IF tests were made from infected yolk sacs by differential centrifugation from molar NaCl and from NaCl-sucrose, D20=1.1491, pH 5.5. In sensitivity the tests ranked micro-IF greater than MA greater than CF greater than WF. Use of specific anti-IgG and anti-IgM sera in parallel micro-IF tests made it possible to differentiate cases of recrudescent epidemic typhus (Brill-Zinsser disease) from primary epidemic typhus cases. Antibodies reacting in high titer with R. canada were produced by 86% of patients with rising antibody titers against R. prowazekii.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phase II trial of elliptinium in advanced renal cell carcinoma and carcinoma of the breast.

Elliptinium, 100 mg/m2 i.v. weekly, was administered to 14 patients with advanced renal cancer and 4 with breast cancer. There were no responses in 11 adequately treated patients. An unexpectedly high incidence of xerostomia, allergic, and hemolytic reactions were observed, which resulted in cessation of the trial. Recent data suggest polymer formation occurs with reconstituted elliptinium, and further trials are warranted when a new formulation is available.

Adenocarcinoma↗