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Biomedical subjects

E D Alberman

Publications and source records attributed to E D Alberman.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Annual statistical review.

We have given an indication of the range of national data which are available on child health. Paediatricians are familiar with simple demographic, mortality, and morbidity statistics, and it is intended tht trends in these should be updated annually. There is, however, a wealth of data on the use of medical social, and financial services which will be reported in future. Professional interest may help to improve the collection and presentation of national data, and we hope that this series will do this as well as providing a source of data for those who do not otherwise have access to it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Infants of very low birthweight. II: Perinatal factors in and conditions associated with respiratory distress syndrome.

The incidence and case fatality of certain neonatal conditions reported in 692 liveborn infants of birthweights 2000g or less born in South East London in 1970, 1971 and 1973 are presented. 210 (30.3 per cent) died in the neonatal period: respiratory disease and cerebral haemorrhage were the leading causes of death. 482 (69.7 per cent) survived. In these infants, jaundice, respiratory disease and biochemical disorders were the most frequently reported conditions. Because of the numerical importance of the respiratory distress syndrome, both as a single and as an associated diagnosis, a special study was made of predisposing factors. Gestational age, sex, condition of the infant assessed after birth, temperature of the infant on admission for care, and caesarean section were all shown to be independently associated with the incidence of respiratory distress. This confirms the views that the incidence could be reduced if particular attention were paid to the maintenance of body temperature, especially in those infants at risk by reason of the other factors identified.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1977

After court.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Child↗
PubMed1976

A cytogenetic study of human spontaneous abortions using banding techniques.

The karyotypes of 941 singleton and 42 twin abortuses and 4 cystic placentae were determined. 30.5% of the singletons were chromosomally abnormal; 49.8% of these were trisomic, 23.7% X-monosomics and 17.4% polyploid. 143 trisomies were identified by banding; over a third had an extra chromosome 16, more than 10% an extra 21 or 22 and about 5% an extra 2, 18 or 15. Examples of trisomy 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14 and 20 were also encountered. Using the data from two other published studies, the prevalence of different trisomies was estimated and an attempt was made to relate the karyotype of the conceptus to its subsequent development.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

Congenital malformations of the central nervous system in spontaneous abortions.

A study of 2620 pregnancies ending in spontaneous abortion revealed a CNS defect in 3.6% of embryos and fetuses, and 3% of all complete conceptuses. The type of malformation observed varied with the gestational age at expulsion, encephaloceles being predominant in earlier specimens, while more typical anencephalus and spina bifida were more common among later abortions. Chromosome abnormalities were found in 40% of abortuses with CNS defects, but were almost entirely confined to those which were still at the embryonic stage of development. 53% of the latter were chromosomally abnormal, which is the same as the proportion found among embryos without a CNS malformation. Using published life-tables of recognized pregnancies it was estimated that the prevalence of anencephalus, spina bifida, or related malformation (other than hydrocephalus), without a chromosome anomaly, is 5.3 per thousand conceptuses at the beginning of the eighth week of gestation. By comparing this with the prevalence in total births, it was further estimated that only 24% of these are born alive, with 54% aborting spontaneously and 22% being stillborn.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1974

Alpha-fetoprotein levels in amniotic fluids from spontaneous abortions.

Alpha-fetoprotein (A.F.P.) levels in the amniotic fluid were determined in 54 cases of spontaneous abortion in which the amniotic sac remained intact. These levels were correlated with the morphological and cytogenetic status of the fetus. Of the 29 fetuses with no apparent abnormality 22 had A.F.P. levels below 50 mug/ml, while 10 of the 11 fetuses with severe neural tube defects had raised levels (50-305 mu/ml). Seventeen fetuses had chromosome anomalies of various types. Three out of four which were 45, X had considerably raised A.F.P. levels (78-210 mug/ml) but fetuses with other chromosome constitutions and no neural tube defects had levels no higher than 32 mug/ml.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1972

Reported influenza in pregnancy and subsequent cancer in the child.

A longitudinal study of 1,959 infants born in the first week of March 1958 to mothers who were reported to have had influenza during pregnancy revealed an incidence of cancer of 4.1 per 1,000 compared with only 0.8 per 1,000 among the 14,791 infants of mothers who had not had influenza.This increase was caused by cases of leukaemia and other neoplasms of lymphatic and haematopoietic tissue (I.C.D. 200-209) (P <0.0001).Data from the reports of the Registrar General for England and Wales were used to estimate the number of infants born in each year from 1955 to 1964 who subsequently died of cancer before 5 years of age. The rates for each year were compared with an estimate of the prevalence of influenza during the preceding winter. After allowing for the overall trend in the cancer death rate, a highly significant correlation was shown with deaths attributed to causes classified as I.C.D. 200-209 (P <0.005), but not with deaths attributed to other cancers. The increase in the risk of developing these neoplasms among children whose mothers had influenza is estimated to be not less than fourfold. Even so the risk remains small (3 to 4 per 1,000).

Child↗