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Biomedical subjects

E D Baretta

Publications and source records attributed to E D Baretta.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Airway response to hair spray in normal subjects and subjects with hyperreactive airways.

Short-term 20-second exposure to hair sprays A and B failed to show significant decreases in maximum expiratory flow rates at low pulmonary volumes in normal subjects; however, significant decreases were observed with hair spray B in eight subjects with hyperractive airways (abnormal response to inhalation of methacholine). On the partial flow-volume curves, flows at 40 percent and 25 percent of forced vital capacity decreased 8.9 to 10.3 percent and 14 to 18.7 percent, respectively. The hair sprays differed in their content of perfume and plasticizer, and since the latter is generally considered nontoxic at room temperature, the perfume may be the responsible agent. It would appear from this study that normal healthy individuals are at little risk, at least from brief exposure to hair spray; however, in the presence of hyperreactive airways, as seen in asthmatic subjects and in some people with allergic rhinitis and viral respiratory infections, an immediate response of the airways may result from exposure to some hair sprays.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1978

Methods developed for the mass sampling analysis of CO and carboxyhemoglobin in man.

Gas chromatography was used to quantitate CO in air and also as an indirect means of determining %COHb in blood. The blood was then used to calibrate four CO-Oximeters used in a survey to determine average COHb levels in various segments of the U.S. population. Mean differences, both between the two methods of analysis and between pairs of CO-Oximeters were less than 0.1% COHb saturation. COHb values obtained on consecutive days using one CO-Oximeter were repeatable within a S.D. +/- 0.13% COHb.

Air↗
PubMed1978

Chemical material handling guides.

A system has been developed for providing information regarding chemicals, their hazards, and safe handling requirements to employees of Johnson Wax. To initiate the development of a Chemical Material Handling Guide, physical, chemical, and toxicological information is acquired on the chemical raw material, intermediate, or finished product. The guide is prepared by members of a "guides" committee each of whom is responsible for completing one or more of its sections. The five major sections deal with identification, hazard ratings, protective equipment requirements, emergency procedures, and storage, handling and disposal requirements for the chemical material.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1978

Physiological response to aerosol propellants.

Acute exposures to isobutane, propane, F-12, and F-11 in concentrations of 250, 500, or 1000 ppm for periods of 1 min to 8 hr did not produce any untoward physiological effects as determined by the methods employed which included serial EKG's and continuous monitoring of modified V5 by telemetry during exposure. Repetitive exposures to these four propellants were also without measurable untoward physiological effect with the exception of the eight male subjects repetitively exposed to 1000 ppm, F-11, who did show minor decrements in several of the cognitive tests. Of particular importance is the observation that none of the subjects showed any decrement in pulmonary function or alteration in cardiac rhythm as the result of exposure to concentrations of the gases or vapors far greater than encountered in the normal use of aerosol products in the home.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Acute and repetitive human exposure to isobutane.

Eight adult volunteers of both sexes were exposed to isobutane in a controlled-environment chamber for the purpose of monitoring their physiological responses to a series of gas concentrations ranging from 250 to 1,000 ppm. First, the response to exposure periods of 1 min, 2 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 8 h were studied. There being no untoward responses to these acute exposures, the eight volunteers were exposed repetitively to isobutane at concentrations of 500 ppm, 1, 2 or 8 h per day, five days per week for two weeks. Then exposures to two mixtures of isobutane and propane for 1, 2 or 8 h per day for two days were studied. During the investigation all subjects were kept under comprehensive medical surveillance. No untoward subjective responses or abnormal physiological responses occurred during or following these exposures. Special emphasis was placed on evaluating the cardiac and pulmonary response to these exposures through the use of continuous ECG telemetry and serial computerized spirometric measurements. The following serial laboratory studies were unaltered by the exposures: complete blood count, urinalysis, serum alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, LDH, serum bilirubin, blood sugar, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, BUN, spontaneous electroencephalogram, visual evoked response, a battery of cognitive tests, and an ACTH stimulation test.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1973

Carboxyhemoglobin concentrations in blood from donors in Chicago, Milwaukee, New York, and Los Angeles.

To determine the carbon monoxide exposure experienced by the residents of Chicago, Los Angeles, Milwaukee, and New York, venous blood samples were obtained from adults at arbitrarily chosen blood bank collection sites in the four cities and analyzed for circulating carbon monoxide, carboxyhemoglobin. For comparative purposes, blood was obtained from volunteers breathing carbon monoxide-free air and was found to contain 0.45 percent carboxyhemoglobin. By contrast a high percentage of all the nonsmoking blood donors breathing city air had carboxyhemoglobin saturations greater than 1.5 percent, which indicated that exposure to carbon monoxide in excess of that permitted by the quality standards of the Clean Air Act of 1971 was widespread and occurring regularly.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1972

Carboxyhemoglobin elevation after exposure to dichloromethane.

Inhalation of dichloromethane vapor in concentrations of 500 to 1000 parts per million for 1 to 2 hours promptly initiated the formation of significant quantities of carbon monoxide in human subjects. The evidence suggests that carbon monoxide may be a metabolite of dichloromethane and, that exposure to concentrations of dichloromethane below the industrial threshold limit values may result in the formation of carbon monoxide in amounts that exceed the allowable limits.

Adult↗