PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E D Colby

Publications and source records attributed to E D Colby.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Use of a mesh for musculoaponeurotic defects of the abdominal wall in cancer surgery and the risk of bowel fistulas.

BACKGROUND: Enterocutaneous fistulas resulting from mesh reconstruction of full-thickness musculoaponeurotic abdominal defects in benign conditions is a relatively infrequent, but serious complication. STUDY DESIGN: In the period 1977 to 1986, 26 patients with abdominal wall defects due to ablative surgery for carcinoma had repair with prosthetic material without any special effort to interpose tissue between bowel loops and the mesh. In the period 1986 to 1992, 30 patients with similar defects had tissue interposition between the bowel loops and the mesh (four patients had a free peritoneal patch). In an experimental study, 11 rabbits had an abdominal wall defect repaired with mesh alone, and 14 other rabbits had the abdominal wall defect repaired with the mesh plus a free peritoneal patch sutured underneath. RESULTS: In the first group of patients, six (23 percent) of 26 had enterocutaneous fistulas develop, in the second group zero (zero percent) of 30 had a fistula develop (p = 0.007). In the experimental study, the first group (ten of 11 rabbits) had dense adhesions develop between bowel loops and the mesh. In the second group, none of the 14 rabbits had adhesions develop (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In full-thickness abdominal wall defects, omentum, muscle flap, or a peritoneal patch sewn under a mesh prevent fistula formation.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1991

Histopathologic features, environmental factors, and serum estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin values associated with ovarian phase and inflammatory uterine disease in cats.

Forty-four female American Shorthair cats with inflammatory uterine disease or infertility were evaluated. Data collected included age, month of diagnosis, housing, reproductive history, results of bacteriologic culture of uterine specimens, serum concentrations of estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin and histopathologic features of the ovaries and uterus. Histologically, the ovaries of 19 cats were dominated by active or cystic follicles, whereas 25 cats had luteal-phase ovaries. Of the 25 cats with active corpora lutea, 20 had either recently weaned litters (n = 11) without subsequent exposure to a male cat, or had been housed individually for lengthy periods (n = 9). The finding of active corpora lutea under these circumstances indicates that in queens, ovulation may occur by mechanisms not involving coitus. Prominent, active corpora lutea on the ovaries were associated with adenomatotic proliferative changes in the superficial and glandular epithelium of the uterus and with myometrial hyperplasia, compared with the uterus of cats with follicular ovaries (P less than 0.01). Serum progesterone concentration greater than or equal to 1.87 ng/ml was consistently associated with luteal-phase ovaries. Serum progesterone values less than or equal to 0.15 ng/ml were consistently associated with follicular-phase ovaries. Escherichia coli was the organism most commonly isolated from uterine contents.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Reconstruction of orbital wall fenestrations with polyglactin 910 film.

Medial orbital wall fenestrations were created bilaterally in 16 adult cats. The fenestrations were reconstructed with polyglactin 910 film, Dacron-reinforced silicone sheeting, or no implant. Polyglactin 910 was found to be well tolerated in this traumatized area of paranasal sinus bone and soft tissue and was totally absorbed in 4 months. Dacron-reinforced silicone sheeting induced a long-standing acute inflammatory reaction in a similar milieu. Partial osseus replacement of the orbital fenestrations occurred in all animals, but it was accompanied by distortion and erosion in apposition to the silicone sheeting. The study does not answer the question of whether orbital contour will be maintained on a long-term basis adjacent to a pneumatized sinus following reconstruction with a bioabsorbable implant.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Emetic action of xylazine on the chemoreceptor trigger zone for vomiting in cats.

Xylazine is an effective sedative analgesic that induces vomiting in the cat. A consistently effective intramuscular emetic dose of xylazine was established in normal cats in this laboratory. Animals in which the area postrema of the medulla oblongata had been chronically destroyed did not exhibit emesis in response to the standard test dose of xylazine but continued to show sedation. By contrast, sham-operated cats responded normally. Refractoriness to deslanoside, a known specific emetic drug, was used as functional proof for successful ablation of area postrema, and the lesions were also validated histologically. We conclude that xylazine exerts its emetic action on the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema. It is suggested that this action may be mediated by an opiate type of molecular receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Validation of radioimmunoassay for triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and hydrocortisone (cortisol) in canine, feline, and equine sera.

Radioimmunoassay kits were validated for triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and hydrocortisone (cortisol) in canine, feline, and equine sera. In each assay, serial dilutions of serum inhibited binding of radioiodinated hormone to the antibody in a manner parallel to inhibition by standard solutions. Parallel inhibition curves indicated that the same substance of standard solutions and serum inhibited binding and that the assays were specific. Further examination of specificity indicated that the antibodies minimally cross-reacted with other compounds structurally similar to T3, T4, and hydrocortisone. A 3rd test for specificity was to show that concentrations of the hormones, as determined by the radioimmunoassays, were consistent with what is known about the hormones' physiologic features. Accuracy was demonstrated by showing that essentially 100% of T3, T4, and hydrocortisone added to samples of serum was measured by the respective assays. Interassay coefficients of variation used to measure precision on 5 quality control specimens ranged from 8.5% to 14.0% for T3, 4.0% to 16.4% for T4, and 10.2% to 16.5% for hydrocortisone. Intra-assay coefficients of variation for all assays ranged from 4.2% to 12.8%. The smallest amounts of T3, T4, and hydrocortisone (sensitivity) that could be precisely quantified were 0.14 ng/ml, 0.17 microgram/dl, and 0.66 microgram/dl, respectively. Reagents and data concerning assay validity should always be described or cited so that the reliability of the radioimmunoassays used can be evaluated.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of xylazine and ketamine on blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate in rabbits.

New Zealand white and New Zeland white-Dutch Belted cross rabbits of both sexes were anesthetized using xylazine and ketamine alone and in combination while blood pressure, heart and respiratory rates were monitored. Blood pressure effects were measured from the aortic arch by a cannula implant through the left carotid artery. Ketamine-xylazine in combination at 35 and 5 mg/kg body weight, respectively, produced 45-60 minutes of surgical plane anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced in approximately 10 minutes. The average initial blood pressure drop was complete in 10 minutes and was 30%. Heart and respiratory rates dropped 19% and 77%, respectively, in the same time span. An additional blood pressure drop of 6-7% occurred as consciousness was regained. Blood pressure recovery was nearly complete (normal) about 6 hours following injection of the drug combination.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1977

Retinal neoplasia and dysplasia. I. Induction by feline leukemia virus.

Feline leukemia virus, a naturally occurring C-type virus (oncorna virus), was injected systemically and intraocularly into fetal and newborn kittens. A light microscopy study of the resultant ocular tumor changes was carried out. One animal developed an intraocular tumor of apparent retinal origin. Eight animals showed intraocular neoplastic cell infiltration. The most common ocular change observed was retinal dysplasia. Sequential histologic examination of enucleated eyes showed diffuse intraocular inflammation after viral inoculation. In the developing retinas progressive disorganization and necrosis were documented, with subsequent reorganization into cell clumps and dysplastic rosette structures. The retinal pigment epithelium showed proliferation and intraretinal migration. The mature retina exhibited full-thickness folds and tubes associated with infoldings of the retinal pigment epithelium.

Animals↗