PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E D Ross

Publications and source records attributed to E D Ross.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Position and vibration sensations: functions of the dorsal spinocerebellar tracts?

Clinical evidence is presented which establishes for the first time that position and vibration sensations may be carried in the dorsal spinocerebellar tracts. We present a patient who incurred a spinal cord infarction eight months prior to death that caused a Brown-Séquard syndrome with loss of position and vibration senses in the right lower extremity. The infarction spared the right fasciculus gracilis and thus supports the recent observations in human beings (and animals) that conscious proprioception is not a function of the dorsal columns. The vibratory and position losses were best correlated with the portion of the lesion involving the right dorsal spinocerebellar tract. Arguments are furnished based on physiological experiments in animals that conscious proprioception may be carried by Morin's spinocervicothalamic pathway, which forms part of the dorsal spinocerebellar tract in the spinal cord.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed1978

Characterization of potential indoor sources of ozone.

Ozone emission factors were developed for domestic electrostatic air cleaners and photocopying machines. The air cleaners had emission rates from 0-546 microgram/min. These rates will ordinarily not produce air concentrations which are greater than 60 microgram/m3 (0.030 ppm) above background. The emission rate for photocopying machines varied from 48-158 microgram/copy. In small, poorly ventilated rooms these emission rates were sufficient to produce incremental steady state ozone concentrations up to 396 microgram/m3 (0.202 ppm). Recent copying machine maintenance was found to reduce ozone production to less than the detectable level, 4 microgram/m3 (0.002 ppm).

Air↗
PubMed1976

The significance of the Babinski sign in the newborn-a reappraisal.

A study of the clinical significance and the stimulus methods used to elicit the Babinski sign in normal newborns has been carried out. Although the most frequent response to cutaneous nociceptive stimulation of the lateral sole in neonates was extension of the great toe, a small but significant number of flexor responses were obtained. Consequently, the Babinski sign has limited clinical usefulness as a reflex indicating the presence or absence of neurological disease in the newborn. In reviewing previous studies in the literature, it was apparent that the widely differing percentages of extensor plantars reported in newborns was related directly to differences in the technique of examination.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Muscial hallucinations in deafness.

Formed auditory hallucinations associated with acquired deafness have seldom been reported in the English literature. In the past year we have had the unusual opportunity of examining two deaf patients whose complaint when first seen was that of hearing music.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

SPECT study of regional cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer disease.

A common cause of dementia in late midlife and old age is Alzheimer disease (AD), which affects more than one in 20 individuals over the age of 65. Past studies of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with AD here suggested blood flow abnormalities, but findings have differed. We have studied 37 patients diagnosed as having AD with inhalation and washout of 133Xe and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), obtaining evidence of abnormal rCBF patterns in 19. Flow reductions were most common in the temporoparietal regions and were occasionally found in the frontal areas. Investigators using positron-emission tomography (PET) have identified similar findings with respect to rCBF and regional oxygen, glucose, and protein metabolism. The SPECT determination of rCBF, which gives information similar to that provided by PET, may assume importance in the diagnosis of AD and in the differential diagnosis of the dementias.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemispheric differences in recognizing upper and lower facial displays of emotion.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if there are hemispheric differences in processing upper versus lower facial displays of emotion. BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that there are two broad classes of emotions with differential hemispheric lateralization. Primary emotions (e.g. anger, fear) and associated displays are innate, are recognized across all cultures, and are thought to be modulated by the right hemisphere. Social emotions (e.g., guilt, jealousy) and associated "display rules" are learned during early child development, vary across cultures, and are thought to be modulated by the left hemisphere. Display rules are used by persons to alter, suppress or enhance primary emotional displays for social purposes. During deceitful behaviors, a subject's true emotional state is often leaked through upper rather than lower facial displays, giving rise to facial blends of emotion. We hypothesized that upper facial displays are processed preferentially by the right hemisphere, as part of the primary emotional system, while lower facial displays are processed preferentially by the left hemisphere, as part of the social emotional system. METHOD: 30 strongly right-handed adult volunteers were tested tachistoscopically by randomly flashing facial displays of emotion to the right and left visual fields. The stimuli were line drawings of facial blends with different emotions displayed on the upper versus lower face. The subjects were tested under two conditions: 1) without instructions and 2) with instructions to attend to the upper face. RESULTS: Without instructions, the subjects robustly identified the emotion displayed on the lower face, regardless of visual field presentation. With instructions to attend to the upper face, for the left visual field they robustly identified the emotion displayed on the upper face. For the right visual field, they continued to identify the emotion displayed on the lower face, but to a lesser degree. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the hypothesis that hemispheric differences exist in the ability to process upper versus lower facial displays of emotion. Attention appears to enhance the ability to explore these hemispheric differences under experimental conditions. Our data also support the recent observation that the right hemisphere has a greater ability to recognize deceitful behaviors compared with the left hemisphere. This may be attributable to the different roles the hemispheres play in modulating social versus primary emotions and related behaviors.

Adult↗