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Biomedical subjects

E Diamond

Publications and source records attributed to E Diamond.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Lysis of postoperative pelvic adhesions in infertility.

Ovum pickup, sperm transport, and zygote transfer depend on unrestricted contractile, ciliary, and peristaltic mechanisms in the uterine tube and ovary. When adhesions hobble these mechanisms, infertility results. Traditional surgical correction may invite new adhesions thru trauma, disruption of blood supply, and inflammatory reactions from foreign materials. Microsurgery with electrosurgery reduced such surgical sequelae and doubled the term pregnancy rate.

Electrosurgery↗
PubMed1977

Microsurgical reconstruction of the uterin tube in sterilized patients.

Increasing requests for reversal of sterilization prompt a re-evaluation of guidelines for sterilization and for methods of reconstruction. The method of nonmicroscopic (gross) reconstruction is examined, and its frequent failures are felt to be in consequence of surgically induced distortion and damage to physiologic function. Microsurgery minimizes these failings and results in a doubled pregnancy rate. Microsurgical procedures are described and illustrated, and criteria are given for selection of candidates.

Fallopian Tubes↗
PubMed1977

Folic acid nonresponsive homocystinuria due to methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency.

Four siblings from a family with 11 children of Irish ancestry were observed to suffer from an essentially identical clinical illness, consisting of delayed psychomotor development in infancy and childhood, severe mental retardation, and upper motor neuron dysfunction. Death occurred at an early age in three siblings. In cases in which detailed physical examinations were performed, ectopia lentis, marfanoid features, and severe bony deformities were absent. Homocystinuria, homocystinemia, relatively normal concentrations of methionine and cystine in tissue fluids, and absence of methylmalonic aciduria were found. A deficiency of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase was demonstrated in cultured skin fibroblasts from two siblings. Postmortem examination of two of the three patients who died showed extensive vascular thrombosis. No biochemical improvement was observed in the surviving child following treatment with large doses of folic acid.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of infusion of bile salts into the mesenteric artery in situ on jejunal mucosal transport function in dogs.

We studied the effects of increased circulating levels of bile salts on jejunal mucosal function in dogs. In situ luminal perfusion of a 30-cm proximal jejunal segment was performed while deoxycholate, cholate, taurodeoxycholate, or taurocholate solutions were directly added to the mesenteric arterial supply, reaching the intestinal wall at successive concentrations of 5, 8, 12, and 22 mumol/L. The transport rates of water, sodium, glucose, fructose, glycine, and lysine were measured. The mucosa of the experimental loop was assayed for ATPase activity, and examined by light and electron microscopy. Deoxycholate at 8 microM in the blood supply of the perfused jejunal segment was associated with a significant (p less than 0.02) reduction in the absorption rates of water, sodium, glucose, and glycine, and inhibition of mucosal Na+, K+-ATPase. The absorption of fructose and lysine, and brush border enzyme activities, were not affected. Cholate had a similar effect at 12 microM. There were no obvious histological alterations, but electron microscopy showed swelling of mitochondria in the enterocytes. The reduction in mucosal transport, the inhibition of mucosal Na+, K+-ATPase, and the mitochondrial swelling were reversed after discontinuation of the bile salt infusion. The taurine conjugates at 22 microM depressed transport of water and sodium only, and did not inhibit Na+, K+-ATPase. Our study indicates that increased circulating concentrations of unconjugated bile salts, particularly deoxycholate, may impair Na+, K+-ATPase-related jejunal mucosal function.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tissue-specific expression of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene in the intestine of transgenic mice exposed to DMH and p53 antibodies.

We studied the tissue-specific expression of the p53 gene in different parts of the intestine of mice treated with low doses of a carcinogen and exposed to different p53 antibodies. The human p53 promoter-CAT transgenic mice were immunized with different p53 antibodies (monoclonal - PAb 421 and DO1, and polyclonal - H-p53 and anti-soluble p53 IgG) and then exposed to low doses of dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Enzymatic CAT activity was determined in the ileum and colon 8 weeks later after the final injection of DMH. Expression of the p53 transgene in the normal ileum was twice as high as in the colon. Treatment with DMH significantly decreased the expression of the p53 transgene both in the ileum (from 18% to 100%) and in the colon (from 10% to 52%). Vaccination of mice protected at least in part such a decrease. The most effective results were found after exposure of mice to polyclonal H-p53 and to a lesser extent to anti-p53 IgG. No difference was found in the effects of antibodies on the small and large intestines. We concluded that polyclonal antibodies were more effective than monoclonal ones in protection against anti-p53 action of DMH. The observation of these effects may make it possible to explain the higher antitumor activity of polyclonal antibodies.

Animals↗