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Biomedical subjects

E Dienstl

Publications and source records attributed to E Dienstl.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Age and sex differences of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and cortisol (CRT) plasma levels in normal controls and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

In 50 healthy subjects (23 female, 27 male, aged 18-81) and 24 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (11 female, 13 male, aged 58-88) DHEAS and CRT plasma levels were studied. In normal subjects there was a clear negative correlation of DHEAS to age, while no significant age correlated decrease of CRT plasma levels was found. There was a significant decrease in the DHEAS/CRT ratio in elderly controls (aged > 60) as compared to young individuals (aged < 45). Overall there was a trend to lower DHEAS/CRT ratios in AD patients compared to age matched controls out of the total group of normals (P < 0.1), there was a significant decrease of this ratio in female AD patients (P < 0.05), compared to age matched female controls, but there was none in male Alzheimers; furthermore there was a significant difference in CRT plasma levels between female AD patients and age matched female controls (P < 0.01) and between female and male AD patients (P < 0.05). Considering the antiglucocorticoid effects of DHEAS, this ratio may account for its protective effect against hippocampal degeneration caused by glucocorticoids and possibly for the higher rate of AD in females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Indications for immunoscintigraphy in orthopedics and its interpretation].

In the view of an orthopedist the immunscintigraphy is a diagnostic and differential diagnostic enrichment. The MAK BW 250/183 is stored in a lyophiled shape. The MAK is marked with 99m Tc with little expense and in a short time. The advantage of the immunscintigraphy is the high sensitivity for places where granulocytes are gathered. The immunscintigraphy proved to be a very good proceed in recording acute inflammations.

Abscess↗
PubMed1990

Prophylaxis of thromboembolism in general surgery: comparison between standard heparin and Fragmin.

In a double blind randomized trial on 250 patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery the effect of Fragmin was compared with heparin. Patients over 40 years of age except appendectomy and herniotomy were included. The dose of heparin was 5,000 IU b.i.d. whilst Fragmin was given in a dose of 2,500 U once per day and the second injection was a placebo. Prophylaxis started 2 h preoperatively and was maintained for 7 days. The fibrinogen uptake test was used as a screening method for thrombosis which was confirmed by phlebography. 124 patients were in the heparin group and 126 in the Fragmin group. Comparability between groups was found in: age, sex, Broca index, amount and type of risk factors, type of surgery. Thromboembolism was found in 10 cases in each group. Blood transfusions on the postoperative days 1 to 6 were required in 2 Fragmin and in 12 heparin patients. The total amount of blood given during that time was 6 units in the Fragmin and 37 units in the heparin group. These differences were significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Kinetics and immunocytochemical staining of 99mTc-labeled monoclonal anti-CEA antibodies against granulocytes following intravenous administration].

Until now the clinical identification of the affinity of monoclonal 99mTc-anti-CEA antibodies (MAK BW 250/183) on granulocytes was made with tumor cells carrying the same epitope on NCA-95 and human granulocytes in vitro. As this antibody only binds human granulocytes, animal experiments are impossible. 3 patients had their blood withdrawn within 6 h after injection, another patient had his left hip-joint biopsied after 24 h, the samples undergoing subsequent immunocytochemical dyeing. Dyeing of granulocytes all over the smears was evident whereas lymphocytes, monocytes and erythrocytes did not show any reaction. After 6 h there seemed to be a large difference between a relatively high quantity of 86% unlabelled 99mTc-MAb and 75% of immunocytochemically stainable granulocytes in the blood through an excess of binding epitopes. Six h after injection 27% of the activity were, on average, detectable in whole blood. At this time the activity in blood was reduced to an extent that scintigraphic imaging was feasible.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Isotope studies in the diagnosis of venous thromboses and lung embolism].

Early diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism is still a clinical problem and led to the development of non invasive diagnostic methods using radioactive tracers. There are 2 principles of procedures. One is diagnosing deep venous thrombosis with the 125 (131) iodine-fibrinogen uptake-test. The use of 125 (131) J fibrinogen, its advantages and disadvantages are described. Others are imaging techniques developed as an alternative to ascending contrast venography still considered as the "golden standard", using 99m Tc labelled microspheres of human serum-albumin or Tc 99m labelled red blood cells (blood pool imaging). In spite of certain discrepancies a good correlation of 90% exists, between the imaging methods mentioned. Several authors reported a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 85% as compared with Doppler-ultrasound Investigations of lower extremities. A great advantage of radionuclidvenography is the possible combination with lung-perfusion scanning for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Lung-perfusion- and ventilation-studies are still the only non invasive method to diagnose pulmonary embolism. Sensitivity of this method is very high, specificity improves with taking in account predisposing factors of developed deep vein thrombosis. Indium 111 or 99m Tc labelled monoclonal antifibrinantibodies are developed recently: an imaging agent suitable for evaluation of both pelvic and lower extremity vein thrombosis. First promising results were published last year and it seems, that this reliable imaging agent for clots and thrombo-embolic diseases will fill this diagnostic need in the future.

Fibrinogen↗
PubMed1988

[Transient extra-osseous increase of isotope activity in the bone scintigram in acetolyt-induced hypercalcemia].

A 66 year-old man with chronic renal failure developed hypercalcaemia during acetolyte medication. A technetium-99m phosphate bone scan at this time showed extraosseous isotope uptake in the stomach, which disappeared 2 weeks later after normalisation of the serum calcium level. This phenomenon can be interpreted as transient metatastic calcification during hypercalcaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Percutaneous pulmonary valvuloplasty in adults].

Percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty was performed in 6 adult patients (aged 21-59 years, mean age: 43 years) with congenital pulmonary valve stenosis and systolic pressure gradients of 50 to 120 mm Hg (mean: 78 mm Hg). In 5 patients the procedure was successful: mean systolic right ventricular pressure was reduced from 99 +/- 26 to 55 +/- 7 mm Hg and the trans-stenotic pressure gradient from 77 +/- 28 to 31 +/- 12 mm Hg. Valvuloplasty with a 20 mm balloon was not effective in a patient with a wide pulmonary anulus (diameter 25 mm). In 1 patient only, the balloon occlusion led to severe systemic hypotension with syncope. Short-term follow-up (3 months) demonstrated symptomatic improvement and persistent reduction of the pressure gradient in all successfully treated patients. In conclusion, percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty appears to be an effective method with low risk of complications for the treatment of pulmonary valve stenosis in adults.

Adult↗