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Biomedical subjects

E Donauer

Publications and source records attributed to E Donauer.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Structural alterations in the spinal cord during progressive communicating syringomyelia. An experimental study in the cat.

A hydrocephalic-hydromyelic condition was induced in adult cats by causing the closure of the lateral apertures with intracisternal injections of kaolin. After displaying the symptoms characteristic of increased intracranial pressure, which lasted about 10-14 days but varied somewhat in intensity from animal to animal, the cats recovered. From approximately the 2nd post-operative week onward, a distended central canal was revealed by ventriculography; subsequently cavities developed in the tissue of the cord that communicated with the canal. Most cavities were located dorsal to the canal. The surfaces of the distended canal and the cavities showed that in ventral areas the ependyma streched but remained intact, whereas in dorsal areas it ruptured, exposing the nerve fibers to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In cats which had been hydrocephalic for up to 2 years the walls of the cavities were covered by gliotic scar tissue; the nerve fibers were no longer exposed directly to the CSF.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Intrathecal administration of netilmicin in gentamicin-resistant ventriculitis.

In ventriculitis caused by Gentamicin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis, Netilmicin was administered intrathecally to 19 patients under continuous control of the Netilmicin concentration in cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF). This therapy was able to bring these otherwise lethal infections under control, usually within 10 days. Pharmacokinetic studies with different doses have shown that doses of 2 X 3 mg are to be recommended in moderately severe cases of ventriculitis, and in most severe infections 3 X 3 mg daily intraventricularly for adults. In infants daily intraventricular injections of 2 X 0.4-0.5 mg Netilmicin are a sufficient dose to produce an effective antibiotic concentration level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effects of high-frequency jet ventilation on intracranial pressure in experimental head-brain injury.

Based on experimental studies, ventilation with small volumes of gas and rates of up to 100-400/minute, high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV), seems to present a true alternative to conventional intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), especially in patients with multiple organ damage. In order to determine the effects of high-frequency jet ventilation on intracranial pressure, we examined the effects of the HFJV in comparison to conventional ventilation in experimental balloon brain trauma. Ten young pigs were studied using continuous invasive hemodynamic, pulmonary, and intracranial pressure monitoring. There was no increase in brain pressure over normal ventilation. As a matter of fact, there was a temporary decrease of the intracranial pressure by about 5 mmHg, which returned to the initial pre-HFJV value after 5 minutes. In contrast to conventional ventilation, HFJV allows for tracheobronchial suctioning and interruption of ventilation without any noticeable increase of ICP.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cavum vergae cyst as a cause of hydrocephalus, "almost forgotten"? Successful stereotactic treatment.

Cavum vergae cysts (CVC) are cerebral midline malformations, which usually have no clinical manifestations. In rare cases, however, non-communicating cysts can cause hydrocephalus by obstruction of the aqueduct. Initially, from 1930 to 1960 operative treatment consisted in open cysto-ventriculostomy, i.e. establishing a communication between CVC and the ventricles, via a transventricular approach. In the era of CT, symptomatic treatment of the hydrocephalus by ventriculo-atrial or ventriculo-peritoneal shunts is preferred. All the wellknown complications of shunting are encountered. Based on the experience of our cases of CVC with clinical manifestations, we here propose a definitive causal treatment which can be achieved by draining the cyst contents into the ventricles via a stereotactically introduced catheter.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Colloid cysts of the third ventricle. Open operative approach or stereotactic aspiration?

Colloid cysts of the third ventricle can cause hydrocephalus if they grow to the point where they occlude the foramina interventricularia. The operative approach via a craniotomy used to be the common method of treating these lesions. Now, in the era of CT- and MR-scanning, stereotactic aspiration should be preferred as an ideal method of simultaneously diagnosing and treating colloid cysts. Unlike open surgery, aspiration of colloid masses poses hardly any risk for the patient. Ten cases successfully treated by this technique are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Radiologic studies of cerebrospinal fluid pathways in experimental hydrocephalus-hydrosyringomyelia.

The progress of experimental hydrocephalus-hydromyelia in cats is analyzed in the present study. The animals were rendered hydrocephalic by intracisternal injections of kaolin or by operatively occluding the lateral apertures. Changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces were monitored by ventriculography or computed tomography. The progress of hydrocephalus in both groups can be divided into two stages: 1) A phase of raised intracranial pressure precedes the dilatation of the central canal, and 2) a progressive phase follows the dilatation of the central canal. The canal acts as a kind of natural bypass between the ventricles and the subarachnoid spaces. Although the spontaneous shunt, the central canal, becomes dilated and pressures drop to near normal values, the disease is apparently not brought to a complete halt. Our observations suggest that the disturbance in CSF flow dynamics is an important factor causing hydrocephalus to remain progressive.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Experimental hydrocephalus and hydrosyringomyelia in the cat. Radiological findings.

Fourty-six cats were made hydrocephalic and hydromyelic by means of an intracisternal kaolin injection. In 17 other cats hydrocephalus and syringohydromyelia were achieved by operative occlusion of the foramina Luschkae of the fourth ventricle. In both the kaolin treated animals and the animals whose outlets of the fourth ventricles were operatively obstructed a progressive dilatation of the ventricles and central canal occurred, which could be demonstrated and followed in 30 animals by ventriculography, myelography and/or contrast filling of the hydromyelic central canal. Coinciding with the dilatation of the central canal the clinical picture of a raised intracranial pressure due to obstructive hydrocephalus improved. The presented results suggest that the dilated central canal acts as a kind of natural by-pass between the ventricles and the spinal subarachnoid space. In order to determine the role of spinal kaolin arachnoiditis on spinal cyst formation and central canal dilatation in 13 animals, kaolin was locally applied in the lower thoracic region. The local spinal kaolin arachnoiditis had no influence on central canal dilatation or cyst formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The ependyma of the cat central canal, with particular reference to its mitochondria-containing bulbs.

The ultrastructure of the ependyma in the central canal of adult cats was examined in both the scanning and the transmission electron microscopes (SEM and TEM). The same morphological details were seen in the ependyma of the central canal as have so frequently been described in the ependyma of the brain ventricular system, for example bundles of cilia, single cilia, microvilli and occasional small cytoplasmic protrusions. The supraependymal cells and supraependymal nerve fibers found in the central canal also resembled those seen in the ventricular system. The most striking feature of the canal ependyma were the large, spherical bodies containing numerous mitochondria. They are therefore called mitochondria-containing bulbs. In sections the bulbs were seen to be connected by long, slender stalks to neurons in subependymal position. In some respects the mitochondria-containing bulbs resemble the processes of cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Morphological changes in the central canal of the cat after kaolin injection into the cisterna magna].

40 adult cats were made hydrocephalic by intracisternal injection of 200 mg Kaolin. 34 survived between 24 hours to 4 months. In 19 cases a ventriculostomy was carried out, whereby in 13 animals a contrast filling of the central canal occurred. The contrast medium injected into the ventricles entered the external CSF-space in the lumbo-sacral junction of the filum terminale. Light- and electron-microscopic studies showed adaptive structural changes of the central canal epithelium in the early stages. In later stages massive destructions of ependyma and spinal cord parenchyma were found.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Symptomatic Langerhans-cell-histiocytosis of the cervical spine in a child: case report].

We report on a six year old female presented with a painful torticollis and a hemidysaesthesia caused by destruction of the third cervical vertebra and a paravertebral soft-tissue mass. At diagnostic routine finally a biopsy gives the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. In a second open approach the destructed vertebral body was replaced by a precisely adjusted autologous bone interponate and the patient was maintained in halo vest immobilisation. The outcome is described and an overview of the current literature is given.

Biopsy↗