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E Drouhet

Publications and source records attributed to E Drouhet.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Mycotic lingual granuloma. The pseudotumoral form].

Lingual candidiasis is a condition arising from a multiple of causes, some of which are well known (thrush, etc...). Two cases of chronic lingual mycotic granuloma are presented, one of which was due to a candida, the diagnosis being confirmed by pathological examination and electrosyneresis. The course of this granuloma leads to the appearance of a true epidermoid carcinoma, as illustrated by the description of other cases that have been reported. Current therapy for the granuloma itself mainly depends on the employ of ketoconazole, but the unfavorable course of the affection raises the question of the need for associated surgery.

Candidiasis↗
PubMed1982

[Antifungal agents in otorhinolaryngology].

Numerous progresses are realized in the chemotherapy of mycoses, particularly in the field of deep mycoses due to 3 categories of systemic antifungal agents: polyenes (oral nystatin, oral and intravenous amphotericin B), 5-fluorocytosine (oral and intravenous) and imidazole derivatives (oral and intravenous miconazole, oral ketoconazole). The old drugs as nystatin and amphotericin B per os continue to have a remarkable effect in oro-pharyngeal candidosis, chiefly after sufficient local contact with the mucos membranes; topical preparation are effective in fungal O.R.L. localizations (aspergillar or candidal otomycoses, glossitis). IV amphotericin B is indicated in naso-orbital-cerebral mucor mycosis, nasosinusal aspergillosis, candidosis, entomophthoromycoses and particularly systemic mycoses (histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis) in spite of severe toxicity. 5-fluorocytosine (100-200 mg/kg) has a limited spectrum to Candida, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus infections if the strains are sensitive to this agent (5% primary resistance). Among the new imidazole derivatives, ketoconazole (400 mg/day) represent a revolutionary antifungal agent due to a very large antifungal spectrum, absence of toxicity, rapid diffusion by oral way, and high therapeutic efficiency in candidosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, rhino-entomophthoromycosis... Oral miconazole has a poor diffusion into the tissues and by intravenous way necessitates several injections daily to obtain therapeutic levels. Numerous imidazole derivatives (econazole, miconazole, clotrimazole etc...) can be successfully utilized by topical application, as well as numerous other local antifungal agents.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1981

Cellular inflammatory response to fungal antigen studied with the skin window technique--correlation of the exudate with the evolution of the mycotic infection.

The skin window technique, using a coverslip, was applied to study the inflammatory exudate induced by killed pathogenic yeasts in patients with mycotic infections. The presence of eosinophils in the specific exudate after 3 hours seems to indicate specific IgE fixed in the tissues. This was demonstrated by the correlation of this specific eosinophilia with the eosinophilia induced by an anti-IgE serum and with the positive immediate intradermal reactions and by the correlation with serum-specific IgE detected with an immunoenzymatic technique. Increased eosinophilia is related to the active phase of the disease. The eosinophilia in the specific exudate seems to be more reliable than an in vitro technique for the detection of the specific IgE against fungal antigen. In this material, the eosinophilia demonstrated that yeast-specific IgE may be responsible for both immediate and delayed intradermal reactions.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed1981

[Fungal osteoarthritis].

Two large groups of bone and joint mycoses should be recognised: fungal osteoarthritis due to blood spread and osteoarthritis due to traumatic inoculation. The authors report data in the literature and the experience of the Mycology unit of the Pasteur Institute. In the first group, one may recognise a category of cosmopolitan, opportunist fungi (Candida, cryptococcus) becoming grafted on a background of iatrogenic factors, in particular, Candida albicans arthritis of the newborn (2 new cases have been added to 12 already described in the literature) and osteoarthritis (17 cases) and candida spondylodiscitis (1 recent case out of 8 described in the literature). Out of 39 cases of cryptococcosis at various levels, in 7 cases we observed bony localisations in recent years. Another category consisted of mycoses due to dimorphic exotic fungi in the first place, african histoplasmosis due to H. Duboisii (73 cases of osteitis out of 179). The group of osteoarthritis by traumatic inoculation consists mainly of fungal mycetomas and actinomycoses, occasionally sporotrichosis; recently we have observed for the first time in the literature an arthritis due to a black fungus similar to Beauveria sp. The immunological reactions (immunoelectrophoresis) may be useful for the diagnosis and assessment of the efficacy of treatment. Present treatment is based on the routine use of antifungal agents: e.g. amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, imidazole derivatives (Ketoconazole) according to the sensitivity of the fungi.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Experimental dermatitis caused by Pityrosporum ovale and (or) Pityrosporum orbiculare in the guinea pig and the mouse].

An experimental dermatitis was established for the guinea pig and Swiss white mouse by topical application of cultures of Pityrosporum ovale, isolated from pityriasis capitis and from P. arbiculare isolated from pityriasis versicolor. Histology showed the development of the yeasts in the stratum corneum, with hyperkeratosis at the follicular ostium and in the pilous bulb: the clinical and histological appearances resembled human seborrheic dermatitis. The nude (nu/nu) mouse, the hair-less mouse and the nude rat were not susceptible to this experimental infection, probably because of the dystrophy of their pilous follicles and sebaceous glands. The experimental model permitted evaluation of antifungal agents. The Pityrosporum dermatitis disappeared rapidly after topical application of econazole or amphotericin B. No pathological differences were observed between the strains tested.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

In vitro synergy and antagonism of antifungal agents against yeast-like fungi.

Some antifungal agents have been tested qualitatively in various associations against species of Candida, Cryptococcus and Torulopsis. The method used was the channel test and the results are confirmed by comparison with the serial dilution test in agar. The antagonism in vitro with the combination of amphotericin B imidazole suggests that caution must be exercised before prescribing the antifungal drugs in combination for man. The frequent synergy of flucytosine with econazole is, however, encouraging because of the low toxicity of the 2 drugs. Under the limited conditions described, the combination of flucytosine and amphotericin B was not found synergistic but additive on the strains of C. albicans used in this study. This combination was found synergistic for a strain of C. parapsilosis and is useful for avoiding resistance to flucytosine.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Observation of a pulmonary histoplasmosis with Histoplasma capsulatum (author's transl)].

From an observation of pulmonary histoplasmosis with Histoplasma capsulatum in a Haiti woman living in France for 2 years, the authors recall the mycological and epidemiological data of this fungus as well as the main clinical radiological and biological signs of the disease. Because of its tendancy to dissemination, histoplasmosis can have a bad prognosis. It is difficult to diagnose in our countries and facing a chronic pulmonary form, a diagnosis of tuberculosis is often thought of. But its possibility is to be envisaged in case of a journey in countries of endemia, and the disease should be confirmed by: -- several samplings to trace the fungus, bringing the mycological prove of the disease; -- serum uses; -- modalities and difficulties of the treatment by Amphotericin B are also recalled.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Cutaneous, subcutaneous, and lymph node cryptoccosis in a patient with sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

An Algerien patient aged 31 years with a histologically confirmed mediastinopulmonary sarcoidosis had a persistent stable miliary pulmonary x-ray image after cortisone therapy. Eighteen months after stopping the corticotherapy, he developed cryptococcosis which was mainly cutaneous, but associated with subcutaneous abscesses and peripheral adenopathy, and without lesions in the viscera or deep nodes. Cryptococcus antigens were present in the serum and there was a humoral and cellular immunity reaction towards the cryptococcus. Recovery occurred after amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Iatrogenic mycoses with deep visceral localization caused by opportunistic fungi].

The new therapeutic methods based on antibiotics, corticosteroids and immunosuppressors and the new medicosurgical techniques (catheters, monitoring in intensive-care units, open-heart surgery) modify the host, favorise the adaptation and introduction f endogenous and exogenous yeast-like fungi and thus create a new pathology characterized by deep visceral or septicemic infections due to yeasts belonging to the genera Candida, Torulopsis, Cryptococcus, Trichosporon, Rhodotorula, and Saccharomyces. The pathological aspects are analyzed and therapy is suggested in the light of new findings on polyenes (nystatine, amphotericine B), 5-fluorocytosine, imidazole, derivatives (miconazole, econazole) considering their association in function of synergy or antagonism possibilities.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1978

Antifungal agents.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of pityriasis capitis (dandruff) with econazole nitrate.

63 patients of both sexes with pityriasis sicca or steatoides were examined for presence of Pityrosporum ovale on the scalp. Only those cases in which very numerous yeasts were seen in all squamae present in the preparation were considered positive. According to the severity or duration of pityriasis, 60% of the patients in this population represented severe cases and 38% refractory cases. A solution of econazole nitrate was applied as a spray, morning and evening, for a period of 10 to 20 days (mean). The overall assessment of the clinical effects of econazole nitrate indicated 56 favourable results, with complete disappearance of objective clinical signs in 47 cases; the course of pruritus proceeded roughly parallel with that of the objective signs. The mycological checking of the clinical results, performed at least 7 days after the conclusion of therapy, disclosed 6 failures and 57 successes. In 17 patients, the microscopic examination of squamae was complemented by culture before and after treatment: in all cases, the culture, positive before econazole nitrate therapy, became negative after treatment, thus confirming the results of direct examination. These data suggest that Pityrosporum ovale plays a pathogenetic part in pityriasis simplex capitis.

Adolescent↗