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E E Keran

Publications and source records attributed to E E Keran.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Site-dependent postmortem changes in blood cocaine concentrations.

When a forensic toxicologist interprets postmortem blood cocaine findings he usually must make assumptions regarding perimortem drug concentrations. In-vitro studies have shown that cocaine rapidly hydrolyzes in unpreserved blood, particularly at elevated temperatures. However, other studies have demonstrated site-dependent postmortem release of some drugs from tissue stores accompanied by increases in drug concentrations in the blood. This study was undertaken to investigate whether blood cocaine concentrations change in the body during the postmortem interval and, if so, to measure the direction and magnitude of the changes. In medical examiner cases in which scene investigation suggested that the decreased was a cocaine user, blood samples were collected as soon after death as possible. At autopsy, a second set of samples was collected. Analysis of paired samples by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed dramatic differences in the cocaine concentration. The magnitude and direction of the change appears to be site dependent. Usually, but not invariably, cocaine concentration in subclavian vein blood decreases while that in heart, aorta, and femoral vein blood increases during the interval between death and autopsy. The findings emphasize the danger inherent in attempting to estimate the concentration of cocaine in blood at the time of death from postmortem data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Regulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in uterine tissue in organ culture.

An organ culture technique, employing a totally defined medium, was developed, in which the levels of glucose-6-P dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in uterine tissue from estradiol-treated ovariectomized mature rats continued to increase in vitro for 18 h at a rate similar to that seen in vivo. Uterine G6PD levels did not increase in vitro in tissues from estrogen-deprived rats even if estradiol (10(-6)m) was added in vitro, but the administration of estradiol (5 mug/rat) in vivo for as little as 2 min permitted G6PD levels to increase by 0.03 units/uterus (from 0.075 to 0.10, units/uterus) after the 18 h incubation. The maximum increase of 0.08 units/uterus (from 0.147 to 0.230 units/uterus) was seen in uteri from rats which were given estradiol 12 h prior to sacrigice. Tissues from animals given estradiol for greater than 30 h exhibit a net decrease in G6PD levels under the in vitro conditions. The in vitro increase in G6PD activity is inhibited by the addition of either actinomycin D (5 mug/ml), cycloheximide (5 mug/ml), or cordycepin (150 mug/ml), or by the intrauterine injection of actinomycin D (10 mug/rat). Intrauterine administration of cycloheximide (100 mug/rat) inhibited the in vivo increase in enzyme activity; however, the enzyme levels increased after placement of uterine tissues from these animals into organ culture. The removal of cycloheximide, which was added at the beginning of incubation after the 12th h, restores the ability of the tissues to increase the G3PD activity, and this restoration is not blocked by the addition of actinomycin D, suggesting that the mRNA activity for uterine G6PD accumulated during in vitro inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide. The in vitro increase in uterine G6PD is due to an increase in immunologically identifiable G6PD protein and this increase is due, at least in part, to an increase in the de novo synthesis of the enzyme, as measured by the incorporation of [14C]leucine into immunochemically isolated G6PD protein. These results suggest that once initiated in vivo by estradiol, the uterus is capable of continuing in vitro those events, including the synthesis of both RNA and protein, which result in an increased rate of synthesis of uterine G6PD.

Animals↗