PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E E Machtei

Publications and source records attributed to E E Machtei.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Dental plaque and calculus: risk indicators for their formation.

The aim of this study was to determine the levels of plaque and subgingival calculus accumulation and to evaluate their correlations with periodontal disease, as well as to evaluate the correlations with race, age, and gender in an attempt to identify risk indicators for plaque and calculus formation. A total of 508 adults 25-73 years of age was examined, and plaque assessment, gingival bleeding assessment, probing pocket depth, and attachment levels were determined. The mean percent visible plaque was 73.5% (range, 8.3-100%), mean percent of bleeding surfaces 38.5% (range, 0-100%), and the mean percent teeth with subgingival calculus 39.6% (range, 0-100%). The mean probing pocket depth in the group was 2.5 +/- 0.6 mm (SD), and mean clinical attachment loss was 2.1 +/- 1.1 mm. The majority (63%) were classified as having "Moderate" periodontal disease, 7% were "Healthy", and the remaining 30% had "Established" periodontal disease. Plaque and calculus showed statistically significant relationships to the three disease categories (p less than 0.001). Multiple step-wise regression analyses on the correlations between plaque and periodontal disease, race, age, and gender resulted in an overall correlation coefficient of r = 0.25 (p less than 0.001). Disease status ("Established") contributed most (p = 0.003), followed by race (Blacks; p = 0.015), gender (Males; p = 0.022), and age (55-73 yr; p = 0.022), to the correlation with plaque. For subgingival calculus, the overall correlation coefficient was r = 0.44 (p less than 0.001). However, only two of the variables--namely, disease status (p less than 0.001) followed by race (p = 0.017)--showed statistically significant correlations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Clinical criteria for the definition of "established periodontitis".

The objective of The Present study was to define criteria for the diagnosis of "established periodontitis." This term will define subjects who have demonstrated clinical attachment loss, and as such can be considered to have periodontitis. Using these criteria, healthy and established periodontitis subjects were compared with respect to gender, race, and age. Five hundred and eight subjects including 248 females and 260 males between the ages of 25 to 73 (mean 44.6 years), were examined in this study. The clinical examination included: plaque assessment index (PAI); gingival assessment index (GAI); probing pocket depth (PPD); and clinical attachment level (CAL). The mean and frequency distribution of these parameters were analyzed by age and gender. CAL (mean 2.12 mm) showed constant and significant increases with age, ranging from a mean of 1.63 mm in subjects 25 to 34 years of age to a mean of 2.65 mm in subjects 65 to 74 years of age. Males exhibited higher mean values than females for all the measured parameters, which were statistically significant for PAI, PPD, and CAL. The frequency distribution of subjects with PPD and CAL beyond certain threshold levels showed an exponential decline and was correlated to both the severity of the most involved site as well as the number of sites beyond threshold levels. The clinical entity of "established periodontitis" is suggested based on the presence of CAL greater than or equal to 6 mm in 2 or more teeth and one or more sites with PPD greater than or equal to 5 mm. In the present study, 30.5% of the subjects fell into this category.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Sounding depth measurements: a method for evaluating various surgical techniques.

Fourteen patients undergoing periodontal treatment for moderate to severe adult-type periodontitis were included in the study. Seven patients (a total of 210 sites) were treated with modified Widman flap surgery while the other 7 patients (the same number of sites) were treated with apically-positioned flap surgery. The 2 modalities were compared using sounding depth measurements before and immediately after surgery. The mean sounding depth decreased from 4.89 mm to 3.42 mm in the modified Widman flap group, compared to a drop from 4.77 mm to 2.46 mm in the apically-positioned flap group. Neither of these procedures resulted in the total eradication of all periodontal pockets. The final outcome of modified Widman flap surgery may, at times, result in zero sounding depth (placement of the flap at the crest of the bone); on the other hand, very often the flap was placed far supra-crestally in an intended apically-positioned flap procedure. This lack of consistency between intended and actual flap placement would suggest that studies which try to compare different treatment modalities using a flap approach should include sounding depth measurements immediately post-surgery. This is needed to assure that the intended procedure has actually been carried out.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1991

Advanced periodontal disease and development of anterior open bite. A case report.

Severe anterior open bite in adults is often both functionally and esthetically unacceptable. The treatment usually consists of a combined orthodontic and surgical correction. The stability of open bite treatment results is often poor. The case presented is of marked anterior open bite in a previously normal bite patient with advanced periodontal disease. An etiology for the development of this condition is suggested and a successful treatment described.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Multiple therapy approach to juvenile periodontitis: a case report.

Various therapeutic techniques for the treatment of juvenile periodontitis are reported in the literature, with occasional contradictory results. One of the reasons for the contradictory results may be differences in patient selection and/or response to treatment. The following report describes the results of various treatment modalities, in different sites in the same individual, on localized juvenile periodontitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Anterior open bite and gingival recession in children and adolescents.

Gingival recession is a manifestation of periodontal breakdown. Plaque microorganisms are the primary aetiological factor, but other secondary conditions are also associated with its presence. This study examined the hypothesis that localized gingival recession is more prevalent in open-bite cases. The study included 26 children with untreated anterior open bite and a matched control group. Clinical crown length, recession depth, oral habits and periodontal indices were recorded for each individual. Although the plaque index was not significantly different between the two groups, the open-bite group showed significantly greater clinical crown length and gingival inflammation. This may be attributed to increased virulence of dehydrated plaque and it is suggested that open bite may predispose to the development of localized gingival recession in the anterior segments of young individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Proximal bone loss adjacent to periodontally "hopeless" teeth with and without extraction.

Extraction of teeth with severe attachment loss ("hopeless" teeth) is common practice in the dental office. Recent evidence questions the validity of this approach. The purpose of the present study was to examine the alveolar bone changes adjacent to "hopeless" teeth with and without extraction. A total of 145 teeth from 129 patients were included in this retrospective study. Teeth were defined as "hopeless" when Class III furcation involvement was present, or when alveolar bone loss exceeded 50%. Patients were pooled into two groups: A, 82 "hopeless" teeth (71 patients) that were retained throughout the experimental period, and B, 63 "hopeless" teeth (58 patients) that were extracted. The average observation period was 4 years with a minimum of 2 years. Alveolar bone changes were measured as a percentage of the anatomic root (radiographic apex-CEJ) using a Schei ruler. Results revealed significantly greater bone loss adjacent to teeth flanking retained "hopeless" teeth, 3.12% per year, at a rate 10 times that of the 0.23% annual bone loss in teeth flanking "hopeless" teeth that were extracted (P less than 0.0001). This study confirms that without periodontal treatment, the retention of teeth with severe periodontal breakdown has a negative effect on the adjacent teeth.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-performed subgingival irrigation--a case report.

Self-performed subgingival irrigation with 0.2% chlorhexidine is a simple method of treating isolated, deep periodontal pockets which do not respond favorably to conventional treatment techniques. Subgingival irrigation is most efficient in the anterior region, where it can be easily performed, and the results (resolution of inflammatory signs and pocket reduction) can be achieved within a short period of time (2-4 weeks). A case is presented whereby a non-surgical treatment of a patient with advanced adult type periodontal disease was used. After completion of active therapy, clinical and radiographic follow-up were maintained for three years. The need to depend on the patients's skill and cooperation may, however, limit the use of this technique.

Aged↗