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Biomedical subjects

E Erturk

Publications and source records attributed to E Erturk.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Improved renal transplant preservation using a modified intracellular flush solution (PB-2). Characterization of mechanisms by renal clearance, high performance liquid chromatography, phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and electron microscopy studies.

A number of new intracellular renal flush solutions have been found to be more efficacious than Collins-2 (C-2) solution in extending organ viability during simple cold storage. However, the mechanism of action of these solutions remains poorly understood. To delineate better underlying intracellular mechanisms, we studied a modified, simple, hypothermic, intracellular (340 mOsm/kg) flush solution (PB-2). The development of PB-2 solution is based on the ability of some of its individual components to minimize ischemic adenine nucleotide (AN) catabolism and endothelial post "reperfusion injury." Preliminary results in 10 canine autorenal transplants show a significant (P less than 0.02) improvement in renal recovery and viability (recipient posttransplant inulin clearance and survival) after 50 h of cold storage compared with 10 canine kidneys similarly preserved using conventional C-2 flush solution. High performance liquid chromotography (HPLC) studies show a significant (P less than 0.01) loss of AN using C-2, while PB-2 was associated with regeneration of AN within 45 min of reperfusion. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy using phosphorus 31 (31P-MRS) showed more high energy phosphorus metabolites (phosphomonoester and nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide phosphate: P less than 0.001) at 50 h cold storage using PB-2 compared with C-2. Electron micrographs (EM) revealed normal microcapillary morphology for the PB-2 group; however, moderate vascular red and white blood cell clumping was observed in the C-2 group. Characterization of the basic preservation mechanisms by HPLC, 31P-MRS, and EM studies indicates that PB-2 solution enhances renal preservation by diminution of both reperfusion injury and the loss of intracellular high energy metabolites that are necessary for viability.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Secondary renal revascularization for recurrent renal artery stenosis.

Six patients are presented who underwent secondary renal revascularization for recurrent renal artery stenosis. The initial pathologic diagnosis was fibrous dysplasia in three patients and atherosclerosis in three patients. All patients had initially undergone a successful aortorenal bypass operation. Recurrent renal artery stenosis and hypertension developed 11 to 120 months later (mean, 58 months). Secondary revascularization operations included renal autotransplantation (2 patients), hepatorenal bypass (2), iliorenal bypass (1), and aortorenal bypass (1). Hypertension was relieved, and renal function was stabilized or improved in all cases. If hypertension recurs after renal revascularization, a recurrent but correctable lesion should be suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Metaplastic cystitis complicated with Von Brunn nests, cystitis cystica, and intestinal type of glandular metaplasia.

It is well documented that under certain stimuli the bladder epithelium can undergo metaplasia. The origin of glandular epithelium, which may be found in the bladder, is somewhat controversial. Endoscopic and histopathologic features of an eighty-one-year-old white man with proliferative metaplastic cystitis are presented. This case demonstrates that glandular differentiation was due to progressive cystitis rather than congenital intestinal rest.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Efficacy of antitumor chemotherapy in C3H mice enhanced by the antiangiogenesis steroid, cortisone acetate.

The effect of "antiangiogenesis" therapy using cortisone acetate (CA) with or without heparin on tumor growth as well as in combination with chemotherapy was investigated. C3H mice were implanted intradermally with N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-thiazolyl]formamide induced undifferentiated transitional cell carcinoma, MBT-2, in the right flank. The treatment was initiated 9 to 10 days after tumor inoculation. Daily injections of CA (250 mg/kg s.c.) suppressed tumor growth significantly in a dose dependent fashion. Administration of heparin (Elkins-Sinn) at the concentration of 200, 400, or 1000 units/ml in drinking water for 3 to 6 days was neither additive nor detrimental to the effect of CA. Chemotherapy was combined with CA; 3 days of administration of 250 mg/kg of CA in tapering doses was used. The chemotherapeutic agent was injected once 24 h before the initial CA. Combinations of chemotherapy (Adriamycin, 2.5-7.5 mg/kg i.v; cisplatin, 3-9 mg/kg i.p.; cyclophosphamide, 50-150 mg/kg i.p.; cis-(diammino)(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate)platinum(II) (JM-8), 60-150 mg/kg i.p.; mitomycin C, 3-4.5 mg/kg i.p.) with CA showed additive suppression of tumor growth. Mice tolerated chemotherapy alone, CA alone, and both in combination. CA combined with JM-8 was not tolerated. Mice tolerated 100 to 150 mg/kg of JM-8, whereas the addition of CA to JM-8 resulted in a 66% (6 of 9) to 89% (8 of 9) mortality rate. CA at a concentration of 5 and 25 micrograms/ml showed no direct cytotoxic activity against MBT-2 cells in vitro. However, 3 days of administration of 250 mg/kg of CA inhibited tumor angiogenesis generated by MBT-2 cells in C3H mice using a dorsal air sac assay. The data suggest that CA alone inhibits tumor angiogenesis in C3H mice and that antiangiogenesis therapy enhances the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents without increasing host toxicity (except for JM-8).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Voiding dysfunction in tertiary syphilis.

After years of decline to near disappearance, there recently has been an increasing incidence of syphilis in America. New cases of tertiary neurosyphilis are being reported which often have associated significant urologic sequelae. For the first time in the English literature, the uro-dynamic findings of a patient with tabes dorsalis are presented. Our findings indicate that treatment of urinary retention associated with tabes dorsalis is better managed by intermittent catheterization than by prostate surgery because of the impaired detrusor activity. A review of neurosyphilis and its urologic implications and urodynamic findings are presented. Prompt recognition of this entity should encourage a full urodynamic evaluation prior to a commitment to prostatic surgery.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1987

Epidermal growth factor--interactions with normal and malignant urothelium: in vivo and in situ studies.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is excreted in urine in high concentrations and thus incubates with bladder epithelial cells continuously. However, it is not known whether any urothelial cells can bind urinary EGF or respond to it. Using a monoclonal antibody (528) to the binding portion of the human EGF receptor, immunoperoxidase staining demonstrated that the basal cell layer of normal urothelium is richly endowed with cell surface EGF receptors while the superficial cell layer is not. Alternatively, superficial cells of premalignant and malignant urothelium have many surface EGF receptors. Intravesical EGF induces in vivo activity of ornithine decarboxylase and DNA synthesis in rat bladders, with nuclear thymidine incorporation being limited to the basal epithelial cell layer. These studies indicate that urothelium can respond to urinary EGF and that this response parallels the distribution of EGF receptors. These findings combined with the difference in EGF-receptor expression between malignant and normal cells indicate that urinary EGF may play a role in bladder tumor development and/or growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The effect of graded unilateral testicular biopsy on the reproductive capacity of male rats.

Fifty adult rats were subjected to unilateral testicular biopsy removing either 0.01, 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 cc of testicular parenchyma. In addition, 20 rats underwent either hemicastration or sham surgery. After a 30-day recovery period each male was housed with two cycling females for 20 days. At the end of this breeding trial the percentage of fertile males, percentage of pregnant females and resulting embryo scores (no. of embryos X size of embryos) were determined for each group of male rats. After an additional 30 days (60 days post-biopsy) a second breeding trial was performed so as to note any long-term changes in fertility. In addition to the fertility parameters, mean seminiferous tubule diameters and serum testosterone levels were noted. After the first breeding trial the percentage of fertile males and percentage of pregnant females were inversely proportional to the amount of biopsy material removed (p less than 0.05). However, the hemicastrate and sham-operated groups did not differ from the O cc control animals. The results of the second breeding trial showed a significant improvement in the percentage of females becoming pregnant (p less than 0.05) and a tendency for improvement in the percentage of fertile males when compared to data of the first breeding trial. In addition, we found the mean seminiferous tubular diameter of the biopsied testes to be inversely proportional to the size of the biopsy (p less than 0.01) with no apparent effect on the contralateral testes. We conclude that removing relatively large amounts of testicular parenchyma during unilateral testicular biopsy transiently affects male reproductive capacity, at least in the healthy animal model studied here.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Mutagenicity of 3,4-diphenyl-5-nitrofuran analogs in Salmonella typhimurium.

A new series of chemicals comprising eight different 3,4-diphenyl-substituted furan analogs, namely, methyl-3,4-diphenyl-2-furoate, methyl-3,4-diphenyl-5-nitro-2-furoate, 3,4-diphenyl-5-nitro-2-furoic acid, 3,4-diphenyl-5-nitro-2-acetylfuran, 3,4-diphenyl-5-nitro-2-bromoacetylfuran, 2-amino-4-(3,4-diphenyl-5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole, 2-acetyl-amino-4-(3,4-diphenyl-5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole and 2-formyl-amino-4-(3,4-diphenyl-5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole were synthesized and their mutagenic activities tested in Salmonella typhimurium. The structure--activity relationship studies revealed that for mutagenic activity the nitro group is essential and that the potency of activity is greatly altered by the nature of the substituent at the 2-position of the furan ring. The mutagenic activities of these chemicals were generally much higher in TA100 compared to TA98. The relative order of activities for 2-substituted, 3,4-diphenyl-5-nitrofurans were COOCH3 greater than COCH2BR greater than COCH3 greater than COOH in S. typhimurium TA100. 3,4-Diphenyl-5-nitro-2-bromoacetylfuran was equally active in nitroreductase-proficient (TA98, TA100) and in nitroreductase-deficient (TA98NR, TA100NR) strains. In contrast, the acetyl and carboxymethyl ester analogs were relatively less active in nitroreductase-deficient strains. Mutagenic activities of 3,4-diphenyl-substituted furylthiazoles in comparison with the unsubstituted analogs of N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]-formamide, N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]-acetamide and 2-amino-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole revealed that the phenyl groups drastically reduced their mutagenic activities. However, the relative order of activities formylamino greater than or equal to acetylamino greater than amino were the were the same between phenyl-substituted and unsubstituted analogs.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed1985

Peritonitis and abdominal free air due to intraperitoneal bladder perforation associated with indwelling urethral catheter drainage.

Perforation of the bladder related to long-term indwelling Foley catheter drainage is a rare and serious complication. We report 2 cases of bladder perforation leading to generalized peritonitis and free intraperitoneal air. These cases re-emphasize the importance of considering bladder perforation in the differential diagnosis of the acute abdomen and of performing a complete abdominal exploration when the site of perforation is not easily detectable.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

Renal trauma: evaluation by computerized tomography.

The diagnosis and appropriate management of patients with renal trauma have remained controversial. From July 1981 to June 1984 we evaluated with computerized tomography 22 selected patients suspected of sustaining major renal trauma. Of these patients 17 were managed successfully with conservative therapy and 5 underwent surgical exploration. Only 2 patients required arteriography because of excellent renal delineation provided by computerized tomography scanning. Computerized tomography provides the most precise anatomical detail of renal injuries as well as valuable information regarding other retroperitoneal and intra-abdominal structures, often resulting in the identification of associated and unsuspected injuries. We advocate the use of computerized tomography as the primary diagnostic modality in patients suspected of sustaining major renal injury and/or other organ injuries. This change in diagnostic studies has facilitated greatly the diagnosis and treatment of kidney injuries.

Adolescent↗