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Biomedical subjects

E Eylan

Publications and source records attributed to E Eylan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Penetrating keratoplasty in rabbits with herpetic keratitis treated with poly I:C.

Penetrating keratoplasties were performed in which grafts were exchanged between normal rabbits and rabbits previously infected with Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Clear grafts were obtained when surgery was performed during the latent stage of the disease (3 months after HSV inoculation). Polyinosinic acid: polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) was administered before and after keratoplasty when the rabbits had active herpetic keratitis. Clear grafts were obtained when the rabbits were inoculated with HSV and treated 18 hours later with poly I:C, which was continued until two weeks before keratoplasty. This treated group had a rapid decrease in HSV titer, inhibition of the migration of HSV from the infected cornea to the trigeminal ganglia, and a decrease in antibody titer to HSV in the sera. In rabbits inoculated with HSV, subjected two weeks later to keratoplasty, and then treated with poly I:C, three quarters of the graft rejections were milder than those in the control group.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Detection of antibodies against Candida albicans ribosomes by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was found to be a convenient method for the investigation of antibodies in mice immunized with Candida albicans ribosomes. Antibodies against the ribosomal antigen were detected in all the sera of mice (ICR and BALB/c) immunized with ribosomes and incomplete Freund's adjuvant and in some of the sera of mice immunized with ribosomes only; the titer of antibodies varied from 1:320 to 1:10 240. Vaccination of mice with ribosomal protein and IFA resulted in a high titer of antiribosomal antibodies. Treatment of ribosomes with pronase abrogated the capacity of the ribosomes to elicit anti ribosomal humoral responses, suggesting that the antibodies detected were directed against the protein moiety of the ribosomes. The presence of antibodies in sera of immunized mice could not be correlated with the protection afforded by the ribosomal vaccination.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Leptospirosis in Israel: a report of 14 cases caused by icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup (1968-82).

Fourteen cases of leptospirosis due to the Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae (Weil's disease) were serologically confirmed in the last 15 years. In two cases, Icterohaemorrhagiae was also isolated from the patients' blood. Both positive cultures were obtained in Korthof's medium by indirect passage through brain-heart infusion medium. One of the isolates was identified as serovar budapest, which has never been reported in Israel. In most of the cases, paradoxical cross-reactions with serovars of the Autumnalis, Hebdomadis and Canicola serogroups were observed in the early stages of the illness. In all cases, we suspected that the source of the infection was serovars of the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup shed in the urine of Rattus norvegicus rats. Thirteen of the affected persons were working and living in the Tel Aviv area, all in places not known to be Icterohaemorrhagiae endemic before 1968. One patient was working and living in the Hadera region. All patients were jaundiced, and one died. The illness was usually accompanied by pronounced and long-lasting elevation of blood bilirubin and urea levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Cell-mediated immunity following experimental vaccinations with Candida albicans ribosomes.

The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is induced in animals by vaccination with Candida albicans ribosomes. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) was detected in vivo in ribosome-vaccinated mice and guinea pigs by the footpad swelling and skin tests, respectively. The observed DTH was similar to that induced by live C. albicans organisms. A lymphocyte transformation assay was used for in vitro detection of CMI. The tritiated thymidine incorporation assays revealed that spleen lymphocytes from mice immunized with C. albicans ribosomes were stimulated by the ribosomal antigen. The findings establish that C. albicans ribosomes are able to induce CMI in experimental animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Alkaline phosphatase immuno-enzymatic technique in the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris.

Alkaline phosphatase was used in an immuno-enzymatic procedure to detect tissue-bound and circulating antibodies in pemphigus vulgaris. Pemphigus antibodies were revealed by a direct method using alkaline phosphatase conjugated goat anti-human IgG. Cryostat sections were incubated with the specific antiserum, and alkaline phosphatase activity was then revealed histochemically either by Gomori's technique or by the azo dye method. The sections were examined by light microscopy and intercellular staining was demonstrated in the epidermis. The indirect method, in which the patient's serum was incubated with sections of normal skin, gave similar results. Using parallel sections, an immunofluorescent technique was used to demonstrate tissue-bound and circulating antibodies. The alkaline phosphatase method appeared to be slightly less sensitive than the immunofluorescent method.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1982

The effect of poly I:C and IUDR on the inhibition of HSV in rabbit eyes.

The inhibition of herpetic keratitis by a combination of Poly I:C with DEAE-Dextran and IUDR was studied in rabbit eyes. This treatment was administered 72 h after HSV inoculation (daily) for 3 days and continued once daily for another 2-3 days. A significant improvement was detected in rabbit eyes beginning on the first day of treatment, and there was minimal scarring. This improvement in herpetic keratitis coincided with a decrease in the virus titer isolated from rabbit eyes and an increase in interferon titer detected in rabbit tears. The cornea and trigeminal ganglia of treated and control rabbits were tested in order to prove whether this combined treatment could inhibit the migration of HSV from the cornea to the trigeminal ganglia. During the active stage of the disease, HSV was isolated in a lower titer from the cornea of the treated rabbits and from the ganglia of only half of this rabbit group. During the latent stage of the disease, no HSV was isolated from the cornea of either rabbit group, but HSV was isolated from the ganglia explants of the treated rabbits in a somewhat lower titer than from the controls. This treatment administered 3 days after the virus inoculation could not prevent the migration of HSV from the infected cornea towards the trigeminal ganglia.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Leptospirosis in Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus in Israel.

Leptospires were isolated from 21.2% of Rattus norvegicus (the brown rat) and 9.9% of Rattus rattus trapped in a survey of urban and rural areas in Israel. Microagglutination antibodies were found in sera of 9.4 and 8.1% of these rats, respectively. The 191 strains isolated belonged to six serogroups: Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae (169), L. bataviae (3), L. semeranga (1), L andamana (1) and L. ballum (1) from R. norvegicus and L. ballum (13) and L. hebdomadis (3) from R. rattus. No significant differences were found between the infection rate of mature male and female brown rats, but all six strains isolated from young animals were obtained from male rats. Two factors influence the rat of Leptospira infection among urban brown rats: the age of the animals and the area in which they are trapped. Adult brown rats trapped in a newly infected area showed a considerably higher level of contamination (61.8%) than those trapped in areas where the infection had persisted for many years (22.8%). Young rats showed a low degree of contamination in both the old foci (5.7%) and the new foci (2.2%). New and highly infected areas were found during this survey in Tel Aviv (Carmel market) and its neighboring cities of Holon, Ramat Gan and Givatayim.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1981

Protective immunity against murine candidiasis elicited by Candida albicans ribosomal fractions.

Candida albicans ribosomes were prepared from mechanically disrupted cells through differential centrifugation and purification in a sucrose-ammonium sulfate solution. The ribosomes were analyzed chemically and physically and exhibited characteristics of eucaryotic ribosomes (78S). ICR female mice were immunized with two subcutaneous inoculations, 2 weeks apart, of 100 microgram of ribosomes (expressed as ribosomal protein). Immunized mice were challenged either intraperitoneally or intravenously with a lethal dose of live C. albicans cells. The 31-day survival rate of immunized mice challenged intraperitoneally was 64% (mean value) versus 27% in controls; in intravenously challenged mice the survival rate of the immunized animals was about 60%, with no survivors among the controls. In intravenously challenged mice, incomplete Freund adjuvant enhanced the protection elicited by the ribosomes. Protection by ribosomal immunization was obtained against challenge doses causing chronic and acute infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Stimulation of prostaglandin E production by bacterial endotoxins in cultured human synovial fibroblasts.

E coli, shigella, salmonella, and cholera endotoxins stimulated prostaglandin E (PGE) production by cultured human synovial and foreskin fibroblasts. The minimal effective dose of Shigella endotoxin was 2 micrograms/ml and a maximal response was observed at 10 micrograms/ml. PGE stimulation was first detected 7 hours after addition of cholera endotoxin. Stimulation by shigella endotoxin of both PGE and hyaluronic acid production was inhibited by indomethacin and aspirin. The present results suggest that PGE is a mediator of joint inflammation induced by endotoxins.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1980

Localization of reverse-transcriptase in interferon-treated mouse cells chronically infected with Moloney leukemia virus.

Interferon treatment of mouse cells chronically infected with Moloney leukemia virus (3T3/MLV) resulted in 97 per cent inhibition of infective virus release. The intracellular localization and distribution of virus reverse-transcriptase and group specific (gs) antigen were determined in interferon treated and control cells. Cytoplasm of infected cells was fractionated by isopycnic centrifugation on discontinuous sucrose gradients. Fractions were analysed for their chemical composition and characterized by the activity of membranal marker enzymes. The association and levels of viral antigens were determined in each fraction. Fractions enriched with 5' nucleotidase, specific enzyme marker for plasma membrane, were also enriched with viral proteins. In interferon treated cells, intracellular accumulation of viral proteins was specifically localized in the plasma membrane. Threefold increase in reverse-transcriptase level was the maximal accumulation found in purified plasma membranes. Intracellular enzyme levels in interferon treated cells were in accordance with the amount of cell associated infective virus particles. The small accumulation of viral proteins and infective virus particles was not sufficient to account for the great reduction in virus yield observed in the supernatants of the interferon treated cells. A possible role for interferon in modification of plasma membrane associated with virus assembly is postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A case of lymphogranuloma venereum of 20 years' duration. Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from perianal lesions.

Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from perianal lesions in a patient in whom lymphogranuloma venereum had been diagnosed 20 years previously. Treatment with tetracycline resulted in a pronounced improvement. Although C trachomatis is known to persist for a long time in the host, isolation of the micro-organism from infected tissues after such a prolonged period has not previously been reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Potentiation of leukemogenicity and infectivity of Rauscher leukemia virus by an enhancing factor present in egg fluids.

Sequential intraperitoneal administration of a low molecular-weight-enhancing factor, isolated from egg fluids, in mice infected with Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV) significantly stimulated viral replication. This was evidenced by elevated levels of viral DNA-polymerase in mouse sera. This stimulation of viral replication correlated with aggrevation of viral leukemogenicity, as reflected by increment of splenomegalic response and shortening of survival time. The in vivo potentiation of replication and leukemogenicity of RLV is achieved at least partly by the enhancing factor at the cellular level, since RLV replication was found to be stimulated also in an in vitro system. We assume that the stimulatory effect of the enhancing factor on viral replication is connected with its stimulatory effect on the synthesis of cellular DNA.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

Salmonella choleraesuis proteins and their relation to proteins from bacteria of heterologous sero-groups.

A diversity of proteins was identified in the material isolated from S. choleraesuis with the help of sera prepared in rabbits with this material. The sera displayed, in agar-gel diffusions, numerous superimposed precipitation lines against proteins from: Salmonellae, Shigellae and E. coli. In contrast to proteins from S. paratyphi C, sharing identical identical 'O' 'factors, the serological activity of the S. choleraesuis proteins was impaired by heating. The immunochemical analysis of the sera before and after exhaustive absorptions with heterologous proteins exhibited a stronger relation of S. choleraesuis with S. thyphimiurium and S. Newport than with S. paratyphi C. The antibodies induced against free proteins with S. paratyphi C specificity, present in the mosaic of proteins isolated from S. choleraesuis, were removed by the respective absorption without substantial modifications of the homologous precipitation. In contrast, the absorption of the serum with proteins from either S. newport or S. typhimurium removed almost all the homologous induced antibodies. The strong relations found among species belonging to different serogroups underline the non-conformity of the empirical established serofactors.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Discrepancies Between strong immunochemical relations of S. typhimurium and S. kentucky and their behaviour "in vivo".

Proteins from S. typhimurium and from S. kentucky strongly cross-precipitated against sera prepared in rabbits with the respective strains; agglutinations paralleled the precipitations. The related antigens were, however, not involved in "in vivo" cross-protections. Mice immunized with proteins from S. kentucky resisted the toxicity of the homologous strain and that of a concentration of S. emek which killed the controls but did not survive the infection with 1LD100 of S. typhimurium. There was a long delay in the death of those mice infected with S. typhimurium while the mice immunized with S. typhimurium proteins were killed by the toxicity of 1LD100 S. kentucky, like the controls, within 20 hours. The results strikingly underline the specificity of host-parasite relations and the need for circumspection when involving common antigens in either virulence or toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The numerous common antigens of enterobacteriaceae.

A mosaic of proteins is synthesized by each of the Enterobacterial species grown on artificial media (tryptose-agar, Difco). Their existence was proven with the help of sera prepared in rabbits with proteins from: S. enteritidis, S. typhi, S. typhimurium, S. paratyphi C, E. coli, and Sh. sonnei. The induced antibodies, strongly precipitated numerous heterologous Enterobacterial proteins. The proteins of Sh. dysenteriae 4, although reacting against the heterologous sera, were poor immunogens and induced, mainly, homologous antibodies. Comparative agar-gel diffusions of the same proteins against the antiproteinic sera and corresponding antibacterial sera proved that the bacteria induced fewer antibodies against a reduced number of heterologous antigens. Thus, it is evident that a competition among the numerous antigens of a bacterium takes place when whole bacteria are used for immunizations. The differences in the degree of relatedness of Salmonellae, Shigellae, and E. coli are illustrated by their reactions in agar-gel against homologous and heterologous sera. The serological activity of heated proteins (1 hr at 100 degrees C) against the antiproteinic sera differed according to the intrinsic qualities of the analysed materials.

Animals↗