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Biomedical subjects

E F Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to E F Hansen.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Lung function and respiratory health of long-term fiber-exposed stonewool factory workers.

The present study was undertaken to examine the respiratory health of a Danish workforce exposed to man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) during production. Workers with more than 5 yr occupational exposure to MMVF (n = 377) were compared to a group without MMVF exposure (n = 381). Respiratory health was assessed by questionnaire, dynamic spirometry, and measurement of transfer factor. Overall response rate was 63%. A sample of nonresponders was assessed by questionnaire and spirometry. On most spirometric indices the two groups had comparable values. However, a larger proportion (14.5%) of the exposed subjects had an obstructive flow pattern compared with the control subjects (5.3%). Subgroup analyses showed that the elevated risk of airways obstruction associated with exposure was restricted to heavy smokers. Transfer factor and prevalences of symptoms and self-reported disease were similar in the two groups. There is no indication of excess risk of lung fibrosis. However, a number of exposed workers have some degree of airflow obstruction, which cannot be explained by known confounders. An additive or synergistic action between smoking and fiber exposure on airflow obstruction can be speculated.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Aminoglycoside treatment I. Administration of gentamicin once versus three times daily].

Gentamicin is the most commonly used aminoglycoside in Danish hospitals. The aim of this study was to compare two dosage regimens, thrice-a-day (TID) and once-a-day (OD) with regard to efficacy, safety and tissue toxicity. Twenty-three patients were allocated to TID and 26 were allocated to OD gentamicin. Data from patients treated for more than 72 hours were evaluated. Efficacy was assessed by the rate at which body temperature fell to normal. Renal toxicity was judged by an increase in serum creatinine of more than 50 mumol/l and inner ear toxicity was clinically estimated daily during treatment, followed up by audiometry if positive signs occurred. Serum gentamicin was determined daily to estimate the size of next dose. A low frequency of dose adjustments was considered to reflect safety, as well as the absence of renal and inner ear affection. Results showed no significant differences between the two groups regarding efficacy, safety or tissue toxicity. Renal toxicity developed in two patients on TID regime and in one patient on OD regime. No inner ear toxicity was seen. The renal toxicity appeared unpredictably, both early and late in the treatment period and preceded by low or high values serum gentamicin. It is recommended that gentamicin be administered OD for reasons of economy and convenience and that kidney function be monitored daily throughout the treatment period.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Aminoglycoside treatment II: Dosage regimes at the departments of internal medicine in Denmark].

The aim of this study was to get a general view of the habitual practice of the usage of aminoglycosides in Danish medical departments, regarding choice of drug, dosage regimen and monitoring of drug-related toxicity, as this antimicrobial agent is commonly used in Danish hospitals against severe infections in spite of the potential for nephro- and ototoxicity. The survey, taking place in 1991 and in 1994, showed that gentamicin and netfilmicin were preferred as first choice with an equal frequency in university and county hospital department, whereas in departments in small hospitals gentamicin was preferred twice as often. From 1991 to 1994 the dosage regimen most commonly used had altered from thrice-a-day to once-a-day. Monitoring of serum levels of the drug was performed on all treated patients in fifty-two of the seventy-nine departments questioned. Most of the departments also monitored the kidney function.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1997

[Treatment of severe acute exacerbation of asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease. An interview study].

UNLABELLED: A telephone survey was conducted of all the 71 Danish hospitals with the capacity to receive acutely ill medical patients. The purpose was to register treatment regimes used in acute asthma and exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The house officer on duty was interviewed and questioned about the use of nebulizers, oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, steroids, theophyllins and monitoring of the patient's condition. The physician survey was supplemented by a smaller survey among emergency room nurses about nebulizing systems. The answers showed inadequate knowledge of nebulizing systems. There was a noticeable variation in the dosing of oxygen and in the dosing of bronchodilators and steroids. beta 2-agonist treatment by nebulizer differed with a factor 14 in dose. The majority of the physicians had no specific parameters for monitoring severity of disease. CONCLUSION: There is a need for improvement of the knowledge of nebulizing systems, including specific knowledge of the appropriate use of propellant gasflow and time of nebulizing for optimum performance of the used nebulizer. Divergent answers from the nurses and the physicians show the need for interdisciplinary instruction. The noticeable variation in treatment in this Danish survey displays a need for quality control in terms of concise guidelines for medical therapy in acute exacerbations of asthma and COPD and guidelines for monitoring of the response to the treatment. A suggestion for a treatment regime is proposed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Postbulbar duodenal ulcer. A rare cause of icterus].

Post bulbar location of a duodenal ulcer is a rare condition associated with a greater than normal incidence of complications. Bleeding is a major problem, but also perforation, strictures, choledochoduodenal- and pancreaticoduodenal fistulas are found as complications of post bulbar duodenal ulcers. In spite of the close relation of the second part of the duodenum to the common bile duct, jaundice is remarkably rare with a prevalence of about 0.14%. We present a case of benign jaundice caused by a juxtapapillary duodenal ulcer treated by temporary biliary stenting and medical anti-ulcer treatment.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1991

Liposarcoma of the spermatic cord. Case report.

We report a case of a 78-year-old man with liposarcoma of the spermatic cord. This rare tumour, which is slow growing and tends to recur locally, must be considered in the differential diagnosis of solid tumours between the testis and the internal ring. The surgical treatment is radical orchiectomy with wide local excision and high ligation of the spermatic cord. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is debatable and the value of chemo- and radiotherapy is uncertain.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Intracavernous self-injection for treatment of erectile dysfunction inpatients with spinal cord injuries].

Twelve patients (aged 18-70 years, average 41 years) with known spinal cord lesions with durations of 1-25 years and with levels of the lesions from C II incomplete to L III complete received intracavernous injection of papaverine with a commencing dose of 15 mg papaverine. Following this, nine patients could obtain usable erection lasting from 30 to 300 minutes with doses from 15-60 mg. In one patient, however, 60 mg papaverine was supplemented by 5 mg phentolamine. The patients were then trained in the technique of self-injection. On contact 1-37 months after the primary instruction, eight patients had performed a total of 40 self injections with the object of coitus, which was successful in all of the cases. Because he had no partner, one patient had no employed self-injection but would like to employ the method if the appropriate situation arose. Two patients did not want to continue self-injection. One of these considered that the method was too complicated to use and the other had had an episode of prolonged erection requiring treatment. No other side effects requiring treatment were observed. The relationship to possible partners and the experience of libido, "orgasm" and feeling of self esteem as compared to previous experiences were registered. Six out of nine patients had experienced improvement in at least one of these fields and none had experienced deterioration. A total of seven patients planned to employ the method in future. The authors conclude that self-injection of papaverine is a promising supplement in the treatment of erective dysfunction in patients with spinal cord lesions.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Arterial embolism of the legs. A follow-up study of 252 patients.

This retrospective study of 279 embolectomies in 252 patients shows a mortality of 27%, and an amputation rate of 15% within the first month after the embolectomy. The mortality as well as the rate of amputations decreased through the first year. After this period the mortality was comparable to that of a normal population and the rate of amputation was negligible. The mortality rate as well as the number of amputations increased with increasing time-lag of the embolectomy. In addition, the rate of amputation increased with preexisting intermittent claudication. There was no significant difference in amputation rate between limbs with and without palpable pulsations in the groin on admission, but 8 out of 103 limbs without groin pulsations had successful major vascular reconstruction performed after failing embolectomy in contrast to none in the group where pulsations were present. In 28 patients the embolectomy was followed by impairment of renal function and 14 of these died. It is concluded that embolectomy must be performed as early as possible, vascular reconstruction must be considered if the embolectomy fails to revascularize the limb, preventive measures should be taken against renal failure, i.e. the myonephropathic-metabolic syndrome.

Acute Kidney Injury↗