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Biomedical subjects

E Fasal

Publications and source records attributed to E Fasal.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

Factors associated wih high and low risk of cervical neoplasia.

Among 34,318 participants in a cervical cancer screening program conducted in 12 California counties between 1975 and 1979, biopsy-proved cervical neoplasia was found in 166. These women served as cases in a case-control study to investigate the association of selected characteristics with the risk of cervical dysplasia and/or cancer. A random sample of program participants with only negative cytologic tests formed the control group. The following factors showed no association with cervical neoplasia: ethnic affiliation, age at menarche, age at first marriage, age at first pregnancy, age at birth of first child, mean number of children, and ever use of oral contraceptives. Risk of cervical neoplasia was increased in women who were less than 40 years of age; were of poverty or low income status; and were separated, divorce, or widowed. A decrease in risk was associated with nulliparity, ever use of estrogens for relief of menopausal symptoms, and ever use of the diaphragm.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cancer risk as related to use of oral contraceptives during fertile years.

A case-control study of 452 breast cancer patients, aged less than 50 years, and 872 age-, race-, and religion-matched control patients generated relative risk estimates of breast cancer associated with oral contraceptive practices. The relative risk of breast cancer from ever-use of oral contraceptives was 1.1, not significant. Relative risks did not differ by age, interval since first use, interval since last use, or time periods in which steroid compounds differed in composition and potency. However, the relative risks of breast cancer from current use, from 2 to 4 years of ever-use, from 6 or more years of use by women with prior benign breast disease, and from use before first childbirth were increased significantly. The findings suggest the malignant process may be quickened if transformed cells are present during oral contraceptive use. Yet, the findings neither indicate that oral contraception induces breast cancer nor do they exonerate female steroid hormones. The findings do encourage continued surveillance of steroid contraception for cancer induction or promotion. In addition to duration of oral contraceptive use and other measures of dose response, future observations should pay especial attention to use by women before first childbirth and by women with already established benign breast disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Oral contraceptives as related to cancer and benign lesions of the breast.

We conducted a case-control study to search for any relationship between use of oral contraceptives and development of breast cancer or benign breast disease. Women less than 50 years old with these diseases were matched with 2 controls by age, race, religion, and hospital. Home interviews elicited information on oral contraceptive use and other host and environmental factors. The study population comprised 1,770 women, including 452 with breast cancer and 446 with benign breast disease. The relative risk of developing cancer or benign disease was measured by matched set and summary chi-square analyses. Although the relative risk of developing breast cancer among "ever-users" of oral contraceptives was 1.1, the risk among women using oral contraceptives for 2-4 years was 1.9 (significantly increased). This risk estimate reached 2.5 for the 2- to 4-year users if they were still taking oral contraceptives when entered into study. Moreover, prior biopsy for benign breast disease increased the cancer risk among long-term users by as much as 11-fold. The relative risk of breast cancer did not vary by age, interval since first use, earliest year of use, or interval since last use. These results could be interpreted to indicate that oral contraceptives did not induce breast cancer but may have accelerated the growth rate of preexisting breast cancer. The relative risk of developing benign breast disease among ever-users of oral contraceptives was 0.8 (significantly reduced); it decreased with longer duration of use until it reached 0.2 for women who took these hormones 8 years or more. The relative risk of benign breast was not affected by earliest year of use or interval since last use. We concluded that oral contraceptives reduced the incidence of benign breast disease, but that use of steroid hormones is ill-advised for women with already established benign breast disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

12-county program: screening of 34,318 women for cervical cancer in California, 1975-78.

The California Department of Health Services conducted a cervical cancer screening program in 12 counties where local health agencies provided the screening services. A major purpose of the study was to screen women at high risk of cervical cancer and to assure that women with abnormal results on cervical cytology testing obtained appropriate diagnostic workup and treatment. A total of 34,318 women were screened, and 7,811 returned for up to 3 annual rescreening examinations. Final cytologic results were 33,658 normal, 100 unsatisfactory, and 560 abnormal smears. Of the abnormal smears, 484 were indicative of cervical dysplasia, 41 of in situ cervical cancer and 22 of invasive cervical cancer. In 13 women, endometrial cancer was suspected. Complete followup information on diagnostic evaluation and treatment was obtained for 80 percent of the women with abnormal Pap test results. Histological confirmation of neoplasia was reported for 173 women. The diagnoses were cervical dysplasia in 108, cervical cancer in 58 (49 in situ, 9 invasive) and endometrial cancer in 7. The program reached greater proportions of older women, the less affluent, women of Spanish origin and oriental women and a smaller proportion of blacks than were present in the general female population of California.

Adult↗