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Biomedical subjects

E Fine

Publications and source records attributed to E Fine.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Demonstration of endothelial adhesion of sickle cells in vivo: a distinct role for deformable sickle cell discocytes.

Different morphologic and density classes of sickle cells (SS) may play distinct roles in the generation of vasoocclusion, explaining the complexity of this phenomena. The densest SS red blood cells (RBCs) (SS4) can induce vasoocculsion in ex vivo microcirculatory preparations as well as in an intact animal model. Previous studies of the interaction of SS deformable discocytes with endothelial monolayers or the rat ex vivo mesocecum preparation have shown adhesion that is desmopressin (dDAVP)-stimulated, von Willebrand factor (vWF)-mediated, and limited to the small venules. However, in vivo adhesion of SS RBCs to the endothelium has neither been demonstrated nor characterized; and, in particular, the relation of adhesion to vasoocclusion is unknown. Using an intact animal model that involves injecting saline-washed, density-defined SS RBCs into the femoral artery of a rat, we find that: (1) Quantitative studies of RBCs retained in the rat thigh using 99mTc-labeled RBCs and gamma camera imaging showed that dDAVP induces a threefold increase in retention of normal (AA) cells and deformable SS discocytes (SS2). (2) electron microscopy and Microfil injection show that the retention of SS2 cells is due to adhesion to the vascular endothelium with no evidence of obstruction. (3) H-1 magnetic resonance imaging showed that retention of SS4 cells induced a dose-dependent increase in tissue edema (presumable secondary to tissue hypoxia), while retention of AA or SS2 cells produced no change. We conclude that endothelial adhesion of deformable SS discocytes can be demonstrated in an in vivo animal model, that this adhesion is enhanced by dDAVP (presumably related to, but not necessarily limited to the release of vWF), and that this phenomenon per se does not lead to vasoocclusion. Nevertheless, adhesion of deformable SS discocytes may have consequences. We hypothesize that adhesion of SS discocytes could narrow the lumen of postcapillary venules and facilitate secondary trapping of SS4 cells and lead to subsequent vasoocclusion.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1991

Aspergillus otomastoiditis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

The diagnosis and therapy of fungal infection in the paranasal sinuses of the immunocompromised host, including those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), has been discussed in recent literature. However, only limited reports have been presented on otologic infection in AIDS patients. A review of 26 such patients with otologic disease included no cases of fungal otopathology. Our recent experience with two patients with Aspergillus otomastoiditis is presented. The extent of fungal infection in these cases was early-stage in one patient and late-stage in the other. The case histories, management, and outcomes are presented to provide insight into this previously unreported complication of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Association of intracranial meningioma with arteriovenous malformation.

Simultaneous occurrence of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation and a primary brain tumor is rare. A case of a left occipital meningioma and a right parietotemporal arteriovenous malformation is reported. Clinical, radiological, and postmortem findings are described. Thirty previous reports of arteriovenous malformations associated with primary brain tumors are reviewed. In 18 cases the two lesions were intermixed or in close proximity. This spatial relationship between the lesions suggests more than a coincidental association. Several hypotheses are proposed to explain common causal connections.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Four psychoanalytic perspectives: a study of differences in interpretive interventions.

This research study was designed to test two main hypotheses: (1) there are detectable differences in interpretive style among classical, Kleinian, Kohutian, and Kernbergian analysts; and (2) the nature of these differences can be discerned and described. The methodology consists of three phases of data collection. The statistical findings are presented, along with clinical examples, followed by a discussion of their implications.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Modeling sickle cell vasoocclusion in the rat leg: quantification of trapped sickle cells and correlation with 31P metabolic and 1H magnetic resonance imaging changes.

We have developed an animal model to elucidate the acute effects of perfusion abnormalities on muscle metabolism induced by different density-defined classes of erythrocytes isolated from sickle cell anemia patients. Technetium-99m (99mTc)-labeled, saline-washed normal (AA), homozygous sickle (SS), or high-density SS (SS4) erythrocytes were injected into the femoral artery of the rat and quantitative 99mTc imaging, 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy by surface coil at 2 teslas, and 1H magnetic resonance imaging at 0.15 tesla were performed. Between 5 and 25 microliters of SS4 cells was trapped in the microcirculation of the thigh (or 1-6 x 10(7) cells per cubic centimeter of tissue). In contrast, fewer SS discocytes (SS2) or AA cells were trapped (an equivalent packed cell volume of less than 6.7 microliters and 0.3 microliters, respectively). After injection of SS4 cells an initial increase in inorganic phosphate was observed in the region of the thigh served by the femoral artery, intracellular pH decreased, and subsequently the proton relaxation time T1 reached a broad maximum at 18-28 hr. When T1 obtained at this time was plotted against the volume of cells trapped, an increase of T1 over the control value of 411 +/- 48 msec was found that was proportional to the number of cells trapped. We conclude that the densest SS cells are most effective at producing vasoocclusion. The extent of the change detected by 1H magnetic resonance imaging is dependent on the amount of cells trapped in the microcirculation and the magnitude of the initial increase of inorganic phosphate.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1989

Asymmetrical growth of scalp hair in syringomyelia.

Trophic alterations in the skin take place consequent to interruption of its motor, sensory, and autonomic innervation. The hair in denervated areas is often less abundant and grows more slowly. Syringomyelia is a common cause of cutaneous trophic alterations that are often unilateral. They occur predominantly in the upper extremities and seldom involve the skin over the face and scalp. A patient with syringomyelia exhibited a unilateral impairment of pain and temperature sensation in the entire right side of the scalp. A dissimilarity of hair length between the right and left side of the scalp was noticed, with a sharp demarcation along the midline. This peculiar trophic change has not been previously described in the medical literature.

Hair↗
PubMed1987

Plasmodium falciparum-inhibitory monoclonal antibodies produced by human hybridomas.

Stable human hybridomas were generated that produced inhibitory anti-Plasmodium falciparum monoclonal antibodies. Peripheral blood lymphocytes, obtained from adults in Liberia, a malaria endemic area, were immortalized with Epstein-Barr virus and then fused with KR4, a human, lymphoblastoid cell line. Stable hybridomas that produced anti-P. falciparum monoclonal antibody were identified by an ELISA assay that used the trophozoite and schizont antigens of both the Honduras I and FCR3 parasite strains. Monoclonal antibodies produced by selected hybridomas derived from lymphocytes of two individuals were subsequently studied. The anti-parasite antibodies were produced at 1-3 micrograms/ml in culture supernatants. All of the monoclonal antibodies bound specifically to trophozoites and schizonts of both strains of parasite in an indirect immunofluorescence assay and inhibited production of ring stage parasites by more than 90% when added to trophozoite or schizont containing erythrocytes in culture. Western immunoblot analysis of antigens obtained from trophozoites and schizonts (parasite age span of 36 to 48 h) was performed using either affinity purified or ammonium sulfate-concentrated monoclonal antibody. Antibody from three hybridomas which bound primarily to antigens of the Honduras 1 strain had Mr of approximately 140,000, 130,000 and 123,000.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Alcoholism and skin disease.

One hundred and one patients who met criteria for alcoholism were evaluated for dermatologic signs. There were 98 men and 3 women, with an average age of 40.85 years; 40 were white and 61 black. Significant findings were no skin disease in 19, acne in 27, folliculitis in 8, seborrheic dermatitis in 12, tinea pedis in 32, and xerosis in 7. Only two patients had rosacea, which is contrary to previously held beliefs about the drinker's nose.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

The effect of alcohol and smoking on testosterone function and aggression in chronic alcoholics.

Forty alcoholics without other significant medical or psychiatric problems were studied on a research ward for two weeks. All subjects abstained from alcohol and cigarettes during the first week; 30 randomly selected subjects were permitted unlimited alcohol and/or cigarettes during the second week. Plasma testosterone levels were normal during the first week but decreased rapidly and significantly in those subjects allowed alcohol. A variety of measures of affect failed to show a significant correlation between hostility/aggression and plasma testosterone levels or alcohol ingestion.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Metastatic intraocular carcinoma: clinicopathologic study of a case.

This case report describes the fluorescein angiography, the radioactive scintigraphy, and the pathologic findings of an intraocular metastasis from bronchogenic carcinoma which occurred in a 64-year-old white man. In spite of extensive studies, no definitive differential diagnosis between primary and secondary eye lesion could be established before enucleation for intractable pain. This case illustrates that presently available methods are not adequate for correct differential diagnosis in such cases.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials in a case of "locked-in" syndrome: a clinical and pathological study.

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials were bilaterally normal, and somatosensory evoked potentials were unilaterally abnormal in a patient with a large pontine infarct causing a "locked-in" syndrome. In the post mortem examination, the lesion extended unilaterally into the pontine tegmentum, partially involving the left medial lemniscus. The P14 potential was absent and the N20 potential was diminished in amplitude with right median nerve stimulation. The origin of the P14 potential has been debated in the literature. This case provides evidence for the P14 generator being located at the pontine level, in relation to a lemniscal area above the decussation of the somatosensory pathway. Evoked potentials can help to determine the tegmental extension of the pontine infarcts in the "locked-in" syndrome, especially in patients unable to cooperate with clinical examination.

Aged↗