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Biomedical subjects

E Frazier

Publications and source records attributed to E Frazier.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effect of efrotomycin in feed on the quantity, duration, and prevalence of shedding and antibacterial susceptibility of Salmonella typhimurium in experimentally infected swine.

The influence of efrotomycin administered at the rate of 16 mg/kg of feed in 10 Salmonella typhimurium-inoculated pigs was determined by comparing this group with a group of 10 pigs inoculated with S typhimurium that were given nonmedicated feed. Two control groups of 4 noninoculated pigs each, 1 group medicated with efrotomycin at 16 mg/kg of feed, the other nonmedicated, also were evaluated. An inoculum of 1.7 x 10(10) colony-forming-units/pig induced colonization of S typhimurium in all 20 pigs. Evaluation of the quantity of shedding did not reveal a clear or consistent treatment-related increase in S typhimurium counts; mean differences between the nonmedicated and medicated groups never exceeded 1 log unit. On the last day of the study (day 56 of the medication), 8 nonmedicated and 9 medicated pigs were determined to be infected with S typhimurium via enrichment procedures, so there was no difference in duration of shedding, and there were no significant differences in prevalence of shedding between the nonmedicated and medicated groups at any of the sampling times. Of 1,340 S typhimurium colonies isolated from the nonmedicated and medicated groups, 1,330 were susceptible to all 12 antibacterials tested, indicating no treatment-related effect on susceptibility. At necropsy, S typhimurium was not isolated from any liver or spleen specimens, and was isolated from only 2 of 20 lymph nodes. However, S typhimurium was isolated via enrichment from the cecal contents from all 20 pigs. There were no treatment-related differences in feed consumption, weight gain, or feed efficiency. Appreciable differences in the measurements were not found between the efrotomycin-medicated and nonmedicated pigs.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1987

Alpha-coma: clinical and evoked potential studies.

Simultaneous brainstem auditory and somatosensory evoked potential studies to median nerve stimulation were performed in two comatose patients, having diffuse alpha-pattern in their EEGs. CT scan of the brain in both cases did not reveal any mass lesion. In Case 1, the clinical and evoked potential studies suggested a brain stem lesion, and in Case 2 there was diffuse encephalopathy, with asymmetric dysfunction of the brainstem as seen in the evoked potential patterns. The suggested separation of alpha-pattern into two distinct groups, based on the reactivity and the presence or absence of sleep activities, into brainstem and diffuse cortical lesions could not be supported by our evoked potential studies. Our study, based on the observations of the evoked potential studies, indicated that the reactivity to sensory stimulation and intermittent attenuation of diffuse alpha-like activity relate to the integrity of the ascending sensory inputs to the thalamus. In the absence of evoked potential data, the localization of lesion(s) in alpha-coma pattern may be imprecise. Moreover, the circadian sleep rhythms and the presence or absence of "sleep spindles" appeared to depend on the inputs of the ascending sensory pathways to the structures generating the sleep activities. The specific neuronal structures generating the alpha-pattern still remain unidentified; however, this pattern seems to be originating from the structures rostral to the mesencephalon, possibly in the thalamic-thalamocortical circuits.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials in infants.

Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) to unilateral median nerve electrical stimulation were recorded from normal infants at birth and at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months of age. Three channels were recorded: Erb's point-Fz; C II (over 2nd cervical vertebra)-Fz; contralateral C' (2 cm posterior to C3 or C4)-Fz. Sweep time = 50 msec. At birth, the C II potential was seen in all infants; the Erb's point and C' potentials were seen in two-thirds. All older infants had well developed potentials at all sites. The mean latency of the Erb's point potential was stable over time. The latency of the C II potential decreased with maturation. At C', 4 components were seen, the latencies of which decreased with maturation: N1, P1, N2 and P2. The duration of N1 and P1 decreased with maturation. Standard deviations were relatively small for latencies and large for amplitudes. SEPs were adversely affected by using the 60 c/sec filter. Increasing the low frequency filter from 1 to 30 c/sec changed SEP, particularly in younger infants. Abnormal SEPs were seen in prematures surviving periventricular hemorrhage.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

Changes in average length of stay and average charges generated following institution of PSRO review.

A five-year review of accounting data at a university hospital shows that immediately following institution of concurrent PSRO admission and length of stay review of Medicare-Medicaid patients, there was a significant decrease in length of stay and a fall in average charges generated per patient against the inflationary trend. Similar changes did not occur for the non-Medicare-Medicaid patients who were not reviewed. The observed changes occurred even though the review procedure rarely resulted in the denial of services to patients, suggesting an indirect effect of review.

Accounting↗