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Biomedical subjects

E Fridell

Publications and source records attributed to E Fridell.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of primary Epstein-Barr virus infection on human herpesvirus 6, cytomegalovirus, and measles virus immunoglobulin G titers.

Immunoglobulin G antibody titers to human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), measles virus, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) were examined in serum samples from 31 patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced infectious mononucleosis (IM). Sera were drawn sequentially from the same patients less than or equal to 7 days until 3 years after onset of IM. In seropositive patients, there was a significant decrease with time after IM of the immunoglobulin G titers to the three viruses in the majority of patients; HHV-6 IgG titers decreased in 80%, measles virus IgG titers decreased in 75%, and CMV IgG titers decreased in 67%. Four patients contracted CMV infection during the observation period after IM. In these, HHV-6 IgG titers increased, while EBV and measles virus IgG titers remained essentially stationary. Polyclonal B-cell stimulation during IM is suggested to augment antiviral titers in general, but the increases of HHV-6 IgG titers during EBV and CMV infections may also be due to selective stimulation of memory B cells by related antigens or to reactivation of HHV-6 during infection with these herpesviruses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Efficacy and safety of vaccination of marrow transplant recipients with a live attenuated measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine.

Long-term immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella viruses was studied in 57 patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Among patients who were seropositive at the time of transplant, 51% had retained antibodies to measles, 42% had retained antibodies to mumps, and 76% had retained antibodies to rubella 2 y later. There was no difference in the ability to retain antibodies to these viruses between patients with and those without chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Twenty seronegative patients without active chronic GVHD or ongoing immunosuppressive treatment were vaccinated with a live attenuated trivalent vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella. No early or late side effects were detected after the vaccinations. The percentages of patients who seroconverted after vaccination were 77%, 64%, and 75% for measles, mumps, and rubella, respectively. Vaccination of transplant recipients with a live attenuated vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella is safe and usually effective 2 y after transplant if the patients do not have active chronic GVHD or ongoing immunosuppressive treatment at the time of vaccination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A new peptide for human parvovirus B19 antibody detection.

A serological assay for human parvovirus B19 was developed. Linear overlapping synthetic peptides were synthesised according to parts of open reading frames 1 and 2. A region at the N-terminus of viral protein VP2 detected serological reactivity in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for IgG and IgM with known seropositive human sera. A cyclized peptide taken from this region, amino acids 284-307, gave the best selective reactivity with seropositive and seronegative sera. The peptide assay appears suitable for further studies of B19 infections and their complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Correlation between cytomegalovirus and toxoplasma gondii serology and lymphocyte phenotypes in peripheral blood and cord blood.

Increased numbers of peripheral blood HNK1+ lymphocytes have been reported in transplant recipients, hemophilia patients treated with clotting factor concentrates, and HIV carriers. Our previous work has revealed a significant effect of cytomegalovirus (CMV) carrier status on HNK1+ lymphocytes. Since other antigenic stimuli may be also involved, we compared the effects of Toxoplasma gondii and CMV carrier status on lymphocyte subsets as defined by the CD3 and HNK1 markers in 288 healthy individuals. In contrast to CMV, T gondii carrier status had no significant effects on the CD3+, HNK1+ and CD3-, HNK1+ lymphocyte subsets. That result may be explained by the different relationships between these 2 microorganisms and their hosts. We also studied the effect of maternal CMV carrier status on the HNK1 expression by their offsprings' cord blood lymphocytes. None of the 100 newborns studied had serological evidence of congenital CMV infection. There were only few HNK1+ lymphocytes in the cord bloods, of which the majority was CD3-, and their proportions were not significantly influenced by maternal CMV carrier status. Since there has been probably no direct contact between maternal CMV and the newborns' immune systems, we suggest that the effect of CMV on the HNK1+ lymphocytes of its carriers, results from a direct interaction between virus or virus-infected cells and the immune system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

IgG antibodies to human herpesvirus-6 in children and adults and in primary Epstein-Barr virus infections and cytomegalovirus infections [corrected].

Antibody titers against human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) were determined in 80 healthy adults and 100 children and teenagers from Sweden to gain information on the role of the virus and its epidemiology. Based on a positive immunofluorescence titer of 1:10 and above, about 85% of the adults and children were seropositive with 60% seropositivity of children below age one year. Titers were generally higher in patients with simultaneous EBV or CMV infection, yet crossreactivity appeared essentially no problem. HHV-6 thus is ubiquitous like other herpesviruses. Primary infection seems to occur early in life, and reactivation or delayed primary infection may be associated with a variety of disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Combination ELISAs for antiviral antibodies in CSF and serum in patients with neurological symptoms and in healthy controls.

A combination enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was designed to improve the estimation of serum: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antiviral IgG ratios. Microplate wells were coated with five different virus antigens. Serum and CSF from 66 patients referred for CSF serology and from 21 healthy controls were studied. In a comparison with serum: CSF IgG titre ratios, absorbance ratios were found to be suitable for the evaluation of intrathecal antiviral IgG synthesis. A slight blood-brain barrier (BBB) disturbance affected only the passage of albumin over the BBB, whereas a more pronounced BBB defect resulted in increased IgG levels in the CSF. Intrathecal antiviral IgG synthesis was demonstrated in 15 patients with viral CNS infections or inflammatory diseases. Very high serum: CSF antiviral IgG titre ratios and absorbance ratios, found in six patients, were interpreted as signs of diminished IgG passage over the BBB due to impaired CSF circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Intradermal immunization with reduced doses of human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine: evaluation of antibody response by ELISA and mixed hemadsorption test.

The antibody response to the rabies human diploid cell strain vaccine was compared after pre-exposure immunization with 0.1 ml intradermal (i.d.) and 1.0 ml subcutaneous (s.c.) vaccination. After primary immunization, 2 doses of vaccine 1 month apart, all vaccinees in the two groups had antibody titers detectable by ELISA. However, the mean antibody titer after the 0.1 ml i.d. doses (5.9 EU/ml) was half of what was obtained after the 1.0 ml s.c. doses (12.2 EU/ml). Likewise, though all vaccinees responded on the 1-year booster dose the mean antibody level after i.d. vaccination (8 EU/ml) was 2.5 times lower than after 1.0 ml s.c. dose (21.5 EU/ml). At 1 year 70% of the vaccinees had detectable antibody levels irrespective of vaccination route. A few individuals responded to one of their i.d. doses with only minor titer rises which is supposed to be due to inadvertent s.c. injection of the i.d. dose.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

Studies on alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. Relation to gamma-glutamyltransferase and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes.

Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GT) and isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) have been studied in 282 cases with increased S-ALP and in 18 chronic alcoholics with normal routine liver tests. There was a high degree of correlation between S-GT and the bile (alpha 1) and liver (alpha 2) fractions of S-ALP. Fractionation of alkaline phosphatases sometimes yielded clinical information, which could not be obtained by determinations of S-ALP and S-GT only. The presence of alpha 1-ALP and increased S-GT appeared to be more sensitive indicators of ethanol-induced liver involvement than other liver tests, including LDH-5/LDH-4 ratios.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute "idiopathic" peripheral facial palsy: clinical, serological, and cerebrospinal fluid findings and effects of corticosteroids.

INTRODUCTION: The causes for peripheral facial palsy remain obscure in many patients. Evidence exists suggesting viruses, especially those belonging to the herpesvirus group, may be causative. This study was developed to evaluate this theory. METHODS: One hundred forty-seven patients with acute peripheral facial palsy of primarily unknown origin were studied. All were examined within 1 week of onset. Subsequent follow-up was undertaken until the palsy had recovered or become static. Paried cerebral spinal fluid and serum samples were obtained for serological evaluation to detect herpes simplex, varicella zoster, cytomegalovirus, measles, mumps, rubella, tick-borne encephalitis, adenovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human immunodeficiency virus, as well as the antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi. RESULTS: Elevated antibiotic titers to Borrelia burgdorferi were observed in 11% of patients, whereas 9% of patients demonstrated elevated viral titers. Antibody pattern consistent with Epstein-Barr virus reactivation was present in 13%. A total of 67% were classified as idiopathic. CONCLUSION: Patients with reactivated Epstein-Barr virus were characterized by having a higher incidence of auricular pain and displayed diabetes mellitus in a higher frequency than in other groups. In the Borrelia group, neck/back pain was more common. Healing was less favorable in the Borrelia group despite an equal rate of palsy at onset and adequate antibiotic treatment. Corticosteroid treatment used in 44% of the patients did not significantly improve the functional outcome.

Acute Disease↗